Articles | Volume 12, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4421-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4421-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Iron budgets for three distinct biogeochemical sites around the Kerguelen Archipelago (Southern Ocean) during the natural fertilisation study, KEOPS-2
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/IFREMER, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE CRC), Private Bag 80, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
P. van der Merwe
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE CRC), Private Bag 80, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
F. Quéroué
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE CRC), Private Bag 80, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/IFREMER, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
T. Trull
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE CRC), Private Bag 80, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
M. Fourquez
Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), UMR 7621 CNRS UPMC, Avenue du Fontaulé, 66650 Banyuls sur mer, France
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
F. Planchon
Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/IFREMER, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
G. Sarthou
Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/IFREMER, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
F. Chever
Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/IFREMER, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
now at: National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
A. T. Townsend
Central Science Laboratory (CSL), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 74, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
I. Obernosterer
Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), UMR 7621 CNRS UPMC, Avenue du Fontaulé, 66650 Banyuls sur mer, France
J.-B. Sallée
Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ., Paris 06, UMR 7159, LOCEAN-IPSL, 75005 Paris, France
CNRS, UMR 7159, LOCEAN-IPSL, 75005 Paris, France
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
S. Blain
Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), UMR 7621 CNRS UPMC, Avenue du Fontaulé, 66650 Banyuls sur mer, France
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Cited
56 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Response of marine microbes to iron contained in colloids of glacial origin: a Kerguelen Island case study R. Thoppil et al.
- GEOTRACES: Accelerating Research on the Marine Biogeochemical Cycles of Trace Elements and Their Isotopes R. Anderson
- Space and time variability of the Southern Ocean carbon budget I. Rosso et al.
- Planktic foraminifer and coccolith contribution to carbonate export fluxes over the central Kerguelen Plateau M. Rembauville et al.
- Impact of Inorganic Particles of Sedimentary Origin on Global Dissolved Iron and Phytoplankton Distribution H. Beghoura et al.
- Ironing Out Fe Residence Time in the Dynamic Upper Ocean E. Black et al.
- Pelagic Iron Recycling in the Southern Ocean: Exploring the Contribution of Marine Animals L. Ratnarajah et al.
- Phytoplanktonic response to simulated volcanic and desert dust deposition events in the South Indian and Southern Oceans C. Geisen et al.
- High Lability Fe Particles Sourced From Glacial Erosion Can Meet Previously Unaccounted Biological Demand: Heard Island, Southern Ocean P. van der Merwe et al.
- Predator-mediated nutrient transfers and recycling in ecosystems: Fine-scale variation in the contribution of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) on and around the Kerguelen Islands L. Gilbert et al.
- Particulate iron seasonality between winter and spring in the open Southern Atlantic Ocean is primarily driven by non-biological processes A. Ringard et al.
- Differentiating Lithogenic Supplies, Water Mass Transport, and Biological Processes On and Off the Kerguelen Plateau Using Rare Earth Element Concentrations and Neodymium Isotopic Compositions M. Grenier et al.
- Composition of diatom communities and their contribution to plankton biomass in the naturally iron-fertilized region of Kerguelen in the Southern Ocean M. Lasbleiz et al.
- Glaciogenic iron transport pathways to the Kerguelen offshore phytoplankton bloom A. Nalivaev et al.
- Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications S. Henley et al.
- The role of diatom resting spores in pelagic–benthic coupling in the Southern Ocean M. Rembauville et al.
- Natural iron fertilization of the coastal ocean by “blackwater rivers” R. Krachler et al.
- Southern Ocean biological iron cycling in the pre-whaling and present ecosystems M. Maldonado et al.
- Complexities of regulating climate by promoting marine primary production with ocean iron fertilization H. Jiang et al.
- Quantifying the role of iron recycling by Adélie and Emperor penguins over the austral spring and summer in Prydz Bay L. Ratnarajah et al.
- Review article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic? M. Hopwood et al.
- Unveiling the Si cycle using isotopes in an iron-fertilized zone of the Southern Ocean: from mixed-layer supply to export I. Closset et al.
