Articles | Volume 21, issue 15
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3571-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3571-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Compound soil and atmospheric drought (CSAD) events and CO2 fluxes of a mixed deciduous forest: the occurrence, impact, and temporal contribution of main drivers
Liliana Scapucci
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
Ankit Shekhar
Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
Sergio Aranda-Barranco
Department of Ecology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
Anastasiia Bolshakova
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
Lukas Hörtnagl
Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
Mana Gharun
Faculty of Geosciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Nina Buchmann
Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Cited
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Seasonal dynamics and climatic drivers of net ecosystem productivity in tropical forests of Hainan Island B. Zheng & R. Yu https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ae66cd
- Abnormal spring climate and greener amplify impacts on ecosystem productivity and evapotranspiration under extreme summer drought S. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108547
- Seasonal dynamics and sun/shade heterogeneity of leaf gas exchange and VOC emissions inside a tall temperate forest canopy S. Dumberger et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpag111
- Disentangling competition for light from remaining competition aspects in European beech forests K. Kröner et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123356
- Recurrent hot droughts cause persistent legacy effects in a temperate Scots Pine forest S. Haberstroh et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70066
- Extreme compound soil–atmospheric drought amplifies ecosystem productivity risk in China X. Xin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-026-15587-5
- Soil and forest floor respiration already acclimated to increasing temperatures in a mixed deciduous forest L. Scapucci et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-025-00639-4
- Divergence between in situ and satellite-based estimates of forest canopy water content J. Kesselring et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.115097
- Carbon dioxide fluxes of two differently managed sites in a former Scots pine plantation in response to widespread drought mortality M. Sulzer et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111398
- Deep learning-based identification of environmental memory effects on the gross primary productivity of alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Q. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-025-00648-3
- Photosynthetic optimum temperature plays a minor role in the increase of terrestrial carbon uptake from 2000 to 2019 C. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2026.101703
- Forest under stress: responses and recovery of water relations across scales during the compound drought in summer 2022 A. Shekhar et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.71516
- Drivers of northern peatland CO2 fluxes revisited: interacting water level-temperature dependency N. Behrens et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-77456-6
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Seasonal dynamics and climatic drivers of net ecosystem productivity in tropical forests of Hainan Island B. Zheng & R. Yu https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ae66cd
- Abnormal spring climate and greener amplify impacts on ecosystem productivity and evapotranspiration under extreme summer drought S. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108547
- Seasonal dynamics and sun/shade heterogeneity of leaf gas exchange and VOC emissions inside a tall temperate forest canopy S. Dumberger et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpag111
- Disentangling competition for light from remaining competition aspects in European beech forests K. Kröner et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123356
- Recurrent hot droughts cause persistent legacy effects in a temperate Scots Pine forest S. Haberstroh et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70066
- Extreme compound soil–atmospheric drought amplifies ecosystem productivity risk in China X. Xin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-026-15587-5
- Soil and forest floor respiration already acclimated to increasing temperatures in a mixed deciduous forest L. Scapucci et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-025-00639-4
- Divergence between in situ and satellite-based estimates of forest canopy water content J. Kesselring et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.115097
- Carbon dioxide fluxes of two differently managed sites in a former Scots pine plantation in response to widespread drought mortality M. Sulzer et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111398
- Deep learning-based identification of environmental memory effects on the gross primary productivity of alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Q. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-025-00648-3
- Photosynthetic optimum temperature plays a minor role in the increase of terrestrial carbon uptake from 2000 to 2019 C. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2026.101703
- Forest under stress: responses and recovery of water relations across scales during the compound drought in summer 2022 A. Shekhar et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.71516
- Drivers of northern peatland CO2 fluxes revisited: interacting water level-temperature dependency N. Behrens et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-77456-6
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 08 Oct 2026
Short summary
Forests face increased exposure to “compound soil and atmospheric drought” (CSAD) events due to global warming. We examined the impacts and drivers of CO2 fluxes during CSAD events at multiple layers of a deciduous forest over 18 years. Results showed reduced net ecosystem productivity and forest-floor respiration during CSAD events, mainly driven by soil and atmospheric drought. This unpredictability in forest CO2 fluxes jeopardises reforestation projects aimed at mitigating CO2 emissions.
Forests face increased exposure to “compound soil and atmospheric drought” (CSAD) events due to...
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