Articles | Volume 17, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1583-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1583-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Carbon–nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation – Part 1: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling
Chris R. Flechard
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institut National de la Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), UMR 1069 SAS,
65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, 35042 Rennes, France
Andreas Ibrom
Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of
Denmark, Bygningstorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
Ute M. Skiba
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
Wim de Vries
Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis
Group, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
Marcel van Oijen
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
David R. Cameron
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
Nancy B. Dise
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
Janne F. J. Korhonen
Department of Agricultural Sciences,
Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Environmental Soil Science, P.O. Box 56, 00014 University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Forest Sciences,
Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, P.O. Box 27, 00014 University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Nina Buchmann
Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of
Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, LFW C56, Universitatstr. 2, 8092
Zurich, Switzerland
Arnaud Legout
Institut National de la Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), BEF, 54000 Nancy, France
David Simpson
EMEP MSC-W, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of
Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
Maria J. Sanz
Ikerbasque Foundation and Basque Centre for Climate Change, Sede Building 1, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, 48940, Leioa, Biscay, Spain
Marc Aubinet
TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech,
University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
Denis Loustau
Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Institut National de la Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), UMR ISPA, Villenave d'Ornon, 33140, France
Leonardo Montagnani
Forest Services, Autonomous Province of Bolzano, Via Brennero 6,
39100 Bolzano, Italy
Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano,
Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
Johan Neirynck
Environment and Climate, Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Gaverstraat 35,
9500 Geraardsbergen, Belgium
Ivan A. Janssens
Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Vegetation Ecology),
University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
Mari Pihlatie
Department of Agricultural Sciences,
Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Environmental Soil Science, P.O. Box 56, 00014 University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Forest Sciences,
Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, P.O. Box 27, 00014 University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Ralf Kiese
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Meteorology
and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU),
Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Jan Siemens
Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, iFZ Research Centre
for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University Giessen,
Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26–32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
André-Jean Francez
University of Rennes, CNRS, UMR6553 ECOBIO, Campus de Beaulieu, 263
avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
Jürgen Augustin
Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF),
Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
Andrej Varlagin
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy
of Sciences, 119071, Leninsky pr.33, Moscow, Russia
Janusz Olejnik
Department of Meteorology, Poznań University of Life Sciences,
Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznań, Poland
Department of Matter and Energy Fluxes, Global Change Research
Centre, AS CR, v.v.i. Belidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
Radosław Juszczak
Department of Ecology and
Environmental Protection, Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94,
60-649 Poznań, Poland
Mika Aurela
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Climate System Research, PL 503,
00101, Helsinki, Finland
Daniel Berveiller
Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS,
AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
Bogdan H. Chojnicki
Department of Ecology and
Environmental Protection, Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94,
60-649 Poznań, Poland
Ulrich Dämmgen
Weststrasse 5, 38162 Weddel, Germany
Nicolas Delpierre
Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS,
AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
Vesna Djuricic
Air Quality Department, Meteorological and Hydrological Service,
Gric 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Julia Drewer
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
Eric Dufrêne
Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS,
AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
Werner Eugster
Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of
Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, LFW C56, Universitatstr. 2, 8092
Zurich, Switzerland
Yannick Fauvel
Institut National de la Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), UMR 1069 SAS,
65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, 35042 Rennes, France
David Fowler
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
Arnoud Frumau
TNO, Environmental Modelling, Sensing and Analysis, Petten, the
Netherlands
André Granier
Institut National de la Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), UMR1434
Silva, Site de Nancy, Rue d'Amance, 54280 Champenoux, France
Patrick Gross
Institut National de la Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), UMR1434
Silva, Site de Nancy, Rue d'Amance, 54280 Champenoux, France
Yannick Hamon
Institut National de la Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), UMR 1069 SAS,
65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, 35042 Rennes, France
Carole Helfter
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
Arjan Hensen
TNO, Environmental Modelling, Sensing and Analysis, Petten, the
Netherlands
László Horváth
Greengrass – Atmospheric Environment Expert Ltd. fellowship,
Kornélia utca 14/a, 2030 Érd, Hungary
Barbara Kitzler
Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards
and Landscape, Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1131 Vienna, Austria
Bart Kruijt
Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700AA Wageningen,
the Netherlands
Werner L. Kutsch
Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS ERIC) Head Office, Erik
Palménin aukio 1, 00560 Helsinki, Finland
Raquel Lobo-do-Vale
Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia,
Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
Annalea Lohila
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty
of Science, P.O. Box 68, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Climate System Research, PL 503,
00101, Helsinki, Finland
Bernard Longdoz
Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Axe Echanges Ecosystèmes Atmosphère,
8, Avenue de la Faculté, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
Michal V. Marek
Global Change Research Institute, Academy of Sciences, Bělidla
4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
Giorgio Matteucci
National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Agriculture and
Forestry Systems in the Mediterranean (CNR-ISAFOM), Via Patacca, 85, 80056
Ercolano (NA), Italy
Marta Mitosinkova
Department of Air Quality, Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute,
Jeseniova 17, 83315 Bratislava, Slovakia
Virginie Moreaux
Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Institut National de la Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement (INRAE), UMR ISPA, Villenave d'Ornon, 33140, France
Institute for Geosciences and Environmental research (IGE), UMR 5001, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 38000 Grenoble, France
Albrecht Neftel
NRE, Oberwohlenstrasse 27, 3033 Wohlen bei Bern, Switzerland
Jean-Marc Ourcival
CEFE, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3,
EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
Kim Pilegaard
Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of
Denmark, Bygningstorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
Gabriel Pita
Mechanical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico
(Technical University of Lisbon), Ave. Rovisco Pais, IST, 1049-001 Lisbon,
Portugal
Francisco Sanz
Fundación CEAM, C/Charles R. Darwin, 46980 Paterna (Valencia),
Spain
Jan K. Schjoerring
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science,
University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
Maria-Teresa Sebastià
Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Global Change (ECOFUN), Forest
Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Carretera de Sant
Llorenç de Morunys, 25280 Solsona, Spain
Group GAMES & Department of Horticulture, Botany and Landscaping,
School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering, University of
Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
Y. Sim Tang
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
Hilde Uggerud
Norsk institutt for luftforskning, Postboks 100, 2027 Kjeller,
Norway
Marek Urbaniak
Department of Meteorology, Poznań University of Life Sciences,
Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznań, Poland
Netty van Dijk
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
Timo Vesala
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty
of Science, P.O. Box 68, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Forest Sciences,
Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, P.O. Box 27, 00014 University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Sonja Vidic
Air Quality Department, Meteorological and Hydrological Service,
Gric 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Caroline Vincke
Earth and Life Institute (Environmental sciences), Université
catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Tamás Weidinger
Department of Meteorology, Eötvös Loránd University,
1117 Budapest Pázmány Péter s. 1/A, Hungary
Sophie Zechmeister-Boltenstern
Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research,
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter Jordan Str.