- The integral role of iron in ocean biogeochemistry A. Tagliabue et al.
- Zinc and nickel isotopes in seawater from the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean: The impact of natural iron fertilization versus Southern Ocean hydrography and biogeochemistry R. Wang et al.
- Coastal ocean and shelf-sea biogeochemical cycling of trace elements and isotopes: lessons learned from GEOTRACES M. Charette et al.
- Spatial and Seasonal Variability of the Vertical Distribution of Chlorophyll a Concentration in the Southern Ocean from Bio-Argo Data E. Kubryakova et al.
- Uptake of Leucine, Chitin, and Iron by Prokaryotic Groups during Spring Phytoplankton Blooms Induced by Natural Iron Fertilization off Kerguelen Island (Southern Ocean) M. Fourquez et al.
- Probing the Bioavailability of Dissolved Iron to Marine Eukaryotic Phytoplankton Using In Situ Single Cell Iron Quotas Y. Shaked et al.
- A tale of three islands: Downstream natural iron fertilization in the Southern Ocean J. Robinson et al.
- Iron and copper complexation in Macaronesian coastal waters V. Arnone et al.
- Marked spatiotemporal variations in small phytoplankton structure in contrasted waters of the Southern Ocean (Kerguelen area) S. Irion et al.
- Effects of island weathering and natural iron fertilization in the geochemistry of deglacial sediments from the Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Ocean T. Sarathchandraprasad et al.
- Quantifying Lithogenic Inputs to the Southern Ocean Using Long-Lived Thorium Isotopes H. Pérez-Tribouillier et al.
- Contribution of resuspended sedimentary particles to dissolved iron and manganese in the ocean: An experimental study M. Cheize et al.
- Atmospheric inputs of volcanic iron around Heard and McDonald Islands, Southern ocean M. Perron et al.
- The Impact of Fine-Scale Currents on Biogeochemical Cycles in a Changing Ocean M. Lévy et al.
- Glacial-interglacial dust and export production records from the Southern Indian Ocean L. Thöle et al.
- The fecal iron pump: Global impact of animals on the iron stoichiometry of marine sinking particles P. Le Mézo & E. Galbraith
- Subsurface Chlorophyll-a Maxima in the Southern Ocean K. Baldry et al.
- How well do global ocean biogeochemistry models simulate dissolved iron distributions? A. Tagliabue et al.
- Impact of the natural Fe-fertilization on the magnitude, stoichiometry and efficiency of particulate biogenic silica, nitrogen and iron export fluxes N. Lemaitre et al.
- Biotic and abiotic retention, recycling and remineralization of metals in the ocean P. Boyd et al.
- The role of atmospheric iron deposition in driving carbon uptake over the Indian Ocean P. Banerjee
- BioGeoChemical‐Argo Floats Reveal Stark Latitudinal Gradient in the Southern Ocean Deep Carbon Flux Driven by Phytoplankton Community Composition L. Terrats et al.
- Safeguarding the polar regions from dangerous geoengineering: a critical assessment of proposed concepts and future prospects M. Siegert et al.
- Linking Southern Ocean Mixed‐Layer Dynamics to Net Community Production on Various Timescales Z. Li et al.
- Sustained Upwelling of Subsurface Iron Supplies Seasonally Persistent Phytoplankton Blooms Around the Southern Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Ocean C. Schallenberg et al.
- Influence of mixed layer depth on chlorophyll-a concentration in the Southern Ocean Y. Shi et al.
- Investigation into the impact of storms on sustaining summer primary productivity in the Sub‐Antarctic Ocean S. Nicholson et al.
- Aerosol Fe cycling in the surface water of the Northwestern Pacific ocean B. Wang & T. Ho
- Ocean circulation and frontal structure near the southern Kerguelen Plateau: The physical context for the Kerguelen Axis ecosystem study S. Bestley et al.
- Variability of marine 14C reservoir ages in the Southern Ocean highlighting circulation changes between 1910 and 1950 M. Paterne et al.
