100 citations as recorded by crossref.

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5. Optimal carbon partitioning helps reconcile the apparent divergence between optimal and observed canopy profiles of photosynthetic capacity T. Buckley https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17199
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7. Simulating forest productivity along a neotropical elevational transect: temperature variation and carbon use efficiency T. Marthews et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02728.x
8. Why does leaf nitrogen decline within tree canopies less rapidly than light? An explanation from optimization subject to a lower bound on leaf mass per area R. Dewar et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps044
9. Thermal sensitivity across forest vertical profiles: patterns, mechanisms, and ecological implications N. Vinod et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18539
10. What does optimization theory actually predict about crown profiles of photosynthetic capacity when models incorporate greater realism? T. BUCKLEY et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12091
11. Modelling climate change responses in tropical forests: similar productivity estimates across five models, but different mechanisms and responses L. Rowland et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1097-2015
12. Linking plant hydraulics and the fast–slow continuum to understand resilience to drought in tropical ecosystems R. Oliveira et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17266
13. Using a Bottom-Up Approach to Scale Leaf Photosynthetic Traits of Oil Palm, Rubber, and Two Coexisting Tropical Woody Species A. Ali et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12030359
14. Vertical canopy gradients of respiration drive plant carbon budgets and leaf area index J. Needham et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20423
15. Within‐individual leaf trait response to local light availability and biodiversity in a subtropical forest experiment T. Proß et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.70160
16. Studying the impact of biomass burning aerosol radiative and climate effects on the Amazon rainforest productivity with an Earth system model F. Malavelle et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1301-2019
17. Leaf-trait variation explained by the hypothesis that plants maximize their canopy carbon export over the lifespan of leaves R. McMurtrie & R. Dewar https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpr037
18. Co-optimal distribution of leaf nitrogen and hydraulic conductance in plant canopies M. Peltoniemi et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps023
19. The effect of the vertical gradients of photosynthetic parameters on the CO2 assimilation and transpiration of a Panamanian tropical forest J. Lamour et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18901
20. Wide variation in the suboptimal distribution of photosynthetic capacity in relation to light across genotypes of wheat W. Salter et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plaa039
21. The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description – Part 2: Carbon fluxes and vegetation dynamics D. Clark et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-701-2011
22. Edaphic, structural and physiological contrasts across Amazon Basin forest–savanna ecotones suggest a role for potassium as a key modulator of tropical woody vegetation structure and function J. Lloyd et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6529-2015
23. Improved modeling of canopy transpiration for temperate forests by incorporating a LAI-based dynamic parametrization scheme of stomatal slope J. Jin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109157
24. Impacts of Degradation on Water, Energy, and Carbon Cycling of the Amazon Tropical Forests M. Longo et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005677
25. Is stomatal conductance optimized over both time and space in plant crowns? A field test in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) T. BUCKLEY et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12343
26. The validity of optimal leaf traits modelled on environmental conditions K. Bloomfield et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15495
27. Improving modeling of the 'dark part' of canopy carbon gain U. Niinemets https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpu030
28. Understanding the impact of plant competition on the coupling between vegetation and the atmosphere M. van Loon et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JG003108
29. Branching, nitrogen distribution, and carbon gain in solitary plants of an annual herb, Xanthium canadense N. Osada https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-013-0270-2
30. Height-related changes in leaf photosynthetic traits in diverse Bornean tropical rain forest trees T. Kenzo et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-3126-0
31. Canopy nitrogen distribution is optimized to prevent photoinhibition throughout the canopy during sun flecks M. Kitao et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18766-0
32. How light competition between plants affects their response to climate change M. van Loon et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12865
33. A worldwide analysis of within‐canopy variations in leaf structural, chemical and physiological traits across plant functional types Ü. Niinemets et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13096
34. Using terrestrial laser scanning to constrain forest ecosystem structure and functions in the Ecosystem Demography model (ED2.2) F. Meunier et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4783-2022
