Evaluating the ocean biogeochemical components of Earth system models using atmospheric potential oxygen and ocean color data

Nevison, C. D.; Manizza, M.; Keeling, R. F.; Kahru, M.; Bopp, L.; Dunne, J.; Tiputra, J.; Ilyina, T.; Mitchell, B. G.

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-193-2015

Articles | Volume 12, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-193-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Special issue:

9th International Carbon Dioxide Conference (ICDC9) (ESD/ACP/AMT/BG...

https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-193-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 12, issue 1

Research article

|

12 Jan 2015

Research article |

| 12 Jan 2015

Evaluating the ocean biogeochemical components of Earth system models using atmospheric potential oxygen and ocean color data

C. D. Nevison, M. Manizza, R. F. Keeling, M. Kahru, L. Bopp, J. Dunne, J. Tiputra, T. Ilyina, and B. G. Mitchell

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Views and downloads (calculated since 11 Jun 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2014	73	48	1	122
Jul 2014	48	28	1	77
Aug 2014	15	22	1	38
Sep 2014	25	108	4	137
Oct 2014	10	11	2	23
Nov 2014	12	8	1	21
Dec 2014	29	31	1	61
Jan 2015	138	96	2	236
Feb 2015	41	29	0	70
Mar 2015	29	17	1	47
Apr 2015	29	20	3	52
May 2015	36	31	2	69
Jun 2015	38	22	3	63
Jul 2015	29	24	4	57
Aug 2015	11	21	1	33
Sep 2015	14	26	1	41
Oct 2015	20	17	5	42
Nov 2015	36	27	4	67
Dec 2015	14	33	4	51
Jan 2016	38	31	0	69
Feb 2016	24	19	4	47
Mar 2016	24	21	7	52
Apr 2016	9	27	3	39
May 2016	14	20	4	38
Jun 2016	22	18	6	46
Jul 2016	21	9	3	33
Aug 2016	13	7	4	24
Sep 2016	13	12	1	26
Oct 2016	13	14	1	28
Nov 2016	13	8	2	23
Dec 2016	15	10	1	26
Jan 2017	29	12	5	46
Feb 2017	20	12	5	37
Mar 2017	45	12	14	71
Apr 2017	51	8	5	64
May 2017	50	12	10	72
Jun 2017	45	3	6	54
Jul 2017	31	7	9	47
Aug 2017	22	9	5	36
Sep 2017	26	22	10	58
Oct 2017	11	13	11	35
