Articles | Volume 18, issue 23
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6213-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-6213-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
01 Dec 2021
Research article |
| 01 Dec 2021
| 01 Dec 2021
Modeling cyanobacteria life cycle dynamics and historical nitrogen fixation in the Baltic Proper
Jenny Hieronymus
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of research and development, Swedish Meteorological and
Hydrological Institute, 60175 Norrköping, Sweden
Kari Eilola
Department of research and development, Swedish Meteorological and
Hydrological Institute, 60175 Norrköping, Sweden
Malin Olofsson
Department of research and development, Swedish Meteorological and
Hydrological Institute, 60175 Norrköping, Sweden
Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
Inga Hense
Institute of Marine Ecosystem and Fishery Science, Universität
Hamburg, 22767 Hamburg, Germany
H. E. Markus Meier
Department of research and development, Swedish Meteorological and
Hydrological Institute, 60175 Norrköping, Sweden
Department of Physical Oceanography and Instrumentation, Leibniz
Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, 18119 Rostock, Germany
Elin Almroth-Rosell
Department of research and development, Swedish Meteorological and
Hydrological Institute, 60175 Norrköping, Sweden
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Cited
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Oceanographic regional climate projections for the Baltic Sea until 2100 H. Meier et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-159-2022
- A suggested climate service for cyanobacteria blooms in the Baltic Sea – Comparing three monitoring methods B. Karlson et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2022.102291
- Increased nutrient retention and cyanobacterial blooms in a future coastal zone I. Wåhlström et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108728
- Cyanophage technology in removal of cyanobacteria mediated harmful algal blooms: A novel and eco-friendly method P. Bhatt et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137769
- Assessing causal drivers of model-based cyanobacterial blooms along the South-East coast of India S. Budakoti https://doi.org/10.1080/1755876X.2025.2580153
- Environmental DNA-informed modeling improves water diversion for cyanobacterial bloom mitigation in urban river-lake networks Y. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44458-026-00088-w
- Dinitrogen fixation by open purple non-sulfur bacteria cultures for protein production: Diazotrophy boosts photoheterotrophic uptake rates M. Rosario Rodero et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132554
- Heterocysts of Rivularia Type for Interpreting a Palaeoenvironmental Context of the Late Quaternary in Northern Italy E. Clò & A. Florenzano https://doi.org/10.3390/su142215332
- Future increase of filamentous cyanobacteria in coastal Baltic Sea predicted by multiple realm models of marine, terrestrial, and climate change scenarios M. Abdelgadir et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.103439
- Retracing cyanobacteria blooms in the Baltic Sea U. Löptien & H. Dietze https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14880-w
- Temperature-dependent akinete formation strategies of the harmful cyanobacterium Dolichospermum circinale C. Park et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2024.102722
- Development of a pelagic biogeochemical model with enhanced computational performance by optimizing ecological complexity and spatial resolution A. Ertürk et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110509
- Validation of the coupled physical–biogeochemical ocean model NEMO–SCOBI for the North Sea–Baltic Sea system I. Ruvalcaba Baroni et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2087-2024
13 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Oceanographic regional climate projections for the Baltic Sea until 2100 H. Meier et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-159-2022
- A suggested climate service for cyanobacteria blooms in the Baltic Sea – Comparing three monitoring methods B. Karlson et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2022.102291
- Increased nutrient retention and cyanobacterial blooms in a future coastal zone I. Wåhlström et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108728
- Cyanophage technology in removal of cyanobacteria mediated harmful algal blooms: A novel and eco-friendly method P. Bhatt et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137769
- Assessing causal drivers of model-based cyanobacterial blooms along the South-East coast of India S. Budakoti https://doi.org/10.1080/1755876X.2025.2580153
- Environmental DNA-informed modeling improves water diversion for cyanobacterial bloom mitigation in urban river-lake networks Y. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44458-026-00088-w
- Dinitrogen fixation by open purple non-sulfur bacteria cultures for protein production: Diazotrophy boosts photoheterotrophic uptake rates M. Rosario Rodero et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132554
- Heterocysts of Rivularia Type for Interpreting a Palaeoenvironmental Context of the Late Quaternary in Northern Italy E. Clò & A. Florenzano https://doi.org/10.3390/su142215332
- Future increase of filamentous cyanobacteria in coastal Baltic Sea predicted by multiple realm models of marine, terrestrial, and climate change scenarios M. Abdelgadir et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.103439
- Retracing cyanobacteria blooms in the Baltic Sea U. Löptien & H. Dietze https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14880-w
- Temperature-dependent akinete formation strategies of the harmful cyanobacterium Dolichospermum circinale C. Park et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2024.102722
- Development of a pelagic biogeochemical model with enhanced computational performance by optimizing ecological complexity and spatial resolution A. Ertürk et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110509
- Validation of the coupled physical–biogeochemical ocean model NEMO–SCOBI for the North Sea–Baltic Sea system I. Ruvalcaba Baroni et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2087-2024
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 01 Jun 2026
Short summary
Dense blooms of cyanobacteria occur every summer in the Baltic Proper and can add to eutrophication by their ability to turn nitrogen gas into dissolved inorganic nitrogen. Being able to correctly estimate the size of this nitrogen fixation is important for management purposes. In this work, we find that the life cycle of cyanobacteria plays an important role in capturing the seasonality of the blooms as well as the size of nitrogen fixation in our ocean model.
Dense blooms of cyanobacteria occur every summer in the Baltic Proper and can add to...
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