- Southern Ocean Phytoplankton Blooms Observed by Biogeochemical Floats T. Uchida et al.
- Recycling of dissolved iron in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre N. Hawco et al.
- Vertical Flux of Trace Elements Associated With Lithogenic and Biogenic Carrier Phases in the Southern Ocean S. Blain et al.
- Physical speciation and solubility of iron from baleen whale faecal material L. Ratnarajah et al.
56 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Response of marine microbes to iron contained in colloids of glacial origin: a Kerguelen Island case study R. Thoppil et al.
- GEOTRACES: Accelerating Research on the Marine Biogeochemical Cycles of Trace Elements and Their Isotopes R. Anderson
- Space and time variability of the Southern Ocean carbon budget I. Rosso et al.
- Planktic foraminifer and coccolith contribution to carbonate export fluxes over the central Kerguelen Plateau M. Rembauville et al.
- Impact of Inorganic Particles of Sedimentary Origin on Global Dissolved Iron and Phytoplankton Distribution H. Beghoura et al.
- Ironing Out Fe Residence Time in the Dynamic Upper Ocean E. Black et al.
- Pelagic Iron Recycling in the Southern Ocean: Exploring the Contribution of Marine Animals L. Ratnarajah et al.
- Phytoplanktonic response to simulated volcanic and desert dust deposition events in the South Indian and Southern Oceans C. Geisen et al.
- High Lability Fe Particles Sourced From Glacial Erosion Can Meet Previously Unaccounted Biological Demand: Heard Island, Southern Ocean P. van der Merwe et al.
- Predator-mediated nutrient transfers and recycling in ecosystems: Fine-scale variation in the contribution of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) on and around the Kerguelen Islands L. Gilbert et al.
- Particulate iron seasonality between winter and spring in the open Southern Atlantic Ocean is primarily driven by non-biological processes A. Ringard et al.
- Differentiating Lithogenic Supplies, Water Mass Transport, and Biological Processes On and Off the Kerguelen Plateau Using Rare Earth Element Concentrations and Neodymium Isotopic Compositions M. Grenier et al.
- Composition of diatom communities and their contribution to plankton biomass in the naturally iron-fertilized region of Kerguelen in the Southern Ocean M. Lasbleiz et al.
- Glaciogenic iron transport pathways to the Kerguelen offshore phytoplankton bloom A. Nalivaev et al.
- Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications S. Henley et al.
- The role of diatom resting spores in pelagic–benthic coupling in the Southern Ocean M. Rembauville et al.
- Natural iron fertilization of the coastal ocean by “blackwater rivers” R. Krachler et al.
- Southern Ocean biological iron cycling in the pre-whaling and present ecosystems M. Maldonado et al.
- Complexities of regulating climate by promoting marine primary production with ocean iron fertilization H. Jiang et al.
- Quantifying the role of iron recycling by Adélie and Emperor penguins over the austral spring and summer in Prydz Bay L. Ratnarajah et al.
- Review article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic? M. Hopwood et al.
- Unveiling the Si cycle using isotopes in an iron-fertilized zone of the Southern Ocean: from mixed-layer supply to export I. Closset et al.
- The integral role of iron in ocean biogeochemistry A. Tagliabue et al.
- Zinc and nickel isotopes in seawater from the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean: The impact of natural iron fertilization versus Southern Ocean hydrography and biogeochemistry R. Wang et al.
- Coastal ocean and shelf-sea biogeochemical cycling of trace elements and isotopes: lessons learned from GEOTRACES M. Charette et al.
- Spatial and Seasonal Variability of the Vertical Distribution of Chlorophyll a Concentration in the Southern Ocean from Bio-Argo Data E. Kubryakova et al.
- Uptake of Leucine, Chitin, and Iron by Prokaryotic Groups during Spring Phytoplankton Blooms Induced by Natural Iron Fertilization off Kerguelen Island (Southern Ocean) M. Fourquez et al.
- Probing the Bioavailability of Dissolved Iron to Marine Eukaryotic Phytoplankton Using In Situ Single Cell Iron Quotas Y. Shaked et al.
