Despite the importance of Asian river systems for the global riverine carbon fluxes, surprisingly few efforts have been made to synthesize the current status and emerging trends of CO₂ outgassing and organic carbon export from the rapidly urbanizing watersheds across Asia. Asian rivers have been estimated to account for up to 40 and 50 % of the global inorganic and organic carbon transport from the land to the oceans, respectively. However, the lack of data has limited our ability to estimate the contributions of Asian rivers to the global carbon fluxes. Particularly sparse are measurements of dissolved CO₂, so obtaining pCO₂ data in Southeast Asian rivers has been suggested as a top priority in reducing large uncertainty in estimating the global riverine CO₂ outgassing. Moreover, little is known about organic carbon export and CO₂ outgassing from streams and rivers draining rapidly urbanizing watersheds in developing countries across Asia. The proposed special issue will provide a venue for presenting the most up-to-date overview of the current status and wide-ranging anthropogenic alterations of riverine carbon fluxes including dissolved and particulate organic carbon, inorganic carbon, and dissolved CO₂ and other greenhouse gases such as CH₄, N₂O, and DMS. We will solicit both review and primary research articles that address emerging trends in riverine carbon transport and greenhouse gas outgassing from major river systems across Asia, particularly from the perspective of human-induced perturbations to those fluxes.