Articles | Volume 18, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-135-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-135-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
08 Jan 2021
Research article |
| 08 Jan 2021
| 08 Jan 2021
A climate-dependent global model of ammonia emissions from chicken farming
School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Crew Building,
Alexander Crum Brown Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
David S. Stevenson
School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Crew Building,
Alexander Crum Brown Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
Aimable Uwizeye
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Animal
Production and Health Division, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
Giuseppe Tempio
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Animal
Production and Health Division, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
Mark A. Sutton
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh, Bush Estate,
Midlothian, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UK
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Cited
26 citations as recorded by crossref.
- EFFECTS OF DIETARY FERMENTED MEALWORM LARVAE AND STOCKING DENSITY ON MANURE AMMONIA GAS CONCENTRATIONS OF BROILERS S. Yazarel et al. https://doi.org/10.36899/japs.2025.1.0016
- Effectiveness of mixing poultry litter compost with rice husk biochar in mitigating ammonia volatilization and carbon dioxide emission H. Alarefee et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117051
- Determination of the Requirements of Standardized Ileal Digestible Methionine Plus Cysteine and Lysine in Male Chicks of a Layer Breed (LSL Classic) During the Starter Period (1–21 d) K. Schemmann et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry5010011
- Evaluation of a Precision Biotic on the Growth Performance, Welfare Indicators, Ammonia Output, and Litter Quality of Broiler Chickens V. Jacquier et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030231
- Improving spatial and temporal variation of ammonia emissions for the Netherlands using livestock housing information and a Sentinel-2-derived crop map X. Ge et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2023.100207
- Advancement in integrated ammonia synthesis, and its techno-economic analysis, emission index, and contribution to the hydrogen 2.0 economy R. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.131030
- Atmospheric ammonia concentration measurements in Japanese laying hen buildings and modeling for emission inventory T. Yoshida et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2026.100422
- Circadian variation in ammonia levels in broiler chickens raised under different climate conditions J. de Torres Bandeira et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2021.1999097
- Effects of Key Farm Management Practices on Pullets Welfare—A Review X. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12060729
- Climate Change, Air Quality, and Pollen Allergies—State of the Art and Recommendations for Research and Public Health J. Augustin et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70159
- Characterization of Particle Size Distributions and Water-Soluble Ions in Particulate Matter Measured at a Broiler Farm P. Silva et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13071284
- Volatile organic compound emissions in free-range chicken production: Impacts on environment, welfare and sustainability K. Huanhong et al. https://doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2023058
- A dynamical process-based model for quantifying global agricultural ammonia emissions – AMmonia–CLIMate v1.0 (AMCLIM v1.0) – Part 2: Livestock farming J. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-5051-2025
- Ammonia emissions and dispersion from broiler production L. Harper et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20227
- Evolution of research on air emissions from agricultural activities: A comprehensive review Á. Trivino et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-35635-2
- Chicken manure as an organic fertilizer: composting technologies and impact on soil properties (a review) M. Semenov et al. https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2023-115-160-198
- Impact of dietary protease supplementation on broiler performance and gas emissions: A meta-analysis Y. Wijayanti et al. https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.2025021
- Impact of interannual weather variation on ammonia emissions and concentrations in Germany X. Ge et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109432
- Sensor film based on electrical resistance of graphene nanoplatelets and polystyrene (XGNP/PS): fabrication, characterization, and application J. Costa et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08409-0
- Global warming increases ammonia emissions and reduces the efficacy of mitigation actions J. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03404-3
- Microalgae Applications in the Agricultural and Food Sector: Towards a Sustainable Future E. Radican et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31030457
- Formation of Secondary Inorganic PM2.5 as Impacted by Ammonia Concentrations near an Animal Feeding Operation B. Stratton et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17020188
- Covering reduces emissions of ammonia, methane, and nitrous oxide from stockpiled broiler litter J. Kamp & A. Feilberg https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2024.10.002
- A dynamical process-based model for quantifying global agricultural ammonia emissions – AMmonia–CLIMate v1.0 (AMCLIM v1.0) – Part 1: Land module for simulating emissions from synthetic fertilizer use J. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-8181-2024
- Characterizing amino compounds in indoor poultry farms: air quality and its impact on workers and chickens in Canadian egg farms X. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EM00254G
- A framework for gridded estimates of ammonia emissions from agriculture in South Asia S. Tomlinson et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2349-2026
26 citations as recorded by crossref.
