Articles | Volume 21, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-591-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-591-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
26 Jan 2024
Research article |
| 26 Jan 2024
| 26 Jan 2024
Continental scientific drilling and microbiology: (extremely) low biomass in bedrock of central Sweden
George Westmeijer
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, Stuvaregatan 4, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden
Cristina Escudero
Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Calle Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Geomicrobiology Group, Center for Applied Geoscience, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 94–96, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
Claudia Bergin
Microbial Single