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Articles | Volume 14, issue 4
Articles | Volume 14, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-817-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-817-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Articles | Volume 14, issue 4
Research article
 | 
24 Feb 2017
Research article |  | 24 Feb 2017

Coral mortality induced by the 2015–2016 El-Niño in Indonesia: the effect of rapid sea level fall

Eghbert Elvan Ampou, Ofri Johan, Christophe E. Menkes, Fernando Niño, Florence Birol, Sylvain Ouillon, and Serge Andréfouët

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Cited articles

Ampou, E. E.: Caractérisation de la résilience des communautés benthiques récifales par analyse d'images à très haute résolution multi-sources: le cas du Parc National de Bunaken, Indonésie, PhD Dissertation; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse, France, 2016.
Andréfouët, S., Pages, J., and Tartinville, B.: Water renewal time for classification of atoll lagoons in the Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia), Coral Reefs, 20, 399–408, 2001.
Andréfouët, S., Ardhuin, F., Queffeulou, P., and Le Gendre, R.: Island shadow effects and the wave climate of the Western Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia) inferred from altimetry and numerical model data, Mar. Poll. Bull., 65, 415–424, 2012.
Anthony, K. R. N. and Kerswell, A. P.: Coral mortality following extreme low tides and high solar radiation, Mar. Biol., 151, 1623–1631, 2007.
Babcock, R.: Reproduction and development of the blue coral Heliopora coerulea (Alcyonaria: Coenothecalia), Mar. Biol., 104, 475–481, 1990.
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The 2015–2016 El Niño was the strongest on record and has generated significant coral bleaching and mortality worldwide. In Indonesia, first signs of bleaching were reported in April 2016. However, we show that this El Niño has impacted Indonesian reefs since 2015 through a different process than temperature-induced bleaching. Another El Niño-induced process, sea level fall, is responsible for significant coral mortality on North Sulawesi shallow reefs, and probably throughout Indonesia.
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