Articles | Volume 12, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6085-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6085-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
26 Oct 2015
Research article |
| 26 Oct 2015
Air–water fluxes and sources of carbon dioxide in the Delaware Estuary: spatial and seasonal variability
A. Joesoef
School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
W.-J. Huang
School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
present address: Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
Y. Gao
School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
W.-J. Cai
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Cited
67 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Interannual variability of air-water CO2 flux in a large eutrophic estuary C. Shen et al. 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120523
- CO2 Outgassing from an Urbanized River System Fueled by Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents T. Yoon et al. 10.1021/acs.est.7b02344
- Contribution of Changjiang River discharge to CO2 uptake capacity of the northern East China Sea in August 2016 Y. Choi et al. 10.1016/j.csr.2020.104336
- Tidal mixing of estuarine and coastal waters in the western English Channel is a control on spatial and temporal variability in seawater CO<sub>2</sub> R. Sims et al. 10.5194/bg-19-1657-2022
- Estimating surface pCO2 in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Which remote sensing model to use? S. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.csr.2017.10.013
- Responses of carbonate system and CO2 flux to extended drought and intense flooding in a semiarid subtropical estuary H. Yao & X. Hu 10.1002/lno.10646
- Sinking particles in the photic zone: relations with biogeochemical properties in different sectors of the Cananéia-Iguape Estuarine-Lagoon Complex (CIELC)-Brazil B. Sutti et al. 10.1590/2675-2824071.22075bos
- High-frequency continuous measurements reveal strong diel and seasonal cycling of pCO2 and CO2 flux in a mesohaline reach of the Chesapeake Bay A. Miller et al. 10.5194/bg-21-3717-2024
- Seasonal Variability of the CO2 System in a Large Coastal Plain Estuary J. Friedman et al. 10.1029/2019JC015609
- CO2 effluxes from an urban tidal river flowing through two of the most populated and polluted cities of India A. Chanda et al. 10.1007/s11356-020-09254-6
- Water temperature control on CO2 flux and evaporation over a subtropical seagrass meadow revealed by atmospheric eddy covariance B. Van Dam et al. 10.1002/lno.11620
- Air–water CO<sub>2</sub> evasion from US East Coast estuaries G. Laruelle et al. 10.5194/bg-14-2441-2017
- Dynamic of CO2, CH4 and N2O in the Guadalquivir estuary J. Sánchez-Rodríguez et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150193
- A spherical falling film gas-liquid equilibrator for rapid and continuous measurements of CO2 and other trace gases A. Miller et al. 10.1371/journal.pone.0222303
- Effects of seawater salinity and pH on cellular metabolism and enzyme activities in biomineralizing tissues of marine bivalves A. Ivanina et al. 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110748
- High‐Frequency CO2 System Variability Over the Winter‐to‐Spring Transition in a Coastal Plain Estuary E. Shadwick et al. 10.1029/2019JC015246
- Dynamics of Bioluminescence Potential and Physical, Bio‐Optical Properties on the Shelf and Shelf‐Slope of Delaware Bay I. Shulman et al. 10.1029/2020JC016158
- Carbon dioxide sources and sinks in the delta of the Paraíba do Sul River (Southeastern Brazil) modulated by carbonate thermodynamics, gas exchange and ecosystem metabolism during estuarine mixing L. Cotovicz et al. 10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103869
- Effects of tidal cycle on greenhouse gases emissions from a tropical estuary M. Khan et al. 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114733
- Seasonal variability of the inorganic carbon system in a large coastal plain estuary A. Joesoef et al. 10.5194/bg-14-4949-2017
- Temporal variability of air-water gas exchange of carbon dioxide in clam and fish aquaculture ponds V. Weerathunga et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170090
- Scientific considerations for acidification monitoring in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Region K. Goldsmith et al. 10.1016/j.ecss.2019.04.023
- Carbon Dioxide and Methane Dynamics in Three Coastal Systems of Cadiz Bay (SW Spain) M. Burgos et al. 10.1007/s12237-017-0330-2
- Dissolved carbon, greenhouse gases, and δ13C dynamics in four estuaries across a land use gradient A. Looman et al. 10.1007/s00027-018-0617-9
