Global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity in rice agriculture  driven by high yields and nitrogen use efficiency

Zhang, Xiaoxu; Xu, Xin; Liu, Yinglie; Wang, Jinyang; Xiong, Zhengqin

doi:10.5194/bg-13-2701-2016

Articles | Volume 13, issue 9

https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2701-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2701-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 13, issue 9

Research article

|

10 May 2016

Research article |

| 10 May 2016

Global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity in rice agriculture driven by high yields and nitrogen use efficiency

Xiaoxu Zhang, Xin Xu, Yinglie Liu, Jinyang Wang, and Zhengqin Xiong

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Total article views: 4,209 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
2,395	1,676	138	4,209	136	166

HTML: 2,395
PDF: 1,676
XML: 138
Total: 4,209
BibTeX: 136
EndNote: 166

Views and downloads (calculated since 26 Nov 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Nov 2015	33	19	4	56
Dec 2015	53	49	0	102
Jan 2016	30	15	0	45
Feb 2016	28	8	0	36
Mar 2016	30	13	0	43
Apr 2016	9	3	0	12
May 2016	76	33	2	111
Jun 2016	21	4	8	33
Jul 2016	14	10	3	27
Aug 2016	11	10	1	22
Sep 2016	18	15	1	34
Oct 2016	21	11	0	32
Nov 2016	7	7	0	14
Dec 2016	8	11	0	19
Jan 2017	21	13	0	34
Feb 2017	16	11	1	28
Mar 2017	46	17	1	64
Apr 2017	47	23	1	71
May 2017	38	30	0	68
Jun 2017	31	8	1	40
Jul 2017	25	11	1	37
Aug 2017	20	12	2	34
Sep 2017	20	17	0	37
Oct 2017	11	6	0	17
Nov 2017	17	18	0	35
Dec 2017	15	19	0	34
Jan 2018	19	11	0	30
Feb 2018	13	12	0	25
Mar 2018	21	10	0	31
Apr 2018	12	13	2	27
May 2018	18	16	2	36
Jun 2018	16	10	1	27
Jul 2018	17	15	1	33
Aug 2018	20	15	0	35
Sep 2018	22	17	0	39
Oct 2018	22	22	1	45
Nov 2018	13	18	1	32
Dec 2018	12	14	0	26
Jan 2019	17	18	0	35
Feb 2019	6	9	0	15
Mar 2019	5	15	0	20
Apr 2019	5	11	0	16
May 2019	14	14	0	28
Jun 2019	9	16	0	25
Jul 2019	15	9	1	25
Aug 2019	10	8	0	18
Sep 2019	12	6	0	18
Oct 2019	14	18	1	33
Nov 2019	14	11	0	25
Dec 2019	12	9	0	21
Jan 2020	9	5	1	15
Feb 2020	20	8	0	28
Mar 2020	7	6	0	13
Apr 2020	5	5	0	10
May 2020	8	6	2	16
Jun 2020	16	5	1	22
Jul 2020	28	17	9	54
Aug 2020	13	18	5	36
Sep 2020	16	3	1	20
Oct 2020	15	13	1	29
Nov 2020	10	8	1	19
Dec 2020	16	10	2	28
Jan 2021	26	17	1	44
Feb 2021	12	7	2	21
Mar 2021	10	23	1	34
Apr 2021	10	16	1	27
May 2021	10	7	0	17
Jun 2021	6	10	1	17
Jul 2021	4	11	1	16
Aug 2021	20	13	0	33
Sep 2021	21	14	1	36
Oct 2021	14	29	1	44
Nov 2021	16	29	0	45
Dec 2021	18	12	0	30
Jan 2022	21	13	0	34
Feb 2022	15	17	1	33
Mar 2022	16	14	1	31
Apr 2022	18	11	2	31
May 2022	13	11	1	25
Jun 2022	20	7	1	28
Jul 2022	13	10	0	23
Aug 2022	14	5	0	19
Sep 2022	15	9	1	25
Oct 2022	24	12	1	37
Nov 2022	22	14	1	37
Dec 2022	15	11	1	27
Jan 2023	21	10	1	32
Feb 2023	15	10	1	26
Mar 2023	22	13	2	37
Apr 2023	8	8	0	16
May 2023	22	12	0	34
Jun 2023	44	11	2	57
Jul 2023	14	6	1	21
Aug 2023	18	13	3	34
Sep 2023	15	7	0	22
Oct 2023	31	19	1	51
Nov 2023	6	6	1	13
Dec 2023	21	10	2	33
Jan 2024	21	22	0	43
Feb 2024	15	8	0	23
Mar 2024	20	20	2	42
Apr 2024	23	18	6	47
May 2024	26	26	5	57
Jun 2024	30	18	1	49
Jul 2024	26	14	4	44
Aug 2024	42	12	3	57
Sep 2024	31	21	0	52
Oct 2024	34	19	3	56
Nov 2024	18	16	1	35
Dec 2024	19	9	2	30
Jan 2025	23	19	1	43
Feb 2025	37	8	6	51
Mar 2025	36	14	6	56
Apr 2025	29	19	0	48
May 2025	26	12	0	38
Jun 2025	40	16	0	56
Jul 2025	28	36	3	67
Aug 2025	27	21	1	49
Sep 2025	33	16	0	49
Oct 2025	24	36	2	62
Nov 2025	10	15	0	25

