Articles | Volume 20, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4413-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4413-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Enhanced Southern Ocean CO2 outgassing as a result of stronger and poleward shifted southern hemispheric westerlies
Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
The Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Paul Spence
The Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies and Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Andrew E. Kiss
Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Canberra, Australia
Matthew A. Chamberlain
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies and Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Australia
Hakase Hayashida
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies and Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Application Laboratory, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
Matthew H. England
The Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Centre for Marine Science and Innovation (CMSI), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Darryn Waugh
School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
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Cited
8 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Southern Ocean CO2 outgassing and nutrient load reduced by a well-ventilated glacial North Pacific M. Shankle et al. 10.1038/s41467-025-63774-8
- Interannual variability of air-sea CO2 exchange in the Northern Yellow Sea and its underlying mechanisms J. Lv et al. 10.3389/fmars.2024.1412798
- Seawater oxygen isotopes as a tool for monitoring future meltwater from the Antarctic ice-sheet H. Kim & A. Timmermann 10.1038/s43247-024-01514-4
- Southern Ocean drives multidecadal atmospheric CO 2 rise during Heinrich Stadials K. Wendt et al. 10.1073/pnas.2319652121
- The Heat and Carbon Characteristics of Modeled Mesoscale Eddies in the South–East Atlantic Ocean T. Smith et al. 10.1029/2023JC020337
- Southern Ocean circulation’s impact on atmospheric CO2 concentration L. Menviel & P. Spence 10.3389/fmars.2023.1328534
- Poleward Shift in the Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds Synchronous With the Deglacial Rise in CO2 W. Gray et al. 10.1029/2023PA004666
- Anomalous Nutricline Drives Marked Biogeochemical Contrasts During the Kuroshio Large Meander H. Hayashida et al. 10.1029/2023JC019697
4 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Southern Ocean CO2 outgassing and nutrient load reduced by a well-ventilated glacial North Pacific M. Shankle et al. 10.1038/s41467-025-63774-8
- Interannual variability of air-sea CO2 exchange in the Northern Yellow Sea and its underlying mechanisms J. Lv et al. 10.3389/fmars.2024.1412798
- Seawater oxygen isotopes as a tool for monitoring future meltwater from the Antarctic ice-sheet H. Kim & A. Timmermann 10.1038/s43247-024-01514-4
- Southern Ocean drives multidecadal atmospheric CO 2 rise during Heinrich Stadials K. Wendt et al. 10.1073/pnas.2319652121
4 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The Heat and Carbon Characteristics of Modeled Mesoscale Eddies in the South–East Atlantic Ocean T. Smith et al. 10.1029/2023JC020337
- Southern Ocean circulation’s impact on atmospheric CO2 concentration L. Menviel & P. Spence 10.3389/fmars.2023.1328534
- Poleward Shift in the Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds Synchronous With the Deglacial Rise in CO2 W. Gray et al. 10.1029/2023PA004666
- Anomalous Nutricline Drives Marked Biogeochemical Contrasts During the Kuroshio Large Meander H. Hayashida et al. 10.1029/2023JC019697
Latest update: 15 Oct 2025
Short summary
As the ocean absorbs 25% of the anthropogenic emissions of carbon, it is important to understand the impact of climate change on the flux of carbon between the ocean and the atmosphere. Here, we use a very high-resolution ocean, sea-ice, carbon cycle model to show that the capability of the Southern Ocean to uptake CO2 has decreased over the last 40 years due to a strengthening and poleward shift of the southern hemispheric westerlies. This trend is expected to continue over the coming century.
As the ocean absorbs 25% of the anthropogenic emissions of carbon, it is important to understand...
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