- A tale of three islands: Downstream natural iron fertilization in the Southern Ocean J. Robinson et al.
- Iron and copper complexation in Macaronesian coastal waters V. Arnone et al.
- Marked spatiotemporal variations in small phytoplankton structure in contrasted waters of the Southern Ocean (Kerguelen area) S. Irion et al.
- Effects of island weathering and natural iron fertilization in the geochemistry of deglacial sediments from the Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Ocean T. Sarathchandraprasad et al.
- Quantifying Lithogenic Inputs to the Southern Ocean Using Long-Lived Thorium Isotopes H. Pérez-Tribouillier et al.
- Contribution of resuspended sedimentary particles to dissolved iron and manganese in the ocean: An experimental study M. Cheize et al.
- Atmospheric inputs of volcanic iron around Heard and McDonald Islands, Southern ocean M. Perron et al.
- The Impact of Fine-Scale Currents on Biogeochemical Cycles in a Changing Ocean M. Lévy et al.
- Glacial-interglacial dust and export production records from the Southern Indian Ocean L. Thöle et al.
- The fecal iron pump: Global impact of animals on the iron stoichiometry of marine sinking particles P. Le Mézo & E. Galbraith
- Subsurface Chlorophyll-a Maxima in the Southern Ocean K. Baldry et al.
- How well do global ocean biogeochemistry models simulate dissolved iron distributions? A. Tagliabue et al.
- Impact of the natural Fe-fertilization on the magnitude, stoichiometry and efficiency of particulate biogenic silica, nitrogen and iron export fluxes N. Lemaitre et al.
- Biotic and abiotic retention, recycling and remineralization of metals in the ocean P. Boyd et al.
- The role of atmospheric iron deposition in driving carbon uptake over the Indian Ocean P. Banerjee
- BioGeoChemical‐Argo Floats Reveal Stark Latitudinal Gradient in the Southern Ocean Deep Carbon Flux Driven by Phytoplankton Community Composition L. Terrats et al.
- Safeguarding the polar regions from dangerous geoengineering: a critical assessment of proposed concepts and future prospects M. Siegert et al.
- Linking Southern Ocean Mixed‐Layer Dynamics to Net Community Production on Various Timescales Z. Li et al.
- Sustained Upwelling of Subsurface Iron Supplies Seasonally Persistent Phytoplankton Blooms Around the Southern Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Ocean C. Schallenberg et al.
- Influence of mixed layer depth on chlorophyll-a concentration in the Southern Ocean Y. Shi et al.
- Investigation into the impact of storms on sustaining summer primary productivity in the Sub‐Antarctic Ocean S. Nicholson et al.
- Aerosol Fe cycling in the surface water of the Northwestern Pacific ocean B. Wang & T. Ho
- Ocean circulation and frontal structure near the southern Kerguelen Plateau: The physical context for the Kerguelen Axis ecosystem study S. Bestley et al.
- Variability of marine 14C reservoir ages in the Southern Ocean highlighting circulation changes between 1910 and 1950 M. Paterne et al.
- Southern Ocean Phytoplankton Blooms Observed by Biogeochemical Floats T. Uchida et al.
- Recycling of dissolved iron in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre N. Hawco et al.
- Vertical Flux of Trace Elements Associated With Lithogenic and Biogenic Carrier Phases in the Southern Ocean S. Blain et al.
- Physical speciation and solubility of iron from baleen whale faecal material L. Ratnarajah et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 05 May 2026
Short summary
Iron biogeochemical budgets during the natural ocean fertilisation experiment KEOPS-2 showed that complex circulation and transport pathways were responsible for differences in the mode and strength of iron supply, with vertical supply dominant on the plateau and lateral supply dominant in the plume. The exchange of iron between dissolved, biogenic and lithogenic pools was highly dynamic, resulting in a decoupling of iron supply and carbon export and controlling the efficiency of fertilization.
Iron biogeochemical budgets during the natural ocean fertilisation experiment KEOPS-2 showed...
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