Articles | Volume 12, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6085-2015
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6085-2015
Research article
 | 
26 Oct 2015
Research article |  | 26 Oct 2015

Air–water fluxes and sources of carbon dioxide in the Delaware Estuary: spatial and seasonal variability

A. Joesoef, W.-J. Huang, Y. Gao, and W.-J. Cai

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Cited articles

Abril, G. and Borges, A. V.: Carbon dioxide and methane emissions from estuaries, in: Greenhouse gas emissions from natural environments and hydroelectric reservoirs: fluxes and processes, Environmental Science Series, edited by: Tremblay, A., Varfalvy, L., Roehm, C., and Garneau, M., Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 187–207, 2004.
Abril, G., Etcheber, H., Borges, A. V., and Frankignoulle, M.: Excess atmospheric carbon dioxide transported by rivers into the Scheldt estuary, Cr. Acad. Sci. II A., 330, 761–768, 2000.
Abril, G., Commarieu, M. V., Sottolichio, A., Bretel, P., and Guérin, F.: Turbidity limits gas exchange in a large macrotidal estuary, Estuar. Coast. Shelf. S., 83, 342–348, 2009.
Allan, R. P. and Soden, B. J.: Atmospheric warming and the amplification of precipitation extremes, Science, 321, 1481–1484, 2008.
Bai, Y., Cai, W.-J., He, X., Zhai, W., Pan, D., Dai, M., and Yu, P.: A mechanistic semi-analytical method for remotely sensing sea surface pCO2 in river-dominated coastal oceans: A case study from the East China Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans., 120, 2331–2349, 2015.
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In this paper, we report the first seasonal distribution of pCO2 and air–water CO2 flux in the Delaware Estuary. We further assess the temperature and biological effects on pCO2 distributions as well as the overall contribution of internal versus riverine sources on CO2 inputs to the estuarine system. Finally, we present a summarized pCO2 distribution over the study area and provide a conceptual model to illustrate the control mechanisms on surface water CO2 dynamics in the Delaware Estuary.
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