Articles | Volume 13, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1223-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1223-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
29 Feb 2016
Research article |
| 29 Feb 2016
Age structure, carbonate production and shell loss rate in an Early Miocene reef of the giant oyster Crassostrea gryphoides
Mathias Harzhauser
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Natural History Museum Vienna, Geological-Paleontological
Department, Vienna, Austria
Ana Djuricic
TU Wien, Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Vienna,
Austria
Oleg Mandic
Natural History Museum Vienna, Geological-Paleontological
Department, Vienna, Austria
Thomas A. Neubauer
Natural History Museum Vienna, Geological-Paleontological
Department, Vienna, Austria
Martin Zuschin
University of Vienna, Department of Paleontology, Vienna,
Austria
Norbert Pfeifer
TU Wien, Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Vienna,
Austria
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This research describes the occurrence of Precambrian fossils, with exceptionally well preserved morphology in 3D. These microfossils reach a size of millimeters (possibly up to centimeters) and thus indicate the presence of multicellular eukaryotes. Many of them are filamentous, but other types were also found. These fossils lived in a depth of several hundred meters and thus provide good evidence of a continental the deep biosphere, from a time generally considered as the
boring billion.
Adam Tomašových, Michaela Berensmeier, Ivo Gallmetzer, Alexandra Haselmair, and Martin Zuschin
Biogeosciences, 18, 5929–5965, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5929-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5929-2021, 2021
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The timescale of mixing and irrigation of sediments by burrowers that affect biogeochemical cycles is difficult to estimate in the stratigraphic record. We show that pyrite linings in molluscan shells preserved below the mixed layer represent a signature of limited bioirrigation. We document an increase in the frequency of pyrite-lined shells in cores collected in the northern Adriatic Sea, suggesting that bioirrigation rates significantly declined during the late 20th century.
Julia Bres, Pierre Sepulchre, Nicolas Viovy, and Nicolas Vuichard
Biogeosciences, 18, 5729–5750, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5729-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5729-2021, 2021
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We emulate angiosperm paleo-traits in a land surface model according to the fossil record, and we assess this paleovegetation functioning under different pCO2 from the leaf scale to the global scale. We show that photosynthesis, transpiration and water-use efficiency are dependent on both the vegetation parameterization and the pCO2. Comparing the modeled vegetation with the fossil record, we provide clues on how to account for angiosperm evolutionary traits in paleoclimate simulations.
Sergio Cohuo, Laura Macario-González, Sebastian Wagner, Katrin Naumann, Paula Echeverría-Galindo, Liseth Pérez, Jason Curtis, Mark Brenner, and Antje Schwalb
Biogeosciences, 17, 145–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-145-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-145-2020, 2020
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We evaluated how freshwater ostracode species responded to long-term and abrupt climate fluctuations during the last 155 kyr in the northern Neotropical region. We used fossil records and species distribution modelling. Fossil evidence suggests negligible effects of long-term climate variations on aquatic niche stability. Models suggest that abrupt climate fluctuation forced species to migrate south to Central America. Micro-refugia and meta-populations can explain survival of endemic species.
Johan Vellekoop, Lineke Woelders, Appy Sluijs, Kenneth G. Miller, and Robert P. Speijer
Biogeosciences, 16, 4201–4210, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4201-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4201-2019, 2019
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Our micropaleontological analyses on three cores from New Jersey (USA) show that the late Maastrichtian warming event (66.4–66.1 Ma), characterized by a ~ 4.0 °C warming of sea waters on the New Jersey paleoshelf, resulted in a disruption of phytoplankton communities and a stressed benthic ecosystem. This increased ecosystem stress during the latest Maastrichtian potentially primed global ecosystems for the subsequent mass extinction following the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary impact.
Baptiste Suchéras-Marx, Emanuela Mattioli, Pascal Allemand, Fabienne Giraud, Bernard Pittet, Julien Plancq, and Gilles Escarguel
Biogeosciences, 16, 2501–2510, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2501-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2501-2019, 2019
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Calcareous nannoplankton are photosynthetic plankton producing micrometric calcite platelets having a fossil record covering the past 200 Myr. Based on species richness, platelets size and abundance we observed four evolution phases through time: Jurassic–Early Cretaceous invasion phase of the open ocean, Early Cretaceous–K–Pg extinction specialization phase to the ecological niches, post-K–Pg mass extinction recovery and Eocene–Neogene establishment phase with domination of a few small species.
