This manuscript demonstrates that a mass-based (inertial) framework is essential to the correct definition of diffusive transport, and therefore for defining Ficks first law. It invalidates the molar-based framework used by Roderick and Shakespeare (2025) to identify the contribution of the Soret effect (mass transport due to a temperature gradient) to open-water evaporation.

Humidification of air reduces the abundances of dry-air gas components such as oxygen, explaining why tropical humidity can be "stifling". This is overlooked due to the common expression of gas concentrations as fractions of dry air. Such neglect of water vapour also masks the key role of its sources and sinks in activating transport mechanisms of other gases. Humidity should be quantified whenever reporting gas concentrations.

This study investigated soil respiration and the main factors involved in a semi-arid environment (olive grove). For this purpose, 1 year's worth of automatic multi-chamber measurements was used, accompanied by ecosystem respiration data obtained using the eddy covariance technique. The soil respiration annual balance, Q₁₀ parameter, rain pulses, and spatial and temporal variability of soil respiration are presented in this paper.

Inland saline lakes are crucial in the global carbon cycle, but increased droughts may alter their carbon exchange capacity. We measured CO₂ and CH₄ fluxes in a Mediterranean saline lake using the eddy covariance method under dry and wet conditions. We found the lake acts as a carbon sink during wet periods but not during droughts. These results highlight the importance of saline lakes in carbon sequestration and their vulnerability to climate-change-induced droughts.