Articles | Volume 19, issue 24
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5807-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5807-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
16 Dec 2022
Research article |
| 16 Dec 2022
| 16 Dec 2022
Hotspots and drivers of compound marine heatwaves and low net primary production extremes
Natacha Le Grix
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Jakob Zscheischler
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Department of Computational Hydrosystems, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Keith B. Rodgers
Center for Climate Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Busan, South Korea
Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
Ryohei Yamaguchi
Center for Climate Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Busan, South Korea
Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan
Thomas L. Frölicher
Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Cited
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Artificial Intelligence Forecasting of Marine Heatwaves in the South China Sea Using a Combined U-Net and ConvLSTM System W. Sun et al. 10.3390/rs15164068
- Research progresses and prospects of multi-sphere compound extremes from the Earth System perspective Z. Hao & Y. Chen 10.1007/s11430-023-1201-y
- Observation and Projection of Marine Heatwaves in the Caribbean Sea from CMIP6 Models D. Bustos Usta et al. 10.3390/rs16132357
- Marine heatwaves and cold spells in the Northeast Atlantic: what should the UK be prepared for? Z. Jacobs et al. 10.3389/fmars.2024.1434365
- Extreme and compound ocean events are key drivers of projected low pelagic fish biomass N. Le Grix et al. 10.1111/gcb.16968
- Long-term impacts of global temperature stabilization and overshoot on exploited marine species A. Morée et al. 10.5194/bg-22-1115-2025
- Southern Ocean phytoplankton under climate change: a shifting balance of bottom-up and top-down control T. Xue et al. 10.5194/bg-21-2473-2024
- Impact of deoxygenation and warming on global marine species in the 21st century A. Morée et al. 10.5194/bg-20-2425-2023
- Compound marine heatwaves and tropical cyclones delay the onset of the Bay of Bengal summer monsoon X. Zhou et al. 10.1038/s41612-025-01061-5
- Marine heatwaves in a shifting Southern Ocean induce dynamical changes in primary production M. Fernández-Barba et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01553-x
- Common occurrences of subsurface heatwaves and cold spells in ocean eddies Q. He et al. 10.1038/s41586-024-08051-2
- Marine heatwaves in the Western North Pacific Region: Historical characteristics and future projections W. Sun et al. 10.1016/j.dsr.2023.104161
- Ten new insights in climate science 2023 M. Bustamante et al. 10.1017/sus.2023.25
- A Novel Sea Surface Temperature Prediction Model Using DBN-SVR and Spatiotemporal Secondary Calibration Y. Liu et al. 10.3390/rs17101681
- A global overview of marine heatwaves in a changing climate A. Capotondi et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01806-9
- Idiosyncratic patterns of chlorophyll-a anomalies in response to marine heatwaves in the Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea) over the last two decades G. Motta et al. 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107144
- Drivers of Surface Ocean Acidity Extremes in an Earth System Model F. Burger & T. Frölicher 10.1029/2023GB007785
- Potential Predictability of the Spring Bloom in the Southern Ocean Sea Ice Zone B. Buchovecky et al. 10.1029/2023GL105139
- Response of Red Sea phytoplankton biomass to marine heatwaves and cold-spells I. Theodorou et al. 10.1038/s41598-025-88727-5
- Marine heatwaves are not a dominant driver of change in demersal fishes A. Fredston et al. 10.1038/s41586-023-06449-y
- Understanding the compound marine heatwave and low-chlorophyll extremes in the western Pacific Ocean Q. Chen et al. 10.3389/fmars.2023.1303663
- Effects of the 2018 European heatwave and drought on coastal biogeochemistry in the German Bight D. Kaiser et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164316
- Extreme Events Contributing to Tipping Elements and Tipping Points A. Romanou et al. 10.1007/s10712-024-09863-7
- Hotspots and drivers of compound marine heatwaves and low net primary production extremes N. Le Grix et al. 10.5194/bg-19-5807-2022
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Artificial Intelligence Forecasting of Marine Heatwaves in the South China Sea Using a Combined U-Net and ConvLSTM System W. Sun et al. 10.3390/rs15164068
- Research progresses and prospects of multi-sphere compound extremes from the Earth System perspective Z. Hao & Y. Chen 10.1007/s11430-023-1201-y
- Observation and Projection of Marine Heatwaves in the Caribbean Sea from CMIP6 Models D. Bustos Usta et al. 10.3390/rs16132357
- Marine heatwaves and cold spells in the Northeast Atlantic: what should the UK be prepared for? Z. Jacobs et al. 10.3389/fmars.2024.1434365
- Extreme and compound ocean events are key drivers of projected low pelagic fish biomass N. Le Grix et al. 10.1111/gcb.16968
- Long-term impacts of global temperature stabilization and overshoot on exploited marine species A. Morée et al. 10.5194/bg-22-1115-2025
- Southern Ocean phytoplankton under climate change: a shifting balance of bottom-up and top-down control T. Xue et al. 10.5194/bg-21-2473-2024
- Impact of deoxygenation and warming on global marine species in the 21st century A. Morée et al. 10.5194/bg-20-2425-2023
- Compound marine heatwaves and tropical cyclones delay the onset of the Bay of Bengal summer monsoon X. Zhou et al. 10.1038/s41612-025-01061-5
- Marine heatwaves in a shifting Southern Ocean induce dynamical changes in primary production M. Fernández-Barba et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01553-x
- Common occurrences of subsurface heatwaves and cold spells in ocean eddies Q. He et al. 10.1038/s41586-024-08051-2
- Marine heatwaves in the Western North Pacific Region: Historical characteristics and future projections W. Sun et al. 10.1016/j.dsr.2023.104161
- Ten new insights in climate science 2023 M. Bustamante et al. 10.1017/sus.2023.25
- A Novel Sea Surface Temperature Prediction Model Using DBN-SVR and Spatiotemporal Secondary Calibration Y. Liu et al. 10.3390/rs17101681
- A global overview of marine heatwaves in a changing climate A. Capotondi et al. 10.1038/s43247-024-01806-9
- Idiosyncratic patterns of chlorophyll-a anomalies in response to marine heatwaves in the Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea) over the last two decades G. Motta et al. 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107144
- Drivers of Surface Ocean Acidity Extremes in an Earth System Model F. Burger & T. Frölicher 10.1029/2023GB007785
- Potential Predictability of the Spring Bloom in the Southern Ocean Sea Ice Zone B. Buchovecky et al. 10.1029/2023GL105139
- Response of Red Sea phytoplankton biomass to marine heatwaves and cold-spells I. Theodorou et al. 10.1038/s41598-025-88727-5
- Marine heatwaves are not a dominant driver of change in demersal fishes A. Fredston et al. 10.1038/s41586-023-06449-y
- Understanding the compound marine heatwave and low-chlorophyll extremes in the western Pacific Ocean Q. Chen et al. 10.3389/fmars.2023.1303663
- Effects of the 2018 European heatwave and drought on coastal biogeochemistry in the German Bight D. Kaiser et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164316
- Extreme Events Contributing to Tipping Elements and Tipping Points A. Romanou et al. 10.1007/s10712-024-09863-7
1 citations as recorded by crossref.
Latest update: 26 May 2025
Short summary
Compound events threaten marine ecosystems. Here, we investigate the potentially harmful combination of marine heatwaves with low phytoplankton productivity. Using satellite-based observations, we show that these compound events are frequent in the low latitudes. We then investigate the drivers of these compound events using Earth system models. The models share similar drivers in the low latitudes but disagree in the high latitudes due to divergent factors limiting phytoplankton production.
Compound events threaten marine ecosystems. Here, we investigate the potentially harmful...
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