35. Basin-wide variations in Amazon forest structure and function are mediated by both soils and climate C. Quesada et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2203-2012
36. Implications of incorporating N cycling and N limitations on primary production in an individual-based dynamic vegetation model B. Smith et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2027-2014
37. An evolutionary game of leaf dynamics and its consequences for canopy structure K. Hikosaka et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02042.x
38. The Leaf Economics Spectrum Constrains Phenotypic Plasticity Across a Light Gradient X. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00735
39. Optimization of foliage photosynthetic capacity in tree canopies: towards identifying missing constraints U. Niinemets https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps045
40. The productivity, metabolism and carbon cycle of two lowland tropical forest plots in south-western Amazonia, Peru Y. Malhi et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17550874.2013.820805
41. Covariance of Sun and Shade Leaf Traits Along a Tropical Forest Elevation Gradient R. Martin et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01810
42. Moving beyond the incorrect but useful paradigm: reevaluating big-leaf and multilayer plant canopies to model biosphere-atmosphere fluxes – a review G. Bonan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108435
43. A machine learning approach targeting parameter estimation for plant functional type coexistence modeling using ELM-FATES (v2.0) L. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4017-2023
44. Height-diameter allometry of tropical forest trees T. Feldpausch et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-1081-2011
45. The impact of hurricane disturbances on a tropical forest: implementing a palm plant functional type and hurricane disturbance module in ED2-HuDi V1.0 J. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5107-2022
46. Scaling leaf respiration with nitrogen and phosphorus in tropical forests across two continents L. Rowland et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13992
47. Daytime water and CO2 exchange within and above the Amazon rainforest R. González-Armas et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110621
48. Variations of leaf longevity in tropical moist forests predicted by a trait‐driven carbon optimality model X. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12804
49. Tree size-dependent effects of tree diversity on aboveground biomass during development in subtropical coniferous forests Y. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-025-00388-z
50. Basin-wide variations in Amazon forest nitrogen-cycling characteristics as inferred from plant and soil15N:14N measurements G. Nardoto et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17550874.2013.807524
51. Variations in Amazon forest productivity correlated with foliar nutrients and modelled rates of photosynthetic carbon supply L. Mercado et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0045
52. The phenology of leaf quality and its within‐canopy variation is essential for accurate modeling of photosynthesis in tropical evergreen forests J. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13725
53. Rising CO2 and warming reduce global canopy demand for nitrogen N. Dong et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18076
54. Optimality of nitrogen distribution among leaves in plant canopies K. Hikosaka https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-016-0824-1
55. Partitioning global land evapotranspiration using CMIP5 models constrained by observations X. Lian et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0207-9
56. Leaf nitrogen distribution in relation to crown architecture in the tall canopy species, Fagus crenata N. Osada et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-2966-y
57. Tragedies and Crops: Understanding Natural Selection To Improve Cropping Systems N. Anten & P. Vermeulen https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2016.02.010
58. Productivity and carbon allocation in a tropical montane cloud forest in the Peruvian Andes C. Girardin et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17550874.2013.820222
59. Analysing Amazonian forest productivity using a new individual and trait-based model (TFS v.1) N. Fyllas et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1251-2014
60. Sensitivity of plants to changing atmospheric CO2 concentration: from the geological past to the next century P. Franks et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12104
61. Differential nutrient limitation and tree height control leaf physiology, supporting niche partitioning in tropical dipterocarp forests D. Bartholomew et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14094
62. Coupling of Phosphorus Processes With Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles in the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model: Model Structure, Parameterization, and Evaluation in Tropical Forests Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002123
63. Vegetation distribution and terrestrial carbon cycle in a carbon cycle configuration of JULES4.6 with new plant functional types A. Harper et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-2857-2018
64. A Comparison of Simulated and Field-Derived Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Canopy Height Values from Four Forest Complexes in the Southeastern USA J. Iiames et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9010026
