Articles | Volume 23, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-683-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-683-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
26 Jan 2026
Research article |
| 26 Jan 2026
| 26 Jan 2026
Upscaling of soil methane fluxes from topographic attributes derived from a digital elevation model in a cold temperate mountain forest
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Japan
Keisuke Yuasa
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Japan
Masako Dannoura
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Japan
Daniel Epron
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Japan
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The rapid expansion of rubber cultivation constitutes a significant land-use change in Southeast Asia. Despite fertilization being a common practice in rubber plantations, its impact on soil methane (CH4) dynamics has remained poorly understood. Our study demonstrates that fertilization not only reduces soil CH4 consumption but also increases CH4 production, transforming rubber plantations from a net CH4 sink to a source. Implementing rational fertilization could enhance atmospheric CH4 removal.
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The rapid expansion of rubber cultivation constitutes a significant land-use change in Southeast Asia. Despite fertilization being a common practice in rubber plantations, its impact on soil methane (CH4) dynamics has remained poorly understood. Our study demonstrates that fertilization not only reduces soil CH4 consumption but also increases CH4 production, transforming rubber plantations from a net CH4 sink to a source. Implementing rational fertilization could enhance atmospheric CH4 removal.
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Tropical forest soils are vital for methane uptake, but deforestation and agriculture can alter soil methane oxidation. An experiment in Thailand shows that fertilization significantly suppresses methane oxidation in rubber plantation soils, affecting depths up to 60 cm. Without fertilization, deeper soil layers (below 10 cm) actively oxidize methane. These findings suggest that fertilization negatively impacts the methane uptake capacity of deep-layer soils in rubber plantations.
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Short summary
We used a machine learning approach to upscale CH4 fluxes over time on non-waterlogged soil in a topographically complex mountain forest. Predicted CH4 fluxes varied significantly across topographic positions, with greater uptake on ridges and slopes than on the plain and foot slopes. Recent past precipitations significantly influenced seasonal CH4 uptake. Our findings highlight the role of topography and the potential of remote sensing and machine learning to map CH4 fluxes.
We used a machine learning approach to upscale CH4 fluxes over time on non-waterlogged soil in a...
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