82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Meteorology
and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU),
Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Eiko Nemitz
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
Mark A. Sutton
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UK CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
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24 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Water table depth, experimental warming, and reduced precipitation impact on litter decomposition in a temperate Sphagnum-peatland K. Górecki et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145452
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- Increasing complexity in Aerodynamic Gradient flux calculations inside the roughness sublayer applied on a two-year dataset E. Melman et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110107
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- Satellite-derived leaf area index and roughness length information for surface–atmosphere exchange modelling: a case study for reactive nitrogen deposition in north-western Europe using LOTOS-EUROS v2.0 S. van der Graaf et al. 10.5194/gmd-13-2451-2020
- The three major axes of terrestrial ecosystem function M. Migliavacca et al. 10.1038/s41586-021-03939-9
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23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Soil CH4 and N2O response diminishes during decadal soil warming in a temperate mountain forest J. Heinzle et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109287
- What happens to trees and soils during five decades of experimental nitrogen loading? P. Högberg et al. 10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121644
- Temperature and leaf form drive contrasting sensitivity to nitrogen deposition across European forests H. Vallicrosa et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176904
- Nitrogen deposition shows no consistent negative nor positive effect on the response of forest productivity to drought across European FLUXNET forest sites S. van der Graaf et al. 10.1088/2515-7620/ac2b7d
- Soil solution in Swiss forest stands: A 20 year's time series S. Braun et al. 10.1371/journal.pone.0227530
- Revisiting and attributing the global controls over terrestrial ecosystem functions of climate and plant traits at FLUXNET sites via causal graphical models H. Shi et al. 10.5194/bg-20-2727-2023
- Detection and attribution of an anomaly in terrestrial photosynthesis in Europe during the COVID-19 lockdown A. Tang et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166149
- Forest–atmosphere exchange of reactive nitrogen in a remote region – Part II: Modeling annual budgets P. Wintjen et al. 10.5194/bg-19-5287-2022
- Joint optimization of land carbon uptake and albedo can help achieve moderate instantaneous and long-term cooling effects A. Graf et al. 10.1038/s43247-023-00958-4
- Canopy nitrogen application effects on Quercus petraea L. and Fagus sylvatica L. ring width and wood density D. Minikaev et al. 10.1007/s10342-024-01693-x
- Water table depth, experimental warming, and reduced precipitation impact on litter decomposition in a temperate Sphagnum-peatland K. Górecki et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145452
- Pan-European rural monitoring network shows dominance of NH<sub>3</sub> gas and NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> aerosol in inorganic atmospheric pollution load Y. Tang et al. 10.5194/acp-21-875-2021
- Carbon–nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation – Part 2: Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials C. Flechard et al. 10.5194/bg-17-1621-2020
- Forest–atmosphere exchange of reactive nitrogen in a remote region – Part I: Measuring temporal dynamics P. Wintjen et al. 10.5194/bg-19-389-2022
- The information system of the French Peatland Observation Service: Service National d'Observation Tourbières – A valuable tool to assess the impact of global changes on the hydrology and biogeochemistry of temperate peatlands through long term monitoring S. Gogo et al. 10.1002/hyp.14244
- Disentangling effects of natural and anthropogenic drivers on forest net ecosystem production Y. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156326
- Increasing complexity in Aerodynamic Gradient flux calculations inside the roughness sublayer applied on a two-year dataset E. Melman et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110107
- Leaf-level coordination principles propagate to the ecosystem scale U. Gomarasca et al. 10.1038/s41467-023-39572-5
- Long-term nitrogen addition raises the annual carbon sink of a boreal forest to a new steady-state P. Zhao et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109112
- Critical soil moisture thresholds of plant water stress in terrestrial ecosystems Z. Fu et al. 10.1126/sciadv.abq7827
- Substantial contribution of tree canopy nitrifiers to nitrogen fluxes in European forests R. Guerrieri et al. 10.1038/s41561-023-01364-3
- Satellite-derived leaf area index and roughness length information for surface–atmosphere exchange modelling: a case study for reactive nitrogen deposition in north-western Europe using LOTOS-EUROS v2.0 S. van der Graaf et al. 10.5194/gmd-13-2451-2020
- The three major axes of terrestrial ecosystem function M. Migliavacca et al. 10.1038/s41586-021-03939-9
Latest update: 20 Nov 2024
Short summary
Experimental evidence from a network of 40 monitoring sites in Europe suggests that atmospheric nitrogen deposition to forests and other semi-natural vegetation impacts the carbon sequestration rates in ecosystems, as well as the net greenhouse gas balance including other greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide and methane. Excess nitrogen deposition in polluted areas also leads to other environmental impacts such as nitrogen leaching to groundwater and other pollutant gaseous emissions.
Experimental evidence from a network of 40 monitoring sites in Europe suggests that atmospheric...
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