Articles | Volume 16, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2857-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2857-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Global soil–climate–biome diagram: linking surface soil properties to climate and biota
Xia Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Yuanhe Yang
State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Haihua Shen
State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Xiaoqing Geng
State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Jingyun Fang
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,
Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for
Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University,
Beijing 100871, China
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Cited
57 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Estimation of plot-level soil carbon stocks in China's forests using intensive soil sampling S. Liu et al.
- Dynamics of soil nitrogen availability following vegetation restoration along a climatic gradient of a subtropical karst region in China P. Hu et al.
- Satellite Monitoring of Global Surface Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics Using the SMAP Level 4 Carbon Product K. Arthur Endsley et al.
- Path to robust digital mapping of soil C:N ratio: geographic bias and uncertainty gap Y. Hong et al.
- Desertification vulnerability under accelerated dryland expansion C. Sun et al.
- Contrasting accumulation of glomalin-related soil proteins along a temperature gradient in karst and non-karst soils P. Hu et al.
- Reducing spatial resolution increased net primary productivity prediction of terrestrial ecosystems: A Random Forest approach T. Zhou et al.
- Application of Artificial Intelligence in Reactive Soil Research: A Scientometric Analysis B. Teodosio et al.
- The relationship of δD and δ18O in surface soil water and its implications for soil evaporation along grass transects of Tibet, Loess, and Inner Mongolia Plateau S. Lyu et al.
- Rising global temperatures reduce soil microbial diversity over the long term Y. Sun et al.
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- Quantifying surface soil organic carbon distribution globally during the COVID-19 pandemic using satellite data R. Ray et al.
- Uncertainty maps for model-based global climate classification systems A. Navarro et al.
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- Drivers of agricultural ecosystem resilience under compound atmospheric-soil drought in Northeast China L. Wang et al.
- Implementation of nitrogen cycle in the CLASSIC land model A. Asaadi & V. Arora
- Construction and characterisation of a structured, tuneable, and transparent 3D culture platform for soil bacteria L. Rooney et al.
- Machine Learning Models for Prediction of Soil Properties in the Riparian Forests M. Zolfaghari Nia et al.
- A continental scale spatial investigation of lake sediment organic compositions using sedimentomics M. Bell et al.
- Unearthing the importance of soil development in total phosphorus distribution in China’s mountains W. Yang et al.
- Distinct latitudinal patterns and drivers of topsoil nitrogen and phosphorus across urban forests in eastern China N. Xia et al.
- Schimperian World: The foundations of biome ecology L. Mucina & J. Wasserman
- Temperature and pH define the realised niche space of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi J. Davison et al.
- Distinct features of topsoil carbon fractions across urban forests in eastern China H. Guo et al.
- Calcium-rich parent materials enhance multiple soil functions and bacterial network complexity P. Hu et al.
- Sources and transport of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) in agricultural soil–plant systems M. Han et al.
- Increasing soil carbon stocks in eight permanent forest plots in China J. Zhu et al.
- Contrasting fates of nitrate between organic and iron oxide-rich horizons of an acidic forest soil under oxic and suboxic conditions A. Mollhagen et al.
- Clay differentially influence phosphatase activities in soil G. Williams & S. Deng
- Leachate from municipal solid waste landfills in a global perspective: Characteristics, influential factors and environmental risks S. Ma et al.
- Symbiotic nitrogen fixation contributes to divergent patterns of foliar and soil nitrogen isotopic composition in an alpine legume shrub species T. Xu et al.
- Mapping high-resolution forest aboveground biomass of China using multisource remote sensing data Q. Yang et al.
- Anthropogenic effects on global soil nitrogen pools S. Chien & J. Krumins
- Frontiers in earth observation for global soil properties assessment linked to environmental and socio-economic factors J. Demattê et al.
- Climate Control of Topsoil Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium Concentrations in Urban Forests Across Eastern China X. Wu et al.
- Decomposition of dryland biocrust-forming lichens and mosses contributes to soil nutrient cycling L. Concostrina-Zubiri et al.
- Modeling geographic distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from molecular evidence in soils of Argentinean Puna using a maximum entropy approach D. Nepote Valentin et al.
- Soil porosity prediction across Europe with a focus on soil particle density determination D. Robinson et al.
- Enhancing rice nitrogen use efficiency via plant-microbe-soil interactions: Insights from 15N tracing S. Chen et al.
- Global distribution of surface soil organic carbon in urban greenspaces H. Guo et al.
