Articles | Volume 18, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2755-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2755-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
30 Apr 2021
Research article |
| 30 Apr 2021
| 30 Apr 2021
Destruction and reinstatement of coastal hypoxia in the South China Sea off the Pearl River estuary
Yangyang Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
Environmental Physics, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant
Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Khanittha Uthaipan
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
Zhongming Lu
Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of
Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Yan Li
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
Jing Liu
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
Hongbin Liu
Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and
Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and
Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Jianping Gan
Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of
Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and
Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Department of Mathematics, The Hong Kong University of Science and
Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Feifei Meng
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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- Stable Barium Isotope Fractionation in Pore Waters of Estuarine Sediments Z. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GC010907
- Key drivers of hypoxia revealed by time-series data in the coastal waters of Muping, China X. Zheng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106613
- Changes in Eukaryotic Phytoplankton Community Structure Induced by a Typhoon Event: A Case Study in Zhanjiang Bay, China H. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13112609
- Coupling of Carbon and Oxygen in the Pearl River Plume in Summer: Upwelling, Hypoxia, Reoxygenation and Enhanced Acidification X. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC019326
- Long-term trends in summer hypoxia and associated driving factors in the Pearl River Estuary, China Z. Lin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117456
- Response Process of Coastal Hypoxia to a Passing Typhoon in the East China Sea Q. Meng et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.892797
- Strong Habitat Compression by Extreme Shoaling Events of Hypoxic Waters in the Eastern Pacific E. Köhn et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018429
- Sediment oxygen uptake and hypoxia in coastal oceans, the Pearl River Estuary region J. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122499
- Drivers of Phytoplankton Variability in and Near the Pearl River Estuary, South China Sea During Typhoon Hato (2017): A Numerical Study Y. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JG006924
- Observational studies of the effects of wind mixing and biological process on the vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen off the Changjiang Estuary Y. Miao et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1081688
- 河流冲淡水与上升流耦合对珠江口生物地球化学过程的影响 燕. 汪 et al. https://doi.org/10.1360/N072025-0249
- Persistent eutrophication and hypoxia in the coastal ocean M. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.7
- Effects of Pearl River estuarine-front-induced convergence on formation of bottom hypoxia in summer J. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2026.1768899
- Effects of typhoon events on coastal hydrology, nutrients, and algal bloom dynamics: Insights from continuous observation and machine learning in semi-enclosed Zhanjiang Bay, China P. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171676
- Dominant inverse nonlinear energy cascades in coastal and inner shelf waters A. De Leo et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2528315123
- Carbonate dynamics in a tropical coastal system in the South China Sea featuring upwelling, river plumes and submarine groundwater discharge W. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-021-9963-8
- Coupled impacts of river plume and upwelling on biogeochemistry in the Pearl River Estuary Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-025-1925-2
- Cyclone‐induced mixing and stratification shape autumnal hypoxia in a temperate estuary C. Shen & J. Testa https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70107
- Tracks of typhoon movement (left and right sides) control marine dynamics and eco-environment in the coastal bays after typhoons: A case study in Zhanjiang Bay C. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168944
- Effects of typhoons on primary production and dissolved oxygen in the East China Sea W. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1376432
- Changes in hydrodynamics and nutrient load of the coastal bay induced by Typhoon Talim (2023) C. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1383528
- Role of Winds in Interrupting the Formation of Coastal Hypoxia K. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.839812
- Physical drivers of bio-optical properties in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area during the winter dry season W. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1523111
26 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Assessment of marine eutrophication: Challenges and solutions ahead L. Yao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117977
- Responses of the dynamics of particulate organic matter to different track typhoons in coastal waters C. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2025.104550
- Floc microcosms buffer hypoxia by reducing sediment-driven oxygen consumption in coastal waters L. Ye et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.125376
- Stable Barium Isotope Fractionation in Pore Waters of Estuarine Sediments Z. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GC010907
- Key drivers of hypoxia revealed by time-series data in the coastal waters of Muping, China X. Zheng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106613
- Changes in Eukaryotic Phytoplankton Community Structure Induced by a Typhoon Event: A Case Study in Zhanjiang Bay, China H. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13112609
- Coupling of Carbon and Oxygen in the Pearl River Plume in Summer: Upwelling, Hypoxia, Reoxygenation and Enhanced Acidification X. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC019326
- Long-term trends in summer hypoxia and associated driving factors in the Pearl River Estuary, China Z. Lin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117456
- Response Process of Coastal Hypoxia to a Passing Typhoon in the East China Sea Q. Meng et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.892797
- Strong Habitat Compression by Extreme Shoaling Events of Hypoxic Waters in the Eastern Pacific E. Köhn et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018429
- Sediment oxygen uptake and hypoxia in coastal oceans, the Pearl River Estuary region J. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122499
- Drivers of Phytoplankton Variability in and Near the Pearl River Estuary, South China Sea During Typhoon Hato (2017): A Numerical Study Y. Feng et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JG006924
- Observational studies of the effects of wind mixing and biological process on the vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen off the Changjiang Estuary Y. Miao et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1081688
- 河流冲淡水与上升流耦合对珠江口生物地球化学过程的影响 燕. 汪 et al. https://doi.org/10.1360/N072025-0249
- Persistent eutrophication and hypoxia in the coastal ocean M. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.7
- Effects of Pearl River estuarine-front-induced convergence on formation of bottom hypoxia in summer J. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2026.1768899
- Effects of typhoon events on coastal hydrology, nutrients, and algal bloom dynamics: Insights from continuous observation and machine learning in semi-enclosed Zhanjiang Bay, China P. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171676
- Dominant inverse nonlinear energy cascades in coastal and inner shelf waters A. De Leo et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2528315123
- Carbonate dynamics in a tropical coastal system in the South China Sea featuring upwelling, river plumes and submarine groundwater discharge W. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-021-9963-8
- Coupled impacts of river plume and upwelling on biogeochemistry in the Pearl River Estuary Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-025-1925-2
- Cyclone‐induced mixing and stratification shape autumnal hypoxia in a temperate estuary C. Shen & J. Testa https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70107
- Tracks of typhoon movement (left and right sides) control marine dynamics and eco-environment in the coastal bays after typhoons: A case study in Zhanjiang Bay C. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168944
- Effects of typhoons on primary production and dissolved oxygen in the East China Sea W. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1376432
- Changes in hydrodynamics and nutrient load of the coastal bay induced by Typhoon Talim (2023) C. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1383528
- Role of Winds in Interrupting the Formation of Coastal Hypoxia K. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.839812
- Physical drivers of bio-optical properties in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area during the winter dry season W. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1523111
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 05 Jun 2026
Short summary
In situ oxygen consumption rates were estimated for the first time during destruction of coastal hypoxia as disturbed by a typhoon and its reinstatement in the South China Sea off the Pearl River estuary. The reinstatement of summer hypoxia was rapid with a comparable timescale with that of its initial disturbance from frequent tropical cyclones, which has important implications for better understanding the intermittent nature of coastal hypoxia and its prediction in a changing climate.
In situ oxygen consumption rates were estimated for the first time during destruction of coastal...
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