Sabrina van de Velde, Elisabeth L. Jorissen, Thomas A. Neubauer, Silviu Radan, Ana Bianca Pavel, Marius Stoica, Christiaan G. C. Van Baak, Alberto Martínez Gándara, Luis Popa, Henko de Stigter, Hemmo A. Abels, Wout Krijgsman, and Frank P. Wesselingh
Biogeosciences, 16, 2423–2442, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2423-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2423-2019, 2019
Kweku Afrifa Yamoah, Nolwenn Callac, Ernest Chi Fru, Barbara Wohlfarth, Alan Wiech, Akkaneewut Chabangborn, and Rienk H. Smittenberg
Biogeosciences, 13, 3971–3980, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3971-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3971-2016, 2016
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Predicting the effects of changing climate on microbial community shifts on longer timescales can be challenging. This study exploits the power of combining organic geochemistry, molecular microbial ecology, and geochemistry to unravel trends in microbial community induced by climatic variability. Our results show that climate-induced variability on decadal timescales can trigger changes in both lake trophic status and phytoplankton communities.
Perran L. M. Cook, Miles Jennings, Daryl P. Holland, John Beardall, Christy Briles, Atun Zawadzki, Phuong Doan, Keely Mills, and Peter Gell
Biogeosciences, 13, 3677–3686, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3677-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3677-2016, 2016
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The Gippsland Lakes, Australia, have suffered from periodic blooms of cyanobacteria (blue green algae) since the mid 1980s. Prior to this, little is known about the history of cyanobacterial blooms in this system. We investigated the history of cyanobacterial blooms using a sediment core taken from the Gippsland Lakes which had each layer dated using lead isotopes. The results showed that surprising blooms of cyanobacteria were also prevalent prior to European settlement
X. S. Zhang, J. M. Reed, J. H. Lacey, A. Francke, M. J. Leng, Z. Levkov, and B. Wagner
Biogeosciences, 13, 1351–1365, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1351-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1351-2016, 2016
K. Michaelian and A. Simeonov
Biogeosciences, 12, 4913–4937, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4913-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4913-2015, 2015
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We show that the fundamental molecules of life (those common to all three domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota), including nucleotides, amino acids, enzyme cofactors, and porphyrin agglomerates, absorb light strongly from 230 to 280nm (in the UV-C) and have chemical affinity to RNA and DNA. This supports the "thermodynamic dissipation theory for the origin of life", which suggests that life arose and evolved as a response to dissipating the prevailing Archaean UV-C sunlight into heat.
D. Bolshiyanov, A. Makarov, and L. Savelieva
Biogeosciences, 12, 579–593, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-579-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-579-2015, 2015
P. Bragée, F. Mazier, A. B. Nielsen, P. Rosén, D. Fredh, A. Broström, W. Granéli, and D. Hammarlund
Biogeosciences, 12, 307–322, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-307-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-307-2015, 2015
I. Ruvalcaba Baroni, R. P. M. Topper, N. A. G. M. van Helmond, H. Brinkhuis, and C. P. Slomp
Biogeosciences, 11, 977–993, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-977-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-977-2014, 2014
M. Taviani, L. Angeletti, A. Ceregato, F. Foglini, C. Froglia, and F. Trincardi
Biogeosciences, 10, 4653–4671, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4653-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4653-2013, 2013
S. J. Gibbs, P. R. Bown, B. H. Murphy, A. Sluijs, K. M. Edgar, H. Pälike, C. T. Bolton, and J. C. Zachos
Biogeosciences, 9, 4679–4688, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4679-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4679-2012, 2012
Z. C. Yu
Biogeosciences, 9, 4071–4085, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4071-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4071-2012, 2012
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Short summary
We present the first analysis of population structure and cohort distribution in a fossil oyster reef. Data are derived from Terrestrial Laser Scanning of a Miocene shell bed covering 459 m². A growth model was calculated, revealing this species as the giant oyster Crassostrea gryphoides was the fastest growing oyster known so far. The shell half-lives range around few years, indicating that oyster reefs were geologically short-lived structures, which were degraded on a decadal scale.
We present the first analysis of population structure and cohort distribution in a fossil oyster...
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