- Interactive and unimodal relationships between plant biomass, abiotic factors, and plant diversity in global grasslands M. Spohn et al.
- Assessment of the restoration potential for ecological sustainability in the Xijiang River basin, Southwest China: A comparative analysis of karst and non-karst areas Y. Liu et al.
- Environmental heterogeneity altered the growth fitness of antibiotic-resistant mutants and the resistance prevalence in Escherichia coli populations C. Zheng et al.
- How does soil water status influence the fate of soil organic matter? A review of processes across scales C. Védère et al.
- Latitudinal and Elevational Trends in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Community Niche Structure I. Hiiesalu et al.
- Exceeding its own limits: range expansion in Argentina of the globally invasive apple snail Pomacea canaliculata M. Seuffert & P. Martín
- Distribution of phosphorus cycling genes across land uses and microbial taxonomic groups based on metagenome and genome mining J. Siles et al.
- In-field carbon dioxide removal via weathering of crushed basalt applied to acidic tropical agricultural soil F. Holden et al.
- Bibliometric analysis of the status and trend of biological soil crusts research from 1912 to 2023 X. Yang et al.
- Patterns and thresholds for soil pH across Europe in relation to soil health and degradation I. Lebron et al.
- Predicting the impact of dynamic global urban expansion on urban soil organic carbon L. Feng et al.
- Looking for Optimal Maps of Soil Properties at the Regional Scale J. Barrena-González et al.
- Meta-analysis of the priming effect on native soil organic carbon in response to glucose amendment across soil depths G. Gaudel et al.
- A novel biome concept and classification system based on bioclimate and vegetation – a Neotropical assay G. Navarro & J. Molina
- Lithological Controls on Soil Aggregates and Minerals Regulate Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency and Necromass Stability P. Hu et al.
- Plant colonization mediates the microbial community dynamics in glacier forelands of the Tibetan Plateau Y. Liu et al.
- Climate and soil explain contrasting intraspecific trait variability of widespread species over a large environmental gradient X. Chen et al.
57 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Estimation of plot-level soil carbon stocks in China's forests using intensive soil sampling S. Liu et al.
- Dynamics of soil nitrogen availability following vegetation restoration along a climatic gradient of a subtropical karst region in China P. Hu et al.
- Satellite Monitoring of Global Surface Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics Using the SMAP Level 4 Carbon Product K. Arthur Endsley et al.
- Path to robust digital mapping of soil C:N ratio: geographic bias and uncertainty gap Y. Hong et al.
- Desertification vulnerability under accelerated dryland expansion C. Sun et al.
- Contrasting accumulation of glomalin-related soil proteins along a temperature gradient in karst and non-karst soils P. Hu et al.
- Reducing spatial resolution increased net primary productivity prediction of terrestrial ecosystems: A Random Forest approach T. Zhou et al.
- Application of Artificial Intelligence in Reactive Soil Research: A Scientometric Analysis B. Teodosio et al.
- The relationship of δD and δ18O in surface soil water and its implications for soil evaporation along grass transects of Tibet, Loess, and Inner Mongolia Plateau S. Lyu et al.
- Rising global temperatures reduce soil microbial diversity over the long term Y. Sun et al.
- Temperature sensitivity of plant litter decomposition rate in China's forests F. Zhang et al.
- Quantifying surface soil organic carbon distribution globally during the COVID-19 pandemic using satellite data R. Ray et al.
- Uncertainty maps for model-based global climate classification systems A. Navarro et al.
- Soil properties as key predictors of global grassland production: Have we overlooked micronutrients? D. Radujković et al.
- Drivers of agricultural ecosystem resilience under compound atmospheric-soil drought in Northeast China L. Wang et al.
- Implementation of nitrogen cycle in the CLASSIC land model A. Asaadi & V. Arora
- Construction and characterisation of a structured, tuneable, and transparent 3D culture platform for soil bacteria L. Rooney et al.
- Machine Learning Models for Prediction of Soil Properties in the Riparian Forests M. Zolfaghari Nia et al.
- A continental scale spatial investigation of lake sediment organic compositions using sedimentomics M. Bell et al.
- Unearthing the importance of soil development in total phosphorus distribution in China’s mountains W. Yang et al.
- Distinct latitudinal patterns and drivers of topsoil nitrogen and phosphorus across urban forests in eastern China N. Xia et al.
- Schimperian World: The foundations of biome ecology L. Mucina & J. Wasserman
- Temperature and pH define the realised niche space of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi J. Davison et al.
- Distinct features of topsoil carbon fractions across urban forests in eastern China H. Guo et al.
- Calcium-rich parent materials enhance multiple soil functions and bacterial network complexity P. Hu et al.
- Sources and transport of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) in agricultural soil–plant systems M. Han et al.
- Increasing soil carbon stocks in eight permanent forest plots in China J. Zhu et al.
- Contrasting fates of nitrate between organic and iron oxide-rich horizons of an acidic forest soil under oxic and suboxic conditions A. Mollhagen et al.
- Clay differentially influence phosphatase activities in soil G. Williams & S. Deng
- Leachate from municipal solid waste landfills in a global perspective: Characteristics, influential factors and environmental risks S. Ma et al.
- Symbiotic nitrogen fixation contributes to divergent patterns of foliar and soil nitrogen isotopic composition in an alpine legume shrub species T. Xu et al.
- Mapping high-resolution forest aboveground biomass of China using multisource remote sensing data Q. Yang et al.
- Anthropogenic effects on global soil nitrogen pools S. Chien & J. Krumins
- Frontiers in earth observation for global soil properties assessment linked to environmental and socio-economic factors J. Demattê et al.
- Climate Control of Topsoil Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium Concentrations in Urban Forests Across Eastern China X. Wu et al.
- Decomposition of dryland biocrust-forming lichens and mosses contributes to soil nutrient cycling L. Concostrina-Zubiri et al.
- Modeling geographic distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from molecular evidence in soils of Argentinean Puna using a maximum entropy approach D. Nepote Valentin et al.
- Soil porosity prediction across Europe with a focus on soil particle density determination D. Robinson et al.
- Enhancing rice nitrogen use efficiency via plant-microbe-soil interactions: Insights from 15N tracing S. Chen et al.
- Global distribution of surface soil organic carbon in urban greenspaces H. Guo et al.
- Interactive and unimodal relationships between plant biomass, abiotic factors, and plant diversity in global grasslands M. Spohn et al.
- Assessment of the restoration potential for ecological sustainability in the Xijiang River basin, Southwest China: A comparative analysis of karst and non-karst areas Y. Liu et al.
- Environmental heterogeneity altered the growth fitness of antibiotic-resistant mutants and the resistance prevalence in Escherichia coli populations C. Zheng et al.
- How does soil water status influence the fate of soil organic matter? A review of processes across scales C. Védère et al.
- Latitudinal and Elevational Trends in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Community Niche Structure I. Hiiesalu et al.
- Exceeding its own limits: range expansion in Argentina of the globally invasive apple snail Pomacea canaliculata M. Seuffert & P. Martín
- Distribution of phosphorus cycling genes across land uses and microbial taxonomic groups based on metagenome and genome mining J. Siles et al.
- In-field carbon dioxide removal via weathering of crushed basalt applied to acidic tropical agricultural soil F. Holden et al.
- Bibliometric analysis of the status and trend of biological soil crusts research from 1912 to 2023 X. Yang et al.
- Patterns and thresholds for soil pH across Europe in relation to soil health and degradation I. Lebron et al.
- Predicting the impact of dynamic global urban expansion on urban soil organic carbon L. Feng et al.
- Looking for Optimal Maps of Soil Properties at the Regional Scale J. Barrena-González et al.
- Meta-analysis of the priming effect on native soil organic carbon in response to glucose amendment across soil depths G. Gaudel et al.
- A novel biome concept and classification system based on bioclimate and vegetation – a Neotropical assay G. Navarro & J. Molina
- Lithological Controls on Soil Aggregates and Minerals Regulate Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency and Necromass Stability P. Hu et al.
- Plant colonization mediates the microbial community dynamics in glacier forelands of the Tibetan Plateau Y. Liu et al.
- Climate and soil explain contrasting intraspecific trait variability of widespread species over a large environmental gradient X. Chen et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 04 May 2026
Short summary
Surface soils interact strongly with both climate and biota and provide fundamental ecosystem services. However, the quantitative linkages between soil, climate, and biota remain unclear at a global scale. By compiling a large global soil database, we mapped eight major soil properties based on machine learning algorithms and developed a global soil–climate–biome diagram. Our results suggest shifts in soil properties under global climate and land cover change.
Surface soils interact strongly with both climate and biota and provide fundamental ecosystem...
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