Articles | Volume 16, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-521-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-521-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
30 Jan 2019
Research article |
| 30 Jan 2019
| 30 Jan 2019
Evaluating multi-year, multi-site data on the energy balance closure of eddy-covariance flux measurements at cropland sites in southwestern Germany
Ravshan Eshonkulov
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Biogeophysics,
University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff Str. 27, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Environmental Protection and Ecology, Karshi Engineering Economic
Institute, Mustakillik Avenue 225, 180100 Karshi, Uzbekistan
Arne Poyda
Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Biogeophysics,
University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff Str. 27, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Joachim Ingwersen
Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Biogeophysics,
University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff Str. 27, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Hans-Dieter Wizemann
Institute of Physics and Meteorology, Physics and Meteorology,
University of Hohenheim, Garben Str. 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Tobias K. D. Weber
Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Biogeophysics,
University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff Str. 27, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Pascal Kremer
Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Biogeophysics,
University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff Str. 27, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Petra Högy
Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, Plant Ecology and
Ecotoxicology, University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, 70593
Stuttgart, Germany
Alim Pulatov
EcoGIS center, Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural
Mechanization Engineers, Kary Niyoziy Str.39, 100000 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Thilo Streck
Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Biogeophysics,
University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff Str. 27, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
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Cited
31 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Unravelling groundwater contributions to evapotranspiration and constraining water fluxes in a high‐elevation catchment A. Ryken et al.
- Eddy covariance quantification of carbon and water dynamics in twin-row vs. single-row planted corn S. Anapalli et al.
- Evapotranspiration of Winter Wheat in the Semi-Arid Southeastern Loess Plateau Based on Multi-Source Satellite Data P. He et al.
- A Review of Methods for Data-Driven Irrigation in Modern Agricultural Systems M. Jenkins & D. Block
- Spatial patterns of evaporation in a small catchment P. Hogan et al.
- Evapotranspiration uncertainty at micrometeorological scales: the impact of the eddy covariance energy imbalance and correction methods N. Bambach et al.
- Evaluation of water flux predictive models developed using eddy-covariance observations and machine learning: a meta-analysis H. Shi et al.
- Estimating Crop Evapotranspiration in Data-Scare Regions: A Comparative Analysis of Eddy Covariance, Empirical and Remote-Sensing Approaches N. Cutting et al.
- Development of a Benchmark Eddy Flux Evapotranspiration Dataset for Evaluation of Satellite-Driven Evapotranspiration Models Over the CONUS J. Volk et al.
- Evaluation of modeled actual evapotranspiration estimates from a land surface, empirical and satellite-based models using in situ observations from a South African semi-arid savanna ecosystem F. Khosa et al.
- Modeling temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition: Splitting the pools M. Laub et al.
- Improving Land-Surface Model Simulations in Irrigated Areas by Incorporating Soil Moisture–Based Irrigation Estimates in Community Land Model M. Zohaib et al.
- A Bayesian sequential updating approach to predict phenology of silage maize M. Viswanathan et al.
- Hydrological Functioning of Maize Crops in Southwest France Using Eddy Covariance Measurements and a Land Surface Model O. Dare-Idowu et al.
- Assessing the discrepancy of energy fluxes over spring wheat under sloping topography conditions based on eddy covariance measurements J. Yao et al.
- Inducing Evapotranspiration Reduction in an Engineered Natural System to Manage Saltcedar in Riparian Areas of Arid Environments J. Solis et al.
- Micrometeorological measurements in an arid environment: Diurnal characteristics and surface energy balance closure N. Nelli et al.
- Surface energy balance and flux partitioning of annual crops in southwestern France O. Dare-Idowu et al.
- Eddy covariance assessment of alternate wetting and drying floodwater management on rice methane emissions S. Anapalli et al.
- Systematic underestimation of type-specific ecosystem process variability in the Community Land Model v5 over Europe C. Poppe Terán et al.
- The role of time averaging of eddy covariance fluxes on water use efficiency dynamics of maize A. Karimindla et al.
- The data-driven solution of energy imbalance-induced structural error in evapotranspiration models X. Hu et al.
- Combining Crop Modeling with Remote Sensing Data Using a Particle Filtering Technique to Produce Real-Time Forecasts of Winter Wheat Yields under Uncertain Boundary Conditions H. Zare et al.
- Altered energy partitioning across terrestrial ecosystems in the European drought year 2018 A. Graf et al.
- Stable gap-filling for longer eddy covariance data gaps: A globally validated machine-learning approach for carbon dioxide, water, and energy fluxes S. Zhu et al.
- Comparison between lower-cost and conventional eddy covariance setups for CO2 and evapotranspiration measurements above monocropping and agroforestry systems J. Callejas-Rodelas et al.
- Multi-site, multi-crop measurements in the soil–vegetation–atmosphere continuum: a comprehensive dataset from two climatically contrasting regions in southwestern Germany for the period 2009–2018 T. Weber et al.