Nov 2017	17	17	16	50
Dec 2017	25	20	35	80
Jan 2018	25	16	31	72
Feb 2018	22	14	32	68
Mar 2018	32	11	45	88
Apr 2018	26	19	31	76
May 2018	22	13	30	65
Jun 2018	30	20	33	83
Jul 2018	19	16	18	53
Aug 2018	24	21	19	64
Sep 2018	24	12	22	58
Oct 2018	28	16	28	72
Nov 2018	37	15	35	87
Dec 2018	26	11	18	55
Jan 2019	30	16	27	73
Feb 2019	29	6	32	67
Mar 2019	21	7	24	52
Apr 2019	17	13	8	38
May 2019	21	12	24	57
Jun 2019	11	22	12	45
Jul 2019	21	12	14	47
Aug 2019	13	19	18	50
Sep 2019	13	12	12	37
Oct 2019	16	12	9	37
Nov 2019	18	13	13	44
Dec 2019	22	13	17	52
Jan 2020	35	4	26	65
Feb 2020	18	3	10	31
Mar 2020	12	4	10	26
Apr 2020	11	5	10	26
May 2020	14	6	6	26
Jun 2020	18	5	10	33
Jul 2020	29	16	23	68
Aug 2020	13	5	19	37
Sep 2020	24	18	10	52
Oct 2020	19	11	10	40
Nov 2020	28	3	14	45
Dec 2020	27	6	23	56
Jan 2021	30	9	15	54
Feb 2021	17	8	15	40
Mar 2021	14	5	23	42
Apr 2021	20	10	16	46
May 2021	23	9	22	54
Jun 2021	25	3	22	50
Jul 2021	13	9	18	40
Aug 2021	20	13	20	53
Sep 2021	25	9	4	38
Oct 2021	19	21	17	57
Nov 2021	17	26	13	56
Dec 2021	11	8	1	20
Jan 2022	15	13	4	32
Feb 2022	14	7	2	23
Mar 2022	7	7	0	14
Apr 2022	11	7	2	20
May 2022	5	6	4	15
Jun 2022	3	4	0	7
Jul 2022	7	2	0	9
Aug 2022	24	8	6	38
Sep 2022	27	8	1	36
Oct 2022	24	6	3	33
Nov 2022	21	9	5	35
Dec 2022	25	10	1	36
Jan 2023	18	8	0	26
Feb 2023	26	8	1	35
Mar 2023	39	3	4	46
Apr 2023	23	5	0	28
May 2023	20	12	1	33
Jun 2023	24	6	0	30
Jul 2023	27	10	2	39
Aug 2023	34	5	3	42
Sep 2023	31	3	1	35
Oct 2023	32	4	3	39
Nov 2023	8	0	8
Dec 2023	18	7	2	27
Jan 2024	19	7	1	27
Feb 2024	13	11	0	24
Mar 2024	28	13	0	41
Apr 2024	24	20	1	45
May 2024	37	11	2	50
Jun 2024	65	11	5	81
Jul 2024	22	11	1	34
Aug 2024	64	16	2	82
Sep 2024	23	8	1	32
Oct 2024	31	12	0	43
Nov 2024	32	6	2	40
Dec 2024	21	12	0	33
Jan 2025	31	10	1	42
Feb 2025	32	15	3	50
Mar 2025	28	11	0	39
Apr 2025	35	18	0	53
May 2025	33	12	1	46
Jun 2025	55	16	1	72
Jul 2025	54	15	1	70
Aug 2025	56	17	5	78
Sep 2025	62	20	2	84
Oct 2025	41	22	4	67
Nov 2025	6	4	4	14

