Articles | Volume 18, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2221-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2221-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
01 Apr 2021
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 01 Apr 2021
| 01 Apr 2021
Arctic Ocean acidification over the 21st century co-driven by anthropogenic carbon increases and freshening in the CMIP6 model ensemble
Jens Terhaar
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Olivier Torres
LMD/IPSL, Ecole Normale Supérieure/PSL Université, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
Timothée Bourgeois
NORCE Norwegian Research Centre and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Lester Kwiatkowski
LOCEAN/IPSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, MNHN, Paris, France
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Cited
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Phytoplankton responses to increasing Arctic river discharge under the present and future climate simulations J. Park et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/acd568
- Regional sensitivity patterns of Arctic Ocean acidification revealed with machine learning J. Krasting et al. 10.1038/s43247-022-00419-4
- Composite model-based estimate of the ocean carbon sink from 1959 to 2022 J. Terhaar 10.5194/bg-22-1631-2025
- Influences of Global Warming and Upwelling on the Acidification in the Beaufort Sea M. Jin et al. 10.3390/rs17050866
- Impact of climate change on Arctic macroalgal communities A. Lebrun et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103980
- Dynamically downscaled projections of ocean acidification for the Bering Sea D. Pilcher et al. 10.1016/j.dsr2.2022.105055
- Applications of biogeochemical models in different marine environments: a review K. Ismail & M. Al-Shehhi 10.3389/fenvs.2023.1198856
- Transcriptomic insights into the antagonistic responses of Antarctic marbled rockcod, Notothenia rossii, to elevated temperature and acidification S. Lee et al. 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117249
- Polar oceans and sea ice in a changing climate M. Willis et al. 10.1525/elementa.2023.00056
- Nutrient and Silicon Isotope Dynamics in the Laptev Sea and Implications for Nutrient Availability in the Transpolar Drift G. Laukert et al. 10.1029/2022GB007316
- Drivers of decadal trends in the ocean carbon sink in the past, present, and future in Earth system models J. Terhaar 10.5194/bg-21-3903-2024
- Southern Ocean phytoplankton under climate change: a shifting balance of bottom-up and top-down control T. Xue et al. 10.5194/bg-21-2473-2024
- Permafrost thaw subsidence, sea-level rise, and erosion are transforming Alaska’s Arctic coastal zone R. Creel et al. 10.1073/pnas.2409411121
- Global Surface Ocean Acidification Indicators From 1750 to 2100 L. Jiang et al. 10.1029/2022MS003563
- The emergence of the Gulf Stream and interior western boundary as key regions to constrain the future North Atlantic carbon uptake N. Goris et al. 10.5194/gmd-16-2095-2023
- Acidification of the Nordic Seas F. Fransner et al. 10.5194/bg-19-979-2022
- Atlantic overturning inferred from air-sea heat fluxes indicates no decline since the 1960s J. Terhaar et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-55297-5
- Larval Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) exhibit stronger developmental and physiological responses to temperature than to elevated pCO2 E. Slesinger et al. 10.1111/jfb.70082
- Ocean acidification in emission-driven temperature stabilization scenarios: the role of TCRE and non-CO2 greenhouse gases J. Terhaar et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/acaf91
- Seasonal peak in Arctic Ocean acidity could shift to the summer V. Buschman & C. Hauri 10.1038/d41586-022-03076-x
- Observation-constrained estimates of the global ocean carbon sink from Earth system models J. Terhaar et al. 10.5194/bg-19-4431-2022
- Anthropogenic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean: Perspectives From Different Transient Tracers L. Raimondi et al. 10.1029/2023JC019999
- Implications of climate change on biogeochemical cycles in the Arctic Ocean with special emphasis on the nitrogen cycle F. Alangadan et al. 10.1007/s00300-025-03387-5
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Phytoplankton responses to increasing Arctic river discharge under the present and future climate simulations J. Park et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/acd568
- Regional sensitivity patterns of Arctic Ocean acidification revealed with machine learning J. Krasting et al. 10.1038/s43247-022-00419-4
- Composite model-based estimate of the ocean carbon sink from 1959 to 2022 J. Terhaar 10.5194/bg-22-1631-2025
- Influences of Global Warming and Upwelling on the Acidification in the Beaufort Sea M. Jin et al. 10.3390/rs17050866
- Impact of climate change on Arctic macroalgal communities A. Lebrun et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103980
- Dynamically downscaled projections of ocean acidification for the Bering Sea D. Pilcher et al. 10.1016/j.dsr2.2022.105055
- Applications of biogeochemical models in different marine environments: a review K. Ismail & M. Al-Shehhi 10.3389/fenvs.2023.1198856
- Transcriptomic insights into the antagonistic responses of Antarctic marbled rockcod, Notothenia rossii, to elevated temperature and acidification S. Lee et al. 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117249
- Polar oceans and sea ice in a changing climate M. Willis et al. 10.1525/elementa.2023.00056
- Nutrient and Silicon Isotope Dynamics in the Laptev Sea and Implications for Nutrient Availability in the Transpolar Drift G. Laukert et al. 10.1029/2022GB007316
- Drivers of decadal trends in the ocean carbon sink in the past, present, and future in Earth system models J. Terhaar 10.5194/bg-21-3903-2024
- Southern Ocean phytoplankton under climate change: a shifting balance of bottom-up and top-down control T. Xue et al. 10.5194/bg-21-2473-2024
- Permafrost thaw subsidence, sea-level rise, and erosion are transforming Alaska’s Arctic coastal zone R. Creel et al. 10.1073/pnas.2409411121
- Global Surface Ocean Acidification Indicators From 1750 to 2100 L. Jiang et al. 10.1029/2022MS003563
- The emergence of the Gulf Stream and interior western boundary as key regions to constrain the future North Atlantic carbon uptake N. Goris et al. 10.5194/gmd-16-2095-2023
- Acidification of the Nordic Seas F. Fransner et al. 10.5194/bg-19-979-2022
- Atlantic overturning inferred from air-sea heat fluxes indicates no decline since the 1960s J. Terhaar et al. 10.1038/s41467-024-55297-5
- Larval Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) exhibit stronger developmental and physiological responses to temperature than to elevated pCO2 E. Slesinger et al. 10.1111/jfb.70082
- Ocean acidification in emission-driven temperature stabilization scenarios: the role of TCRE and non-CO2 greenhouse gases J. Terhaar et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/acaf91
- Seasonal peak in Arctic Ocean acidity could shift to the summer V. Buschman & C. Hauri 10.1038/d41586-022-03076-x
- Observation-constrained estimates of the global ocean carbon sink from Earth system models J. Terhaar et al. 10.5194/bg-19-4431-2022
- Anthropogenic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean: Perspectives From Different Transient Tracers L. Raimondi et al. 10.1029/2023JC019999
- Implications of climate change on biogeochemical cycles in the Arctic Ocean with special emphasis on the nitrogen cycle F. Alangadan et al. 10.1007/s00300-025-03387-5
Latest update: 27 Jul 2025
Short summary
The uptake of carbon, emitted as a result of human activities, results in ocean acidification. We analyse 21st-century projections of acidification in the Arctic Ocean, a region of particular vulnerability, using the latest generation of Earth system models. In this new generation of models there is a large decrease in the uncertainty associated with projections of Arctic Ocean acidification, with freshening playing a greater role in driving acidification than previously simulated.
The uptake of carbon, emitted as a result of human activities, results in ocean acidification....
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