Articles | Volume 22, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-405-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-405-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Growth response of Emiliania huxleyi to ocean alkalinity enhancement
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24148 Kiel, Germany
Mathias Haunost
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24148 Kiel, Germany
Allanah Joy Paul
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24148 Kiel, Germany
Anne Ulrike Christiane Tietz
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24148 Kiel, Germany
Ulf Riebesell
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24148 Kiel, Germany
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Cited
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Engineering and Biological Mechanisms of Microalgal CO2 Fixation: A Review from Molecular Regulation to System Optimization Z. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14050999
- Removal of dissolved inorganic carbon from seawater for climate mitigation: potential marine ecosystem impacts G. Hooper et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2025.1528951
- Synergy of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement with Biological Carbon Pump for Marine CO2 Removal in the Coastal Ecosystem with Oysters S. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c09225
- Determining the net influence of biological processes on aqueous hydroxide-based ocean alkalinity enhancement: a mesocosm approach D. Fucich et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2025.1652680
- Alkaline mineral dissolution can impair embryonic development in the Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas), raising caution for ocean alkalinity enhancement F. Pernet et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsag011
- Spain's realistic potential for ocean alkalinity enhancement: Carbon dioxide removal through industrial integration S. Foteinis et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.149298
- Resilience of the gelatinous zooplankton species Oikopleura dioica to ocean alkalinity enhancement A. Bhaumik et al. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0344503
- Surface area and Ω-aragonite oversaturation as controls of the runaway precipitation process in ocean alkalinity enhancement N. Suitner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-3965-2026
- Effects of pH-equilibrated ocean alkalinization on macro-benthic calcifiers: A mesocosm study from the port of La Spezia (Italy) D. Calvi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.120198
- Alkalinity enhancement with sodium hydroxide in coastal ocean waters C. Wynn-Edwards et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-31606-w
- Ocean alkalinity enhancement in a coastal channel: simulating localised dispersion, carbon sequestration and ecosystem impact H. Anderson et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/adce5a
- Effects of ocean alkalinity enhancement on plankton in the Equatorial Pacific J. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02248-7
- Abrupt alkalinization alters microbial diversity and promotes the proliferation of marine parasites in coastal microcosm experiments J. Gately et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsag063
- Interactions between ocean alkalinity enhancement and phytoplankton in an Earth system model M. Seifert et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-5897-2025
- The impact of NaOH, CaO, and [Ca2+] + [HCO3−] additions on PIC and POC formation in Los Angeles Harbor Waters R. Wani et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-5625-2026
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Engineering and Biological Mechanisms of Microalgal CO2 Fixation: A Review from Molecular Regulation to System Optimization Z. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14050999
- Removal of dissolved inorganic carbon from seawater for climate mitigation: potential marine ecosystem impacts G. Hooper et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2025.1528951
- Synergy of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement with Biological Carbon Pump for Marine CO2 Removal in the Coastal Ecosystem with Oysters S. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c09225
- Determining the net influence of biological processes on aqueous hydroxide-based ocean alkalinity enhancement: a mesocosm approach D. Fucich et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2025.1652680
- Alkaline mineral dissolution can impair embryonic development in the Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas), raising caution for ocean alkalinity enhancement F. Pernet et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsag011
- Spain's realistic potential for ocean alkalinity enhancement: Carbon dioxide removal through industrial integration S. Foteinis et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.149298
- Resilience of the gelatinous zooplankton species Oikopleura dioica to ocean alkalinity enhancement A. Bhaumik et al. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0344503
- Surface area and Ω-aragonite oversaturation as controls of the runaway precipitation process in ocean alkalinity enhancement N. Suitner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-3965-2026
- Effects of pH-equilibrated ocean alkalinization on macro-benthic calcifiers: A mesocosm study from the port of La Spezia (Italy) D. Calvi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.120198
- Alkalinity enhancement with sodium hydroxide in coastal ocean waters C. Wynn-Edwards et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-31606-w
- Ocean alkalinity enhancement in a coastal channel: simulating localised dispersion, carbon sequestration and ecosystem impact H. Anderson et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/adce5a
- Effects of ocean alkalinity enhancement on plankton in the Equatorial Pacific J. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02248-7
- Abrupt alkalinization alters microbial diversity and promotes the proliferation of marine parasites in coastal microcosm experiments J. Gately et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsag063
- Interactions between ocean alkalinity enhancement and phytoplankton in an Earth system model M. Seifert et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-5897-2025
- The impact of NaOH, CaO, and [Ca2+] + [HCO3−] additions on PIC and POC formation in Los Angeles Harbor Waters R. Wani et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-5625-2026
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 17 Sep 2026
Editorial statement
The authors show the effects of elevated seawater pH and alkalinity on the ecophysiology (i.e., growth rate and cellular particulate inorganic and organic carbon) of marine ubiquitous calcifying coccolithophore species Emiliania huxleyi through laboratory experiments to discuss the ecological implications of ocean alkalinity enhancement, a key strategy of marine carbon dioxide removal.
The authors show the effects of elevated seawater pH and alkalinity on the ecophysiology (i.e.,...
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is being evaluated for its capacity to absorb atmospheric CO2 in the ocean and store it long term to mitigate climate change. As researchers plan for field tests to gain insights into OAE, sharing knowledge on its environmental impact on marine ecosystems is urgent. Our study examined NaOH-induced OAE in Emiliania huxleyi, a key coccolithophore species, and found that the added total alkalinity (ΔTA) should stay below 600 µmol kg⁻¹ to avoid negative impacts.
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is being evaluated for its capacity to absorb atmospheric CO2...
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