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 11 Jun 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2014	73	48	1	122
Jul 2014	48	28	1	77
Aug 2014	15	22	1	38
Sep 2014	25	108	4	137
Oct 2014	10	11	2	23
Nov 2014	12	8	1	21
Dec 2014	29	31	1	61
Jan 2015	138	96	2	236
Feb 2015	41	29	0	70
Mar 2015	29	17	1	47
Apr 2015	29	20	3	52
May 2015	36	31	2	69
Jun 2015	38	22	3	63
Jul 2015	29	24	4	57
Aug 2015	11	21	1	33
Sep 2015	14	26	1	41
Oct 2015	20	17	5	42
Nov 2015	36	27	4	67
Dec 2015	14	33	4	51
Jan 2016	38	31	0	69
Feb 2016	24	19	4	47
Mar 2016	24	21	7	52
Apr 2016	9	27	3	39
May 2016	14	20	4	38
Jun 2016	22	18	6	46
Jul 2016	21	9	3	33
Aug 2016	13	7	4	24
Sep 2016	13	12	1	26
Oct 2016	13	14	1	28
Nov 2016	13	8	2	23
Dec 2016	15	10	1	26
Jan 2017	29	12	5	46
Feb 2017	20	12	5	37
Mar 2017	45	12	14	71
Apr 2017	51	8	5	64
May 2017	50	12	10	72
Jun 2017	45	3	6	54
Jul 2017	31	7	9	47
Aug 2017	22	9	5	36
Sep 2017	26	22	10	58
Oct 2017	11	13	11	35
Nov 2017	17	17	16	50
Dec 2017	25	20	35	80
Jan 2018	25	16	31	72
Feb 2018	22	14	32	68
Mar 2018	32	11	45	88
Apr 2018	26	19	31	76
May 2018	22	13	30	65
Jun 2018	30	20	33	83
Jul 2018	19	16	18	53
Aug 2018	24	21	19	64
Sep 2018	24	12	22	58
Oct 2018	28	16	28	72
Nov 2018	37	15	35	87
Dec 2018	26	11	18	55
Jan 2019	30	16	27	73
Feb 2019	29	6	32	67
Mar 2019	21	7	24	52
Apr 2019	17	13	8	38
May 2019	21	12	24	57
Jun 2019	11	22	12	45
Jul 2019	21	12	14	47
Aug 2019	13	19	18	50
Sep 2019	13	12	12	37
Oct 2019	16	12	9	37
Nov 2019	18	13	13	44
Dec 2019	22	13	17	52
Jan 2020	35	4	26	65
Feb 2020	18	3	10	31
Mar 2020	12	4	10	26
Apr 2020	11	5	10	26
May 2020	14	6	6	26
Jun 2020	18	5	10	33
Jul 2020	29	16	23	68
Aug 2020	13	5	19	37
Sep 2020	24	18	10	52
Oct 2020	19	11	10	40
Nov 2020	28	3	14	45
Dec 2020	27	6	23	56
Jan 2021	30	9	15	54
Feb 2021	17	8	15	40
Mar 2021	14	5	23	42
Apr 2021	20	10	16	46
May 2021	23	9	22	54
Jun 2021	25	3	22	50
Jul 2021	13	9	18	40
Aug 2021	20	13	20	53
Sep 2021	25	9	4	38
Oct 2021	19	21	17	57
Nov 2021	17	26	13	56
Dec 2021	11	8	1	20
Jan 2022	15	13	4	32
Feb 2022	14	7	2	23
Mar 2022	7	7	0	14
Apr 2022	11	7	2	20
May 2022	5	6	4	15
Jun 2022	3	4	0	7
Jul 2022	7	2	0	9
Aug 2022	24	8	6	38
Sep 2022	27	8	1	36
Oct 2022	24	6	3	33
Nov 2022	21	9	5	35
Dec 2022	25	10	1	36
Jan 2023	18	8	0	26
Feb 2023	26	8	1	35
Mar 2023	39	3	4	46
Apr 2023	23	5	0	28
May 2023	20	12	1	33
Jun 2023	24	6	0	30
Jul 2023	27	10	2	39
Aug 2023	34	5	3	42
Sep 2023	31	3	1	35
Oct 2023	32	4	3	39
Nov 2023	8	0	8
Dec 2023	18	7	2	27
Jan 2024	19	7	1	27
Feb 2024	13	11	0	24
Mar 2024	28	13	0	41
Apr 2024	24	20	1	45
May 2024	37	11	2	50
Jun 2024	65	11	5	81
Jul 2024	22	11	1	34
Aug 2024	64	16	2	82
Sep 2024	23	8	1	32
Oct 2024	31	12	0	43
Nov 2024	32	6	2	40
Dec 2024	21	12	0	33
Jan 2025	31	10	1	42
Feb 2025	32	15	3	50
Mar 2025	28	11	0	39
Apr 2025	35	18	0	53
May 2025	33	12	1	46
Jun 2025	55	16	1	72
Jul 2025	54	15	1	70
Aug 2025	56	17	5	78
Sep 2025	62	20	2	84
Oct 2025	41	22	4	67
Nov 2025	6	4	4	14

Latest update: 07 Nov 2025

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Short summary

The observed seasonal cycles in atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) at five surface monitoring sites are compared to those inferred from the air-sea O2 fluxes of six ocean biogeochemistry models. The simulated air-sea fluxes are translated into APO seasonal cycles using a matrix method that takes into account atmospheric transport model (ATM) uncertainty among 13 different ATMs. Net primary production (NPP), estimated from satellite ocean color data, is also compared to model output.