Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-249
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-249
03 Jan 2023
 | 03 Jan 2023
Status: this preprint was under review for the journal BG but the revision was not accepted.

Modelling the interactive effects of viral presence and global warming on Baltic Sea ecosystem dynamics

Shubham Krishna, Victoria Peterson, Luisa Listmann, and Jana Hinners

Abstract. Marine viruses have been identified as key players in biogeochemical cycles and in the termination of phytoplankton blooms; however, most models of biogeochemical processes have yet to resolve viral dynamics. Here, we incorporate a viral component into a 1D ecosystem model for the Baltic Sea to explore the influence of viruses on ecosystem dynamics under current and future climatic conditions. Virus host interactions and zooplankton grazing were mechanistically described through size-based contact rates. The model demonstrated that the presence of viruses increased nutrient retention in the upper water column. This corresponded to a reduction in phytoplankton biomass, production of dead organic matter and transfer of biomass to higher trophic levels. Viral presence played a key role in deeper water layers, near the thermocline. While warming alone reversed these trends, the combination of warming and viral presence enhanced the effect of viruses. Our results illustrate that marine ecosystem models need to incorporate viral dynamics to better predict system responses to climate change.

Publisher's note: Copernicus Publications remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims made in the text, published maps, institutional affiliations, or any other geographical representation in this preprint. The responsibility to include appropriate place names lies with the authors.
Shubham Krishna, Victoria Peterson, Luisa Listmann, and Jana Hinners

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on bg-2022-249', Anonymous Referee #1, 16 Jan 2023
    • CC1: 'Reply on RC1', Jana Hinners, 30 Jan 2023
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC1', Shubham Krishna, 15 Feb 2023
  • RC2: 'Comment on bg-2022-249', Anonymous Referee #2, 23 Jan 2023

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on bg-2022-249', Anonymous Referee #1, 16 Jan 2023
    • CC1: 'Reply on RC1', Jana Hinners, 30 Jan 2023
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC1', Shubham Krishna, 15 Feb 2023
  • RC2: 'Comment on bg-2022-249', Anonymous Referee #2, 23 Jan 2023
Shubham Krishna, Victoria Peterson, Luisa Listmann, and Jana Hinners
Shubham Krishna, Victoria Peterson, Luisa Listmann, and Jana Hinners

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Short summary
Marine viruses have been identified as key players in biogeochemical cycles and in the termination of phytoplankton bloom. In this study, we apply a coupled model system to investigate the role viruses in Baltic Sea ecosystem and how it will change with the climate change. According to our results, presence of viruses increased nutrient retention in the upper water column and reduced the transfer of organic matter to higher trophic levels. Future warming is expected to elevate these effects.
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