- EFFECTS OF DIETARY FERMENTED MEALWORM LARVAE AND STOCKING DENSITY ON MANURE AMMONIA GAS CONCENTRATIONS OF BROILERS S. Yazarel et al. https://doi.org/10.36899/japs.2025.1.0016
- Effectiveness of mixing poultry litter compost with rice husk biochar in mitigating ammonia volatilization and carbon dioxide emission H. Alarefee et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117051
- Determination of the Requirements of Standardized Ileal Digestible Methionine Plus Cysteine and Lysine in Male Chicks of a Layer Breed (LSL Classic) During the Starter Period (1–21 d) K. Schemmann et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry5010011
- Evaluation of a Precision Biotic on the Growth Performance, Welfare Indicators, Ammonia Output, and Litter Quality of Broiler Chickens V. Jacquier et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030231
- Improving spatial and temporal variation of ammonia emissions for the Netherlands using livestock housing information and a Sentinel-2-derived crop map X. Ge et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2023.100207
- Advancement in integrated ammonia synthesis, and its techno-economic analysis, emission index, and contribution to the hydrogen 2.0 economy R. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.131030
- Atmospheric ammonia concentration measurements in Japanese laying hen buildings and modeling for emission inventory T. Yoshida et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2026.100422
- Circadian variation in ammonia levels in broiler chickens raised under different climate conditions J. de Torres Bandeira et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2021.1999097
- Effects of Key Farm Management Practices on Pullets Welfare—A Review X. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12060729
- Climate Change, Air Quality, and Pollen Allergies—State of the Art and Recommendations for Research and Public Health J. Augustin et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70159
- Characterization of Particle Size Distributions and Water-Soluble Ions in Particulate Matter Measured at a Broiler Farm P. Silva et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13071284
- Volatile organic compound emissions in free-range chicken production: Impacts on environment, welfare and sustainability K. Huanhong et al. https://doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2023058
- A dynamical process-based model for quantifying global agricultural ammonia emissions – AMmonia–CLIMate v1.0 (AMCLIM v1.0) – Part 2: Livestock farming J. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-5051-2025
- Ammonia emissions and dispersion from broiler production L. Harper et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20227
- Evolution of research on air emissions from agricultural activities: A comprehensive review Á. Trivino et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-35635-2
- Chicken manure as an organic fertilizer: composting technologies and impact on soil properties (a review) M. Semenov et al. https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2023-115-160-198
- Impact of dietary protease supplementation on broiler performance and gas emissions: A meta-analysis Y. Wijayanti et al. https://doi.org/10.31893/jabb.2025021
- Impact of interannual weather variation on ammonia emissions and concentrations in Germany X. Ge et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109432
- Sensor film based on electrical resistance of graphene nanoplatelets and polystyrene (XGNP/PS): fabrication, characterization, and application J. Costa et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08409-0
- Global warming increases ammonia emissions and reduces the efficacy of mitigation actions J. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03404-3
- Microalgae Applications in the Agricultural and Food Sector: Towards a Sustainable Future E. Radican et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31030457
- Formation of Secondary Inorganic PM2.5 as Impacted by Ammonia Concentrations near an Animal Feeding Operation B. Stratton et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17020188
- Covering reduces emissions of ammonia, methane, and nitrous oxide from stockpiled broiler litter J. Kamp & A. Feilberg https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2024.10.002
- A dynamical process-based model for quantifying global agricultural ammonia emissions – AMmonia–CLIMate v1.0 (AMCLIM v1.0) – Part 1: Land module for simulating emissions from synthetic fertilizer use J. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-8181-2024
- Characterizing amino compounds in indoor poultry farms: air quality and its impact on workers and chickens in Canadian egg farms X. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EM00254G
- A framework for gridded estimates of ammonia emissions from agriculture in South Asia S. Tomlinson et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2349-2026
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 01 Jun 2026
Short summary
Ammonia is a key water and air pollutant and impacts human health and climate change. Ammonia emissions mainly originate from agriculture. We find that chicken agriculture contributes to large ammonia emissions, especially in hot and wet regions. These emissions can be greatly affected by the local environment, i.e. temperature and humidity, and also by human management. We develop a model that suggests ammonia emissions from chicken farming are likely to increase under a warming climate.
Ammonia is a key water and air pollutant and impacts human health and climate change. Ammonia...
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