65. TROLL 4.0: representing water and carbon fluxes, leaf phenology, and intraspecific trait variation in a mixed-species individual-based forest dynamics model – Part 1: Model description I. Maréchaux et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-5143-2025
66. Rapid estimation of photosynthetic leaf traits of tropical plants in diverse environmental conditions using reflectance spectroscopy J. Lamour et al. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258791
67. Variations in Leaf Photosynthetic and Morphological Traits with Tree Height in Various Tree Species in a Cambodian Tropical Dry Evergreen Forest T. KENZO et al. https://doi.org/10.6090/jarq.46.167
68. Crescimento e eficiência fotossintética de uso do nitrogênio e fósforo em espécies florestais da Amazônia na fase juvenil K. Mendes et al. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-67622013000400014
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71. Deriving Plant Functional Types for Amazonian forests for use in vegetation dynamics models N. Fyllas et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2011.11.001
72. Biogeographic variation in evergreen conifer needle longevity and impacts on boreal forest carbon cycle projections P. Reich et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1216054110
73. Contrasting photosynthetic characteristics of forest vs. savanna species (Far North Queensland, Australia) K. Bloomfield et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-7331-2014
74. Modeling stomatal conductance in the earth system: linking leaf water-use efficiency and water transport along the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum G. Bonan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2193-2014
75. A roadmap for improving the representation of photosynthesis in Earth system models A. Rogers et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14283
76. Foliar Stoichiometry is Marginally Sensitive to Soil Phosphorus Across a Lowland Tropical Rainforest A. Massmann et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-021-00640-w
77. Benchmarking and parameter sensitivity of physiological and vegetation dynamics using the Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator (FATES) at Barro Colorado Island, Panama C. Koven et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3017-2020
78. Seasonal and height-related changes in leaf morphological and photosynthetic traits of two dipterocarp species in a dry deciduous forest in Cambodia T. Kenzo et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17550874.2016.1262472
79. Foliar trait contrasts between African forest and savanna trees: genetic versus environmental effects F. Schrodt et al. https://doi.org/10.1071/FP14040
80. Carbon dioxide balance in early-successional forests after forest fires in interior Alaska M. Ueyama et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.05.020
81. Improving simulated Amazon forest biomass and productivity by including spatial variation in biophysical parameters A. Castanho et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2255-2013
82. The biophysics, ecology, and biogeochemistry of functionally diverse, vertically and horizontally heterogeneous ecosystems: the Ecosystem Demography model, version 2.2 – Part 1: Model description M. Longo et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4309-2019
83. Inferring CO2 fertilization effect based on global monitoring land-atmosphere exchange with a theoretical model M. Ueyama et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab79e5
84. Photosynthetic traits scale linearly with relative height within the canopy in an African tropical forest T. Sibret et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70076
85. Field evidences for the positive effects of aerosols on tree growth X. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14339
86. Detecting Growth Phase Shifts Based on Leaf Trait Variation of a Canopy Dipterocarp Tree Species (Parashorea chinensis) Y. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11111145
87. Changes in leaf physiognomy of New Zealand woody assemblages in response to Neogene environmental cooling T. Reichgelt et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12980
88. Regional‐Scale Wilting Point Estimation Using Satellite SIF, Radiative‐Transfer Inversion, and Soil‐Vegetation‐Atmosphere Transfer Simulation: A Grassland Study T. Kiyono et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JG007074
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91. Responses of leaf traits to climatic gradients: adaptive variation versus compositional shifts T. Meng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5339-2015
92. A whole-plant functional scheme predicting the early growth of tropical tree species: evidence from 15 tree species in Central Africa A. Mirabel et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-018-1795-8
93. Effects of leaf age and canopy structure on gross ecosystem production in a subtropical evergreen Chinese fir forest Q. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108618
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98. Leaf- and ecosystem-scale photosynthetic parameters for the overstory and understory of boreal forests in interior Alaska M. UEYAMA et al. https://doi.org/10.2480/agrmet.D-17-00031
99. Coordination of physiological and structural traits in Amazon forest trees S. Patiño et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-775-2012
100. Weak vertical canopy gradients of photosynthetic capacities and stomatal responses in a fertile Norway spruce stand L. Tarvainen et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-013-2703-y