Articles | Volume 22, issue 15
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3821-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3821-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
07 Aug 2025
Research article |
| 07 Aug 2025
| 07 Aug 2025
Lake anoxia, primary production, and algal community shifts in response to rapid climate changes during the Late Glacial
Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, Universität Bern, Hochschulstrasse 4, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Geography, Universität Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Noé R. M. M. Schmidhauser
Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, Universität Bern, Hochschulstrasse 4, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Geography, Universität Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Martin Grosjean
Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, Universität Bern, Hochschulstrasse 4, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Geography, Universität Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Andrea Lami
Water Research Institute (CRN-IRSA), Unit Verbania, Viale Tonolli 50, 28922 Verbania, Italy
Petra Boltshauser-Kaltenrieder
Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, Universität Bern, Hochschulstrasse 4, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Plant Sciences, Universität Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 2013 Bern, Switzerland
Jacqueline F. N. van Leeuwen
Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, Universität Bern, Hochschulstrasse 4, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Plant Sciences, Universität Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 2013 Bern, Switzerland
Hendrik Vogel
Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, Universität Bern, Hochschulstrasse 4, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Geology, Universität Bern, Baltzerstrasse 1, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Petra Zahajská
Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, Universität Bern, Hochschulstrasse 4, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Institute of Geography, Universität Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Biogeosciences, 22, 5483–5496, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-5483-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-5483-2025, 2025
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Our research explores microbial sulfur cycling in the 13 500-year-old sediment record of a sulfate-rich alpine lake. We present evidence for active sulfur cycling across sediment layers, even in sulfate-depleted zones, driven by uncultivated microorganisms. In addition, rapid organic matter sulfurization could contribute to its preservation. These findings enhance our understanding of the role of sulfur in organic matter preservation and deep biosphere processes.
Jasmine S. Berg, Paula C. Rodriguez, Cara Magnabosco, Longhui Deng, Stefano M. Bernasconi, Hendrik Vogel, Marina Morlock, and Mark A. Lever
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2102, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2102, 2023
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The addition of sulfur to organic matter is generally thought to protect it from microbial degradation. We analyzed buried sulfur compounds in a 10-m sediment core representing the entire ~13,500 year history of an alpine lake. Surprisingly, organic sulfur and pyrite formed very rapidly and were characterized by very light isotope signatures that suggest active microbial sulfur cycling in the deep subsurface.
Paul D. Zander, Stefanie B. Wirth, Adrian Gilli, Sandro Peduzzi, and Martin Grosjean
Biogeosciences, 20, 2221–2235, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2221-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2221-2023, 2023
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This study shows, for the first time, that hyperspectral imaging can detect bacteriochlorophyll pigments produced by green sulfur bacteria in sediment cores. We tested our method on cores from Lake Cadagno, Switzerland, and were able to reconstruct high-resolution variations in the abundance of green and purple sulfur bacteria over the past 12 700 years. Climate conditions, flood events, and land use had major impacts on the lake’s biogeochemical conditions over short and long timescales.
Paul D. Zander, Maurycy Żarczyński, Wojciech Tylmann, Shauna-kay Rainford, and Martin Grosjean
Clim. Past, 17, 2055–2071, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2055-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2055-2021, 2021
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High-resolution geochemical imaging techniques provide new opportunities to investigate the biogeochemical composition of sediments at micrometer scale. Here, we compare biogeochemical data from biochemical varves with meteorological data to understand how seasonal meteorological variations are recorded in varve composition. We find that these scanning techniques help to clarify climate–proxy relationships in biochemical varves and show great potential for high-resolution climate reconstruction.
Petra Zahajská, Carolina Olid, Johanna Stadmark, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Sophie Opfergelt, and Daniel J. Conley
Biogeosciences, 18, 2325–2345, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2325-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2325-2021, 2021
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The drivers of high accumulation of single-cell siliceous algae (diatoms) in a high-latitude lake have not been fully characterized before. We studied silicon cycling of the lake through water, radon, silicon, and stable silicon isotope balances. Results showed that groundwater brings 3 times more water and dissolved silica than the stream inlet. We demonstrate that groundwater discharge and low sediment deposition have driven the high diatom accumulation in the studied lake in the past century.
Stamatina Makri, Andrea Lami, Luyao Tu, Wojciech Tylmann, Hendrik Vogel, and Martin Grosjean
Biogeosciences, 18, 1839–1856, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1839-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1839-2021, 2021
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Anoxia in lakes is a major growing concern. In this study we applied a multiproxy approach combining high-resolution hyperspectral imaging (HSI) pigment data with specific HPLC data to examine the Holocene evolution and main drivers of lake anoxia and trophic state changes. We find that when human impact was low, these changes were driven by climate and natural lake-catchment evolution. In the last 500 years, increasing human impact has promoted lake eutrophication and permanent anoxia.
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Short summary
Climate warming speeds up lake eutrophication, creating “dead zones” where aquatic life suffocates due to oxygen depletion. The sediments of Amsoldingersee, a Swiss lake, revealed how climate shifts impacted the lake around 10 000–18 000 years ago. (1) Algal composition differed between both cold and warm periods. (2) Nutrient additions from dust controlled algal growth more than temperature. (3) Cold periods with ice cover led to oxygen depletion. (4) Algal communities recovered after anoxic phases.
Climate warming speeds up lake eutrophication, creating “dead zones” where aquatic life...
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