Articles | Volume 18, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1499-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1499-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
03 Mar 2021
Research article |
| 03 Mar 2021
| 03 Mar 2021
What determines the sign of the evapotranspiration response to afforestation in European summer?
Marcus Breil
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
Edouard L. Davin
Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich,
Switzerland
Diana Rechid
Climate Service Center Germany, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Hamburg,
Germany
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Cited
26 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Spatio-temporal patterns of evapotranspiration in the temperate Eastern German lowlands and its response to climate and land use change S. Ahmadpour et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-025-05529-5
- An improved Budyko framework model incorporating water-carbon relationship for estimating evapotranspiration under climate and vegetation changes H. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112887
- Riverine sediment response to deforestation in the Amazon basin A. Narayanan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-581-2024
- Refining the shuttleworth-wallace model with particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm for evapotranspiration simulation in the ecotone of the eastern margin of the tibetan plateau Z. Weihang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2026.110014
- Reforestation-induced aerosol cooling effects divergently modulated by various types of biogeophysical feedback J. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaf323
- Contrasting Responses of Near-Surface Air Temperature to Historical Land Cover Change in CESM H. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-025-5058-5
- Regional water cycle sensitivity to afforestation: synthetic numerical experiments for tropical Africa J. Arnault et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2023.1233536
- Impact of Urbanization on the Vegetation Dynamic in Tama River Basin A. Fatmawati et al. https://doi.org/10.14246/irspsd.12.2_119
- The response of the regional longwave radiation balance and climate system in Europe to an idealized afforestation experiment M. Breil et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-243-2023
- Spatiotemporal inequality in land water availability amplified by global tree restoration B. Zan et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-024-00296-5
- Past and future change in global river flows L. Gudmundsson et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-025-00745-z
- Spatiotemporal variations and driver-specific response characteristics of evapotranspiration across different vegetation types in the Qilian Mountains X. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103695
- A conceptual model for a generalized canopy parametrization for atmospheric models G. Cheng & K. Schlünzen https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4420
- Divergent Hydrological Responses to Forest Expansion in Dry and Wet Basins of China: Implications for Future Afforestation Planning B. Xue et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR031856
- Biophysical effects of land cover changes in West Africa: a systematic review A. Yahaya Seydou et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/addbf4
- Sensitivity of Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Simulations to Changes in Land Cover Input Data: Role of Land Surface Characteristics for Temperature and Climate Extremes M. Tölle & E. Churiulin https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.722244
- Local and Non‐Local Biophysical Impacts of Deforestation on Global Temperature During Boreal Summer: CMIP6‐LUMIP Multimodel Analysis S. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD038229
- The potential of an increased deciduous forest fraction to mitigate the effects of heat extremes in Europe M. Breil et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2237-2023
- Improving evapotranspiration estimation by integrating process-based biophysical variables into a deep learning approach M. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103114
- On the Intercontinental Transferability of Regional Climate Model Response to Severe Forestation O. Asselin et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli10100138
- Mapping the future afforestation distribution of China constrained by a national afforestation plan and climate change S. Song et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2839-2024
- Scientific evidence of the hydrological impacts of nature‐based solutions at the catchment scale M. Lalonde et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1744
- Forest-Water Nexus: An evapotranspiration assessment of the Kafue River Sub-Basin using remote sensing M. Kamamba et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2025.103998
- Afforestation impact on soil temperature in regional climate model simulations over Europe G. Sofiadis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-595-2022
- Assessing diurnal land surface temperature variations across landcover and local climate zones: Implications for urban planning and mitigation strategies on socio-economic factors P. Palanisamy et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105880
- Scenario dependence of biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects of reforestation K. Jayakrishnan et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/ae7201
26 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Spatio-temporal patterns of evapotranspiration in the temperate Eastern German lowlands and its response to climate and land use change S. Ahmadpour et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-025-05529-5
- An improved Budyko framework model incorporating water-carbon relationship for estimating evapotranspiration under climate and vegetation changes H. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112887
- Riverine sediment response to deforestation in the Amazon basin A. Narayanan et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-581-2024
- Refining the shuttleworth-wallace model with particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm for evapotranspiration simulation in the ecotone of the eastern margin of the tibetan plateau Z. Weihang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2026.110014
- Reforestation-induced aerosol cooling effects divergently modulated by various types of biogeophysical feedback J. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaf323
- Contrasting Responses of Near-Surface Air Temperature to Historical Land Cover Change in CESM H. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-025-5058-5
- Regional water cycle sensitivity to afforestation: synthetic numerical experiments for tropical Africa J. Arnault et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2023.1233536
- Impact of Urbanization on the Vegetation Dynamic in Tama River Basin A. Fatmawati et al. https://doi.org/10.14246/irspsd.12.2_119
- The response of the regional longwave radiation balance and climate system in Europe to an idealized afforestation experiment M. Breil et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-243-2023
- Spatiotemporal inequality in land water availability amplified by global tree restoration B. Zan et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-024-00296-5
- Past and future change in global river flows L. Gudmundsson et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-025-00745-z
- Spatiotemporal variations and driver-specific response characteristics of evapotranspiration across different vegetation types in the Qilian Mountains X. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103695
- A conceptual model for a generalized canopy parametrization for atmospheric models G. Cheng & K. Schlünzen https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4420
- Divergent Hydrological Responses to Forest Expansion in Dry and Wet Basins of China: Implications for Future Afforestation Planning B. Xue et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR031856
- Biophysical effects of land cover changes in West Africa: a systematic review A. Yahaya Seydou et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/addbf4
- Sensitivity of Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Simulations to Changes in Land Cover Input Data: Role of Land Surface Characteristics for Temperature and Climate Extremes M. Tölle & E. Churiulin https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.722244
- Local and Non‐Local Biophysical Impacts of Deforestation on Global Temperature During Boreal Summer: CMIP6‐LUMIP Multimodel Analysis S. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD038229
- The potential of an increased deciduous forest fraction to mitigate the effects of heat extremes in Europe M. Breil et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2237-2023
- Improving evapotranspiration estimation by integrating process-based biophysical variables into a deep learning approach M. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103114
- On the Intercontinental Transferability of Regional Climate Model Response to Severe Forestation O. Asselin et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli10100138
- Mapping the future afforestation distribution of China constrained by a national afforestation plan and climate change S. Song et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2839-2024
- Scientific evidence of the hydrological impacts of nature‐based solutions at the catchment scale M. Lalonde et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1744
- Forest-Water Nexus: An evapotranspiration assessment of the Kafue River Sub-Basin using remote sensing M. Kamamba et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2025.103998
- Afforestation impact on soil temperature in regional climate model simulations over Europe G. Sofiadis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-595-2022
- Assessing diurnal land surface temperature variations across landcover and local climate zones: Implications for urban planning and mitigation strategies on socio-economic factors P. Palanisamy et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105880
- Scenario dependence of biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects of reforestation K. Jayakrishnan et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5295/ae7201
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 08 Jul 2026
Short summary
The physical processes behind varying evapotranspiration rates in forests and grasslands in Europe are investigated in a regional model study with idealized afforestation scenarios. The results show that the evapotranspiration response to afforestation depends on the interplay of two counteracting factors: the transpiration facilitating characteristics of a forest and the reduced saturation deficits of forests caused by an increased surface roughness and associated lower surface temperatures.
The physical processes behind varying evapotranspiration rates in forests and grasslands in...
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