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 26 Nov 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Nov 2015	33	19	4	56
Dec 2015	53	49	0	102
Jan 2016	30	15	0	45
Feb 2016	28	8	0	36
Mar 2016	30	13	0	43
Apr 2016	9	3	0	12
May 2016	76	33	2	111
Jun 2016	21	4	8	33
Jul 2016	14	10	3	27
Aug 2016	11	10	1	22
Sep 2016	18	15	1	34
Oct 2016	21	11	0	32
Nov 2016	7	7	0	14
Dec 2016	8	11	0	19
Jan 2017	21	13	0	34
Feb 2017	16	11	1	28
Mar 2017	46	17	1	64
Apr 2017	47	23	1	71
May 2017	38	30	0	68
Jun 2017	31	8	1	40
Jul 2017	25	11	1	37
Aug 2017	20	12	2	34
Sep 2017	20	17	0	37
Oct 2017	11	6	0	17
Nov 2017	17	18	0	35
Dec 2017	15	19	0	34
Jan 2018	19	11	0	30
Feb 2018	13	12	0	25
Mar 2018	21	10	0	31
Apr 2018	12	13	2	27
May 2018	18	16	2	36
Jun 2018	16	10	1	27
Jul 2018	17	15	1	33
Aug 2018	20	15	0	35
Sep 2018	22	17	0	39
Oct 2018	22	22	1	45
Nov 2018	13	18	1	32
Dec 2018	12	14	0	26
Jan 2019	17	18	0	35
Feb 2019	6	9	0	15
Mar 2019	5	15	0	20
Apr 2019	5	11	0	16
May 2019	14	14	0	28
Jun 2019	9	16	0	25
Jul 2019	15	9	1	25
Aug 2019	10	8	0	18
Sep 2019	12	6	0	18
Oct 2019	14	18	1	33
Nov 2019	14	11	0	25
Dec 2019	12	9	0	21
Jan 2020	9	5	1	15
Feb 2020	20	8	0	28
Mar 2020	7	6	0	13
Apr 2020	5	5	0	10
May 2020	8	6	2	16
Jun 2020	16	5	1	22
Jul 2020	28	17	9	54
Aug 2020	13	18	5	36
Sep 2020	16	3	1	20
Oct 2020	15	13	1	29
Nov 2020	10	8	1	19
Dec 2020	16	10	2	28
Jan 2021	26	17	1	44
Feb 2021	12	7	2	21
Mar 2021	10	23	1	34
Apr 2021	10	16	1	27
May 2021	10	7	0	17
Jun 2021	6	10	1	17
Jul 2021	4	11	1	16
Aug 2021	20	13	0	33
Sep 2021	21	14	1	36
Oct 2021	14	29	1	44
Nov 2021	16	29	0	45
Dec 2021	18	12	0	30
Jan 2022	21	13	0	34
Feb 2022	15	17	1	33
Mar 2022	16	14	1	31
Apr 2022	18	11	2	31
May 2022	13	11	1	25
Jun 2022	20	7	1	28
Jul 2022	13	10	0	23
Aug 2022	14	5	0	19
Sep 2022	15	9	1	25
Oct 2022	24	12	1	37
Nov 2022	22	14	1	37
Dec 2022	15	11	1	27
Jan 2023	21	10	1	32
Feb 2023	15	10	1	26
Mar 2023	22	13	2	37
Apr 2023	8	8	0	16
May 2023	22	12	0	34
Jun 2023	44	11	2	57
Jul 2023	14	6	1	21
Aug 2023	18	13	3	34
Sep 2023	15	7	0	22
Oct 2023	31	19	1	51
Nov 2023	6	6	1	13
Dec 2023	21	10	2	33
Jan 2024	21	22	0	43
Feb 2024	15	8	0	23
Mar 2024	20	20	2	42
Apr 2024	23	18	6	47
May 2024	26	26	5	57
Jun 2024	30	18	1	49
Jul 2024	26	14	4	44
Aug 2024	42	12	3	57
Sep 2024	31	21	0	52
Oct 2024	34	19	3	56
Nov 2024	18	16	1	35
Dec 2024	19	9	2	30
Jan 2025	23	19	1	43
Feb 2025	37	8	6	51
Mar 2025	36	14	6	56
Apr 2025	29	19	0	48
May 2025	26	12	0	38
Jun 2025	40	16	0	56
Jul 2025	28	36	3	67
Aug 2025	27	21	1	49
Sep 2025	33	16	0	49
Oct 2025	24	36	2	62
Nov 2025	10	15	0	25

Latest update: 15 Nov 2025

Short summary

The intensive agriculture is facing environmental problems due to low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in China. Integrated soil-crop system management (ISSM) has been developed to increase crop yield and NUE. We investigated greenhouse gas intensity after accounting for CO₂ emissions from all sources, including methane and nitrous oxide emissions, agrochemical inputs and farm operations and sinks. We found that the ISSM strategies are promising for both food security and environmental protection.