Articles | Volume 22, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-341-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-341-2025
Research article
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16 Jan 2025
Research article | Highlight paper |  | 16 Jan 2025

Efficiency metrics for ocean alkalinity enhancements under responsive and prescribed atmospheric pCO2 conditions

Michael D. Tyka

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This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).
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Cited articles

Bach, L. T., Ho, D. T., Boyd, P. W., and Tyka, M. D.: Toward a consensus framework to evaluate air-sea CO2 equilibration for marine CO2 removal, Limnol. Oceanogr. Lett., 8, 685–691, https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10330, 2023. a
Broecker, W. and Peng, T.: Tracers in the Sea, Eldigio Press, New York, ISBN-13 9789993186724, ISBN-10 9993186724, 1982. a
Burt, D. J., Fröb, F., and Ilyina, T.: The Sensitivity of the Marine Carbonate System to Regional Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement, Frontiers in Climate, 3, 624075, https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2021.624075, 2021. a, b
Carroll, D., Menemenlis, D., Adkins, J. F., Bowman, K. W., Brix, H., Dutkiewicz, S., Fenty, I., Gierach, M. M., Hill, C., Jahn, O., Landschützer, P., Lauderdale, J. M., Liu, J., Manizza, M., Naviaux, J. D., Rödenbeck, C., Schimel, D. S., Van der Stocken, T., and Zhang, H.: The ECCO-Darwin Data-Assimilative Global Ocean Biogeochemistry Model: Estimates of Seasonal to Multidecadal Surface Ocean pCO2 and Air-Sea CO2 Flux, J. Adv. Model. Earth Sy., 12, e2019MS001888, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001888, 2020. a
Crisp, D., Dolman, H., Tanhua, T., McKinley, G. A., Hauck, J., Bastos, A., Sitch, S., Eggleston, S., and Aich, V.: How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle?, Rev. Geophys., 60, e2021RG000736, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021RG000736, 2022. a, b
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Co-editor-in-chief
Assessing the efficiency and durability of marine carbon dioxide removal (CDR) requires the development of clear measurement, reporting, and verification protocols. In this contribution, Michael Tyke presents a path forward into the robust quantification of marine CDR, presenting and explaining how different metrics can be used, providing new tools for modellers, observationalists, and policymakers.
Short summary
Marine CO2 removal (mCDR) is a promising technology for removing legacy emissions from the atmosphere. Its indirect nature makes it difficult to assess experimentally; instead one relies heavily on simulation. Many past papers have treated the atmosphere as non-responsive to the intervention studied. We show that even under these simplified assumptions, the increase in ocean CO2 inventory is equal to the equivalent quantity of direct CO2 removals occurring over time, in a realistic atmosphere.
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