- Carbon Budget of Tidal Wetlands, Estuaries, and Shelf Waters of Eastern North America R. Najjar et al. 10.1002/2017GB005790
- Wind-driven lateral variations of partial pressure of carbon dioxide in a large estuary W. Huang et al. 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2019.03.002
- Distribution of pCO2 and air-sea CO2 flux in Devi estuary, eastern India S. Akhtar et al. 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.105003
- A study case of bioluminescence potential dynamics in the Delaware Bay with observations and modeling I. Shulman et al. 10.1007/s10236-017-1045-4
- High carbon dioxide emissions from Australian estuaries driven by geomorphology and climate J. Yeo et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-48178-4
- Carbon Biogeochemistry of the Estuaries Adjoining the Indian Sundarbans Mangrove Ecosystem: A Review I. Das et al. 10.3390/life13040863
- Particulate organic matter higher concentrations, terrestrial sources and losses in bottom waters of the turbidity maximum, Delaware Estuary, U.S.A. A. Hermes & E. Sikes 10.1016/j.ecss.2016.07.005
- Carryover effects of temperature and pCO2 across multiple Olympia oyster populations L. Spencer et al. 10.1002/eap.2060
- Integrating High-Resolution Coastal Acidification Monitoring Data Across Seven United States Estuaries N. Rosenau et al. 10.3389/fmars.2021.679913
- Long-Term Trends in Estuarine Carbonate Chemistry in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico M. McCutcheon & X. Hu 10.3389/fmars.2022.793065
- CO2 emissions from a temperate drowned river valley estuary adjacent to an emerging megacity (Sydney Harbour) E. Tanner et al. 10.1016/j.ecss.2017.05.004
- Reduction in Riverine Freshwater Supply Changes Inorganic and Organic Carbon Dynamics and Air‐Water CO2 Fluxes in a Tropical Mangrove Dominated Estuary A. Akhand et al. 10.1029/2020JG006144
- Water Biogeochemistry of a Mangrove-Dominated Estuary Under a Semi-Arid Climate (New Caledonia) A. Leopold et al. 10.1007/s12237-016-0179-9
- Factors controlling the variability and emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O) in three estuaries of the Southern Iberian Atlantic Basin during July 2017 A. Sierra et al. 10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103867
- The characteristics of the CO2 system of the Oder River estuary (Baltic Sea) M. Stokowski et al. 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2020.103418
- Reviews and syntheses: Anthropogenic perturbations to carbon fluxes in Asian river systems – concepts, emerging trends, and research challenges J. Park et al. 10.5194/bg-15-3049-2018
- The Mid-Atlantic Bight Dissolved Inorganic Carbon System Observed in the March 1996 DOE Ocean Margins Program (OMP)—A Baseline Study T. Huang et al. 10.3389/fmars.2021.629412
- Seasonal Variations of Carbonate Chemistry at Two Western Atlantic Coral Reefs M. Meléndez et al. 10.1029/2020JC016108
- Factors Controlling the Sea Surface Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide in Upwelling Regions: A Case Study of the Southern East China Sea Before and After Typhoon Maria K. Kao et al. 10.1029/2022JC019195
- Hydrologic controls on CO2 chemistry and flux in subtropical lagoonal estuaries of the northwestern Gulf of Mexico H. Yao et al. 10.1002/lno.11394
- The source and accumulation of anthropogenic carbon in the U.S. East Coast X. Li et al. 10.1126/sciadv.adl3169
- A CO2 sink in a tropical coastal lagoon impacted by cultural eutrophication and upwelling T. Erbas et al. 10.1016/j.ecss.2021.107633
- Attributing Controlling Factors of Acidification and Hypoxia in a Deep, Nutrient-Enriched Estuarine Embayment J. Zeldis et al. 10.3389/fmars.2021.803439
- Biological regulation of pH during intensive growth of phytoplankton in two eutrophic estuarine waters Y. Zhang et al. 10.3354/meps12836
- Development of a two-dimensional model to assess carbon dynamics and anthropogenic effects on CO2 emissions in the Tan river, southern China Z. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119490
- Spatial variability in surface-water <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and gas exchange in the world's largest semi-enclosed estuarine system: St. Lawrence Estuary (Canada) A. Dinauer & A. Mucci 10.5194/bg-14-3221-2017
- Watershed‐Scale Drivers of Air‐Water CO2 Exchanges in Two Lagoonal North Carolina (USA) Estuaries B. Van Dam et al. 10.1002/2017JG004243
- Niche specificity and potential terrestrial organic carbon utilization of benthic Bathyarchaeota in a eutrophic subtropic estuarine system P. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119839
- Seasonal changes in dissolved organic matter composition in Delaware Bay, USA in March and August 2014 L. Powers et al. 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.05.005
- Seasonal and spatial variability in surface pCO2 and air–water CO2 flux in the Chesapeake Bay B. Chen et al. 10.1002/lno.11573
- Factors controlling seasonal CO2 and CH4 emissions in three tropical mangrove-dominated estuaries in Australia J. Rosentreter et al. 10.1016/j.ecss.2018.10.003
- Carbon budget of a shallow, lagoonal estuary: Transformations and source‐sink dynamics along the river‐estuary‐ocean continuum J. Crosswell et al. 10.1002/lno.10631
- Multiple controls on carbon dioxide sequestration in the beagle channel (Southern Patagonia) in early fall L. Caetano et al. 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103858
- Insights from year-long measurements of air–water CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in a coastal environment M. Yang et al. 10.5194/bg-16-961-2019
- Carbon dynamics and CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> outgassing in the Mekong delta A. Borges et al. 10.5194/bg-15-1093-2018
- Natural and Anthropogenic Drivers of Acidification in Large Estuaries W. Cai et al. 10.1146/annurev-marine-010419-011004
- Performance evaluations and applications of a δ13C-DIC analyzer in seawater and estuarine waters X. Deng et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155013
- Seasonal and spatial variability of CO2 emissions in a large tropical mangrove‐dominated delta R. Chielle et al. 10.1002/lno.12471
- Technical note: Assessing gas equilibration systems for continuous <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> measurements in inland waters T. Yoon et al. 10.5194/bg-13-3915-2016
- Evidence for stage-based larval vulnerability and resilience to acidification in Crassostrea virginica A. Miller et al. 10.1093/mollus/eyaa022
- Spatial and temporal variations in atmospheric gas flux from the Hudson River: the estuarine gas exchange maximum M. Scully et al. 10.1002/lno.12154
- Flood-driven CO2 emissions from adjacent North Carolina estuaries during Hurricane Joaquin (2015) B. Van Dam et al. 10.1016/j.marchem.2018.10.001
- Distribution and control mechanism of pCO2 and water–air CO2 efflux in the Pearl River Estuary S. Liu et al. 10.1007/s11356-024-34962-8
67 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Interannual variability of air-water CO2 flux in a large eutrophic estuary C. Shen et al. 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120523
- CO2 Outgassing from an Urbanized River System Fueled by Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents T. Yoon et al. 10.1021/acs.est.7b02344
- Contribution of Changjiang River discharge to CO2 uptake capacity of the northern East China Sea in August 2016 Y. Choi et al. 10.1016/j.csr.2020.104336
- Tidal mixing of estuarine and coastal waters in the western English Channel is a control on spatial and temporal variability in seawater CO<sub>2</sub> R. Sims et al. 10.5194/bg-19-1657-2022
- Estimating surface pCO2 in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Which remote sensing model to use? S. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.csr.2017.10.013
- Responses of carbonate system and CO2 flux to extended drought and intense flooding in a semiarid subtropical estuary H. Yao & X. Hu 10.1002/lno.10646
- Sinking particles in the photic zone: relations with biogeochemical properties in different sectors of the Cananéia-Iguape Estuarine-Lagoon Complex (CIELC)-Brazil B. Sutti et al. 10.1590/2675-2824071.22075bos
- High-frequency continuous measurements reveal strong diel and seasonal cycling of pCO2 and CO2 flux in a mesohaline reach of the Chesapeake Bay A. Miller et al. 10.5194/bg-21-3717-2024
- Seasonal Variability of the CO2 System in a Large Coastal Plain Estuary J. Friedman et al. 10.1029/2019JC015609
- CO2 effluxes from an urban tidal river flowing through two of the most populated and polluted cities of India A. Chanda et al. 10.1007/s11356-020-09254-6
- Water temperature control on CO2 flux and evaporation over a subtropical seagrass meadow revealed by atmospheric eddy covariance B. Van Dam et al. 10.1002/lno.11620
- Air–water CO<sub>2</sub> evasion from US East Coast estuaries G. Laruelle et al. 10.5194/bg-14-2441-2017
- Dynamic of CO2, CH4 and N2O in the Guadalquivir estuary J. Sánchez-Rodríguez et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150193
- A spherical falling film gas-liquid equilibrator for rapid and continuous measurements of CO2 and other trace gases A. Miller et al. 10.1371/journal.pone.0222303
