Articles | Volume 14, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-817-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-817-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Coral mortality induced by the 2015–2016 El-Niño in Indonesia: the effect of rapid sea level fall
Eghbert Elvan Ampou
UMR9220 ENTROPIE, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, B.P.A5, 98848, Noumea, New Caledonia
Institute for Marine Research and Observation, SEACORM/INDESO center, Jl. Baru Perancak, Negara-Jembrana, Bali 82251, Indonesia
Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, CNES, UPS, 14 avenue Edouard-Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Ofri Johan
Research and Development Institute for Ornamental Fish Culture, Jl. Perikanan No. 13, Pancoran Mas, Kota Depok, Jawa Barat 16436, Indonesia
Christophe E. Menkes
Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et Approches Numériques, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, IPSL, UMR CNRS/IRD/MNHN, B.P.A5-98848, Noumea, New Caledonia
Fernando Niño
Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, CNES, UPS, 14 avenue Edouard-Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Florence Birol
Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, CNES, UPS, 14 avenue Edouard-Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Sylvain Ouillon
Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, CNES, UPS, 14 avenue Edouard-Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
UMR9220 ENTROPIE, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de la Réunion, CNRS, B.P.A5, 98848, Noumea, New Caledonia
Institute for Marine Research and Observation, SEACORM/INDESO center, Jl. Baru Perancak, Negara-Jembrana, Bali 82251, Indonesia
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- Environmental Drivers of Variation in Bleaching Severity of Acropora Species during an Extreme Thermal Anomaly M. Hoogenboom et al. 10.3389/fmars.2017.00376
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Discussed (final revised paper)
Latest update: 14 Dec 2024
Short summary
The 2015–2016 El Niño was the strongest on record and has generated significant coral bleaching and mortality worldwide. In Indonesia, first signs of bleaching were reported in April 2016. However, we show that this El Niño has impacted Indonesian reefs since 2015 through a different process than temperature-induced bleaching. Another El Niño-induced process, sea level fall, is responsible for significant coral mortality on North Sulawesi shallow reefs, and probably throughout Indonesia.
The 2015–2016 El Niño was the strongest on record and has generated significant coral bleaching...
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