- A novel approach for estimating evapotranspiration by considering topographic effects in radiation over mountainous terrain Y. Zhang et al.
- Denitrifiers and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Subtropical Vegetable Cropland S. Jhang et al.
- Spatial estimation of actual evapotranspiration over irrigated turfgrass using sUAS thermal and multispectral imagery and TSEB model K. Meza et al.
- The UFLUX ensemble of multiple-scale carbon, water, and energy fluxes S. Zhu et al.
31 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Unravelling groundwater contributions to evapotranspiration and constraining water fluxes in a high‐elevation catchment A. Ryken et al.
- Eddy covariance quantification of carbon and water dynamics in twin-row vs. single-row planted corn S. Anapalli et al.
- Evapotranspiration of Winter Wheat in the Semi-Arid Southeastern Loess Plateau Based on Multi-Source Satellite Data P. He et al.
- A Review of Methods for Data-Driven Irrigation in Modern Agricultural Systems M. Jenkins & D. Block
- Spatial patterns of evaporation in a small catchment P. Hogan et al.
- Evapotranspiration uncertainty at micrometeorological scales: the impact of the eddy covariance energy imbalance and correction methods N. Bambach et al.
- Evaluation of water flux predictive models developed using eddy-covariance observations and machine learning: a meta-analysis H. Shi et al.
- Estimating Crop Evapotranspiration in Data-Scare Regions: A Comparative Analysis of Eddy Covariance, Empirical and Remote-Sensing Approaches N. Cutting et al.
- Development of a Benchmark Eddy Flux Evapotranspiration Dataset for Evaluation of Satellite-Driven Evapotranspiration Models Over the CONUS J. Volk et al.
- Evaluation of modeled actual evapotranspiration estimates from a land surface, empirical and satellite-based models using in situ observations from a South African semi-arid savanna ecosystem F. Khosa et al.
- Modeling temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition: Splitting the pools M. Laub et al.
- Improving Land-Surface Model Simulations in Irrigated Areas by Incorporating Soil Moisture–Based Irrigation Estimates in Community Land Model M. Zohaib et al.
- A Bayesian sequential updating approach to predict phenology of silage maize M. Viswanathan et al.
- Hydrological Functioning of Maize Crops in Southwest France Using Eddy Covariance Measurements and a Land Surface Model O. Dare-Idowu et al.
- Assessing the discrepancy of energy fluxes over spring wheat under sloping topography conditions based on eddy covariance measurements J. Yao et al.
- Inducing Evapotranspiration Reduction in an Engineered Natural System to Manage Saltcedar in Riparian Areas of Arid Environments J. Solis et al.
- Micrometeorological measurements in an arid environment: Diurnal characteristics and surface energy balance closure N. Nelli et al.
- Surface energy balance and flux partitioning of annual crops in southwestern France O. Dare-Idowu et al.
- Eddy covariance assessment of alternate wetting and drying floodwater management on rice methane emissions S. Anapalli et al.
- Systematic underestimation of type-specific ecosystem process variability in the Community Land Model v5 over Europe C. Poppe Terán et al.
- The role of time averaging of eddy covariance fluxes on water use efficiency dynamics of maize A. Karimindla et al.
- The data-driven solution of energy imbalance-induced structural error in evapotranspiration models X. Hu et al.
- Combining Crop Modeling with Remote Sensing Data Using a Particle Filtering Technique to Produce Real-Time Forecasts of Winter Wheat Yields under Uncertain Boundary Conditions H. Zare et al.
- Altered energy partitioning across terrestrial ecosystems in the European drought year 2018 A. Graf et al.
- Stable gap-filling for longer eddy covariance data gaps: A globally validated machine-learning approach for carbon dioxide, water, and energy fluxes S. Zhu et al.
- Comparison between lower-cost and conventional eddy covariance setups for CO2 and evapotranspiration measurements above monocropping and agroforestry systems J. Callejas-Rodelas et al.
- Multi-site, multi-crop measurements in the soil–vegetation–atmosphere continuum: a comprehensive dataset from two climatically contrasting regions in southwestern Germany for the period 2009–2018 T. Weber et al.
- A novel approach for estimating evapotranspiration by considering topographic effects in radiation over mountainous terrain Y. Zhang et al.
- Denitrifiers and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Subtropical Vegetable Cropland S. Jhang et al.
- Spatial estimation of actual evapotranspiration over irrigated turfgrass using sUAS thermal and multispectral imagery and TSEB model K. Meza et al.
- The UFLUX ensemble of multiple-scale carbon, water, and energy fluxes S. Zhu et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 29 Apr 2026
Short summary
We compared the energy balance closure (EBC) under varying environmental conditions and investigated a wide range of possible reasons for the energy imbalance. As measures for the imbalance, we used ordinary linear regression, the energy balance ratio (EBR), and the energy residual. The EBR was also investigated as a function of buoyancy, friction velocity, and atmospheric stability. Moreover, the relationship between the EBC and flux source area or footprint was also investigated.
We compared the energy balance closure (EBC) under varying environmental conditions and...
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