Articles | Volume 22, issue 22
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-7117-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-7117-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
24 Nov 2025
Research article |
| 24 Nov 2025
| 24 Nov 2025
Plant phenology evaluation of CRESCENDO land surface models using satellite-derived Leaf Area Index – Part 2: Seasonal trough, peak, and amplitude
CMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change, Bologna, Italy
Deborah Hemming
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
Christine Delire
Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques, UMR3589, Université de Toulouse/Météo-France/CNRS, Toulouse, France
Yuanchao Fan
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua, China
NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Hanna Lee
NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Department of Biology, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Stefano Materia
Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
CMCC Foundation – Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change, Bologna, Italy
Julia E. M. S. Nabel
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
Taejin Park
NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, Moffett Field, CA, USA
David Wårlind
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Andy Wiltshire
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK
Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
Sönke Zaehle
Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
Model code and software
4 Growing Season Type (4GST) code D. Peano https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4680992
Short summary
Earth System Models are the principal tools for scientists to study past, present, and future climate changes. This work investigates the ability of a set of them to represent the observed changes in vegetation, which are vital to estimating the impact of future climate mitigation and adaptation strategies. This study highlights the main limitations in correctly representing vegetation variability. These tools still need further development to improve our understanding of future changes.
Earth System Models are the principal tools for scientists to study past, present, and future...
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