Articles | Volume 22, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2749-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2749-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
18 Jun 2025
Research article |
| 18 Jun 2025
| 18 Jun 2025
Ocean alkalinity enhancement in an open-ocean ecosystem: biogeochemical responses and carbon storage durability
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Mathias Haunost
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Silvan Urs Goldenberg
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Jens Hartmann
Institute for Geology, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
Nicolás Sánchez
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Julieta Schneider
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Niels Suitner
Institute for Geology, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
Ulf Riebesell
Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Viewed
Total article views: 8,232 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 04 Mar 2024)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6,057 | 1,779 | 396 | 8,232 | 526 | 598 | 511 |
- HTML: 6,057
- PDF: 1,779
- XML: 396
- Total: 8,232
- Supplement: 526
- BibTeX: 598
- EndNote: 511
Total article views: 3,672 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 18 Jun 2025)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,692 | 751 | 229 | 3,672 | 234 | 300 | 261 |
- HTML: 2,692
- PDF: 751
- XML: 229
- Total: 3,672
- Supplement: 234
- BibTeX: 300
- EndNote: 261
Total article views: 4,560 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 04 Mar 2024)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,365 | 1,028 | 167 | 4,560 | 292 | 298 | 250 |
- HTML: 3,365
- PDF: 1,028
- XML: 167
- Total: 4,560
- Supplement: 292
- BibTeX: 298
- EndNote: 250
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 8,232 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 8,173 with geography defined
and 59 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,672 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,564 with geography defined
and 108 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 4,560 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 4,560 with geography defined
and 0 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Novel field trial for ocean alkalinity enhancement using electrochemically derived aqueous alkalinity A. Savoie et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenve.2025.1641277
- Spain's realistic potential for ocean alkalinity enhancement: Carbon dioxide removal through industrial integration S. Foteinis et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.149298
- Resilience of the gelatinous zooplankton species Oikopleura dioica to ocean alkalinity enhancement A. Bhaumik et al. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0344503
- Surface area and Ω-aragonite oversaturation as controls of the runaway precipitation process in ocean alkalinity enhancement N. Suitner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-3965-2026
- Mineral carbonation for permanent CO2 sequestration: Materials, mechanisms, and waste valorization B. Kamasani & R. Sebastian https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.103134
- Assessment of solid ikaite release into seawater – implications for ocean alkalinity enhancement S. Baltruschat et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106781
- Interactions between ocean alkalinity enhancement and phytoplankton in an Earth system model M. Seifert et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-5897-2025
- Carbon fixation of a temperate plankton community in response to calcium- and silicate-based Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement using air-sea gas exchange measurements J. Schneider et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-137-2026
- Guidance on integrating marine environmental impacts of ocean alkalinity enhancement into life cycle assessment M. Delval et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-026-02707-z
- The impact of NaOH, CaO, and [Ca2+] + [HCO3−] additions on PIC and POC formation in Los Angeles Harbor Waters R. Wani et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-5625-2026
- Resilience to Alkalinity Perturbations Reveals Ecosystem Stability under Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.34133/olar.0157
- Marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) in the Indian seas: current understanding, regional opportunities, and future directions S. Sonar et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-026-10311-7
- Ocean alkalinity enhancement reduces silica ballasting during export due to amplified dissolution P. Suessle et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-4691-2026
- Synergy of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement with Biological Carbon Pump for Marine CO2 Removal in the Coastal Ecosystem with Oysters S. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c09225
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Novel field trial for ocean alkalinity enhancement using electrochemically derived aqueous alkalinity A. Savoie et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenve.2025.1641277
- Spain's realistic potential for ocean alkalinity enhancement: Carbon dioxide removal through industrial integration S. Foteinis et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.149298
- Resilience of the gelatinous zooplankton species Oikopleura dioica to ocean alkalinity enhancement A. Bhaumik et al. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0344503
- Surface area and Ω-aragonite oversaturation as controls of the runaway precipitation process in ocean alkalinity enhancement N. Suitner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-3965-2026
- Mineral carbonation for permanent CO2 sequestration: Materials, mechanisms, and waste valorization B. Kamasani & R. Sebastian https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.103134
- Assessment of solid ikaite release into seawater – implications for ocean alkalinity enhancement S. Baltruschat et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106781
- Interactions between ocean alkalinity enhancement and phytoplankton in an Earth system model M. Seifert et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-5897-2025
- Carbon fixation of a temperate plankton community in response to calcium- and silicate-based Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement using air-sea gas exchange measurements J. Schneider et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-137-2026
- Guidance on integrating marine environmental impacts of ocean alkalinity enhancement into life cycle assessment M. Delval et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-026-02707-z
- The impact of NaOH, CaO, and [Ca2+] + [HCO3−] additions on PIC and POC formation in Los Angeles Harbor Waters R. Wani et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-5625-2026
- Resilience to Alkalinity Perturbations Reveals Ecosystem Stability under Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.34133/olar.0157
- Marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) in the Indian seas: current understanding, regional opportunities, and future directions S. Sonar et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-026-10311-7
- Ocean alkalinity enhancement reduces silica ballasting during export due to amplified dissolution P. Suessle et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-4691-2026
- Synergy of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement with Biological Carbon Pump for Marine CO2 Removal in the Coastal Ecosystem with Oysters S. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c09225
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 18 Sep 2026
Short summary
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is being assessed for its potential to absorb atmospheric CO2 and store it for a long time. OAE still needs comprehensive assessment of its safety and effectiveness. We studied an idealised OAE application in a natural low-nutrient ecosystem over 1 month. Our results showed that biogeochemical functioning remained mostly stable but that the long-term capability for storing carbon may be limited at high alkalinity concentration.
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is being assessed for its potential to absorb atmospheric CO2...
Special issue
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint