This study demonstrates how increasingly long eddy covariance time series open new opportunities to advance understanding of biosphere–atmosphere interactions. By examining climate-smart management practices in an intensively managed grassland, the authors show how management decisions can stabilize key ecosystem processes, enhance resilience, and partially offset the negative impacts of climate extremes on productivity. The findings provide valuable observational evidence with direct relevance for climate adaptation strategies in agroecosystems and for informing management and policy decisions at local to regional scales.

Seabird guano is a vital nutrient source that drives "biogeomorphic feedbacks," shifting plant communities toward sediment-stabilizing species that physically reshape coastal landscapes. Van Rees and others demonstrate that guano-derived nitrogen enhances vegetation productivity and sediment retention, particularly in nutrient-poor sandy environments. These findings suggest that declining seabird populations could indirectly accelerate habitat loss due to the critical role of seabirds as "ecosystem engineers" who help build the very landscapes they depend on for survival, which has clear conservation implications.

Kaiho uses historic records of diversification, starting with the early evolution of metazoans from cnidarian ancestors 700-500 mya, to predict the future of metazoan life on Earth. In analyzing past records of diversification, environmental drivers beyond the typically considered meteorite impacts and volcanism, such as variations in solar irradiance and inherent climatic fluctuations, are included as major additional drivers. These analyses lead to the proposal that metazoan life will likely go extinct on Earth within the next 700 million years. This extinction will be driven by long-term increases in physiological stress resulting from warming due to increasing solar radiation, as well as decreasing O2 and increasing CO2 concentrations in Earth’s atmosphere. While gradual changes in the Earth system will likely cause a decline in metazoan prevalence, the final thrust to extinction will likely require a global-scale geological or astronomical event.

This study provides an exceptional, high-resolution, specimen-level record of marine bivalve body-size dynamics across the Permian–Triassic mass extinction, one of the most extreme climate crises in Earth’s history. By distinguishing species- from genus-level responses, the authors show that post-extinction size reductions are driven mainly by faunal turnover and the emergence of smaller species, rather than by universal dwarfism within surviving taxa, thereby refining interpretations of the “Lilliput effect.” The identification of two distinct recovery phases highlights the complex interplay of evolutionary and environmental controls during prolonged climate stress and offers valuable context for understanding biological responses to rapid warming in the past and future.

Rapid changes to the climate of the boreal zone have resulted in large-scale 'greening' and range shifts. Feng and others explain these changes at a global scale and with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution, demonstrating a change in boreal forest demography toward younger stands, an increase in areal extent of boreal forests, and a northward gain that outpaced losses on it southern fringe. These ongoing changes further emphasize the importance of boreal forests to earth system processes and the work in the present manuscript presents a path forward for detailed studies of large-scale land cover changes.