- Effects of seawater salinity and pH on cellular metabolism and enzyme activities in biomineralizing tissues of marine bivalves A. Ivanina et al. 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110748
- High‐Frequency CO2 System Variability Over the Winter‐to‐Spring Transition in a Coastal Plain Estuary E. Shadwick et al. 10.1029/2019JC015246
- Dynamics of Bioluminescence Potential and Physical, Bio‐Optical Properties on the Shelf and Shelf‐Slope of Delaware Bay I. Shulman et al. 10.1029/2020JC016158
- Carbon dioxide sources and sinks in the delta of the Paraíba do Sul River (Southeastern Brazil) modulated by carbonate thermodynamics, gas exchange and ecosystem metabolism during estuarine mixing L. Cotovicz et al. 10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103869
- Effects of tidal cycle on greenhouse gases emissions from a tropical estuary M. Khan et al. 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114733
- Seasonal variability of the inorganic carbon system in a large coastal plain estuary A. Joesoef et al. 10.5194/bg-14-4949-2017
- Temporal variability of air-water gas exchange of carbon dioxide in clam and fish aquaculture ponds V. Weerathunga et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170090
- Scientific considerations for acidification monitoring in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Region K. Goldsmith et al. 10.1016/j.ecss.2019.04.023
- Carbon Dioxide and Methane Dynamics in Three Coastal Systems of Cadiz Bay (SW Spain) M. Burgos et al. 10.1007/s12237-017-0330-2
- Dissolved carbon, greenhouse gases, and δ13C dynamics in four estuaries across a land use gradient A. Looman et al. 10.1007/s00027-018-0617-9
- Carbon Budget of Tidal Wetlands, Estuaries, and Shelf Waters of Eastern North America R. Najjar et al. 10.1002/2017GB005790
- Wind-driven lateral variations of partial pressure of carbon dioxide in a large estuary W. Huang et al. 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2019.03.002
- Distribution of pCO2 and air-sea CO2 flux in Devi estuary, eastern India S. Akhtar et al. 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.105003
- A study case of bioluminescence potential dynamics in the Delaware Bay with observations and modeling I. Shulman et al. 10.1007/s10236-017-1045-4
- High carbon dioxide emissions from Australian estuaries driven by geomorphology and climate J. Yeo et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-48178-4
- Carbon Biogeochemistry of the Estuaries Adjoining the Indian Sundarbans Mangrove Ecosystem: A Review I. Das et al. 10.3390/life13040863
- Particulate organic matter higher concentrations, terrestrial sources and losses in bottom waters of the turbidity maximum, Delaware Estuary, U.S.A. A. Hermes & E. Sikes 10.1016/j.ecss.2016.07.005
- Carryover effects of temperature and pCO2 across multiple Olympia oyster populations L. Spencer et al. 10.1002/eap.2060
- Integrating High-Resolution Coastal Acidification Monitoring Data Across Seven United States Estuaries N. Rosenau et al. 10.3389/fmars.2021.679913
- Long-Term Trends in Estuarine Carbonate Chemistry in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico M. McCutcheon & X. Hu 10.3389/fmars.2022.793065
- CO2 emissions from a temperate drowned river valley estuary adjacent to an emerging megacity (Sydney Harbour) E. Tanner et al. 10.1016/j.ecss.2017.05.004
- Reduction in Riverine Freshwater Supply Changes Inorganic and Organic Carbon Dynamics and Air‐Water CO2 Fluxes in a Tropical Mangrove Dominated Estuary A. Akhand et al. 10.1029/2020JG006144
- Water Biogeochemistry of a Mangrove-Dominated Estuary Under a Semi-Arid Climate (New Caledonia) A. Leopold et al. 10.1007/s12237-016-0179-9
- Factors controlling the variability and emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O) in three estuaries of the Southern Iberian Atlantic Basin during July 2017 A. Sierra et al. 10.1016/j.marchem.2020.103867
- The characteristics of the CO2 system of the Oder River estuary (Baltic Sea) M. Stokowski et al. 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2020.103418
- Reviews and syntheses: Anthropogenic perturbations to carbon fluxes in Asian river systems – concepts, emerging trends, and research challenges J. Park et al. 10.5194/bg-15-3049-2018
- The Mid-Atlantic Bight Dissolved Inorganic Carbon System Observed in the March 1996 DOE Ocean Margins Program (OMP)—A Baseline Study T. Huang et al. 10.3389/fmars.2021.629412
- Seasonal Variations of Carbonate Chemistry at Two Western Atlantic Coral Reefs M. Meléndez et al. 10.1029/2020JC016108
- Factors Controlling the Sea Surface Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide in Upwelling Regions: A Case Study of the Southern East China Sea Before and After Typhoon Maria K. Kao et al. 10.1029/2022JC019195
- Hydrologic controls on CO2 chemistry and flux in subtropical lagoonal estuaries of the northwestern Gulf of Mexico H. Yao et al. 10.1002/lno.11394
- The source and accumulation of anthropogenic carbon in the U.S. East Coast X. Li et al. 10.1126/sciadv.adl3169
- A CO2 sink in a tropical coastal lagoon impacted by cultural eutrophication and upwelling T. Erbas et al. 10.1016/j.ecss.2021.107633
- Attributing Controlling Factors of Acidification and Hypoxia in a Deep, Nutrient-Enriched Estuarine Embayment J. Zeldis et al. 10.3389/fmars.2021.803439
- Biological regulation of pH during intensive growth of phytoplankton in two eutrophic estuarine waters Y. Zhang et al. 10.3354/meps12836
- Development of a two-dimensional model to assess carbon dynamics and anthropogenic effects on CO2 emissions in the Tan river, southern China Z. Chen et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119490
- Spatial variability in surface-water <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and gas exchange in the world's largest semi-enclosed estuarine system: St. Lawrence Estuary (Canada) A. Dinauer & A. Mucci 10.5194/bg-14-3221-2017
- Watershed‐Scale Drivers of Air‐Water CO2 Exchanges in Two Lagoonal North Carolina (USA) Estuaries B. Van Dam et al. 10.1002/2017JG004243
- Niche specificity and potential terrestrial organic carbon utilization of benthic Bathyarchaeota in a eutrophic subtropic estuarine system P. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119839
- Seasonal changes in dissolved organic matter composition in Delaware Bay, USA in March and August 2014 L. Powers et al. 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.05.005
- Seasonal and spatial variability in surface pCO2 and air–water CO2 flux in the Chesapeake Bay B. Chen et al. 10.1002/lno.11573
- Factors controlling seasonal CO2 and CH4 emissions in three tropical mangrove-dominated estuaries in Australia J. Rosentreter et al. 10.1016/j.ecss.2018.10.003
- Carbon budget of a shallow, lagoonal estuary: Transformations and source‐sink dynamics along the river‐estuary‐ocean continuum J. Crosswell et al. 10.1002/lno.10631
- Multiple controls on carbon dioxide sequestration in the beagle channel (Southern Patagonia) in early fall L. Caetano et al. 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103858
- Insights from year-long measurements of air–water CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in a coastal environment M. Yang et al. 10.5194/bg-16-961-2019
- Carbon dynamics and CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> outgassing in the Mekong delta A. Borges et al. 10.5194/bg-15-1093-2018
- Natural and Anthropogenic Drivers of Acidification in Large Estuaries W. Cai et al. 10.1146/annurev-marine-010419-011004
- Performance evaluations and applications of a δ13C-DIC analyzer in seawater and estuarine waters X. Deng et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155013
- Seasonal and spatial variability of CO2 emissions in a large tropical mangrove‐dominated delta R. Chielle et al. 10.1002/lno.12471
- Technical note: Assessing gas equilibration systems for continuous <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> measurements in inland waters T. Yoon et al. 10.5194/bg-13-3915-2016
- Evidence for stage-based larval vulnerability and resilience to acidification in Crassostrea virginica A. Miller et al. 10.1093/mollus/eyaa022
- Spatial and temporal variations in atmospheric gas flux from the Hudson River: the estuarine gas exchange maximum M. Scully et al. 10.1002/lno.12154
- Flood-driven CO2 emissions from adjacent North Carolina estuaries during Hurricane Joaquin (2015) B. Van Dam et al. 10.1016/j.marchem.2018.10.001
- Distribution and control mechanism of pCO2 and water–air CO2 efflux in the Pearl River Estuary S. Liu et al. 10.1007/s11356-024-34962-8
Saved (final revised paper)
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Latest update: 21 Nov 2024
Short summary
In this paper, we report the first seasonal distribution of pCO2 and air–water CO2 flux in the Delaware Estuary. We further assess the temperature and biological effects on pCO2 distributions as well as the overall contribution of internal versus riverine sources on CO2 inputs to the estuarine system. Finally, we present a summarized pCO2 distribution over the study area and provide a conceptual model to illustrate the control mechanisms on surface water CO2 dynamics in the Delaware Estuary.
In this paper, we report the first seasonal distribution of pCO2 and air–water CO2 flux in...
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