Articles | Volume 23, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-565-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-565-2026
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21 Jan 2026
Research article | Highlight paper |  | 21 Jan 2026

Multi-scale dynamics of carbon dioxide flux and its environmental drivers in the Pantanal wetland

Tarcis A. O. dos Santos, Alberto S. de Arruda, Paulo H. Z. de Arruda, and Gilney F. Zebende

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This study examines how a major tropical wetland influences carbon exchange with the atmosphere. High-resolution CO₂ flux data from the Pantanal revealed a pattern in net ecosystem exchange that hints at an internal stabilising process in the carbon cycle of these wetlands. The work helps address a major observational gap in one of the most important yet least monitored floodplains. By applying advanced time-series methods to a uniquely detailed dataset, the study offers a framework that can be used widely in climate and ecosystem research. The findings are especially timely and relevant in view of current discussions about global carbon budgets and climate resilience.
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Our study uncovers the Pantanal's fragile carbon rhythm. Using an environmental monitoring tower, we found the world's largest wetland absorbs carbon in the wet season but releases it during drought. This finely balanced, water-driven cycle is critical for predicting its response to climate change and for protecting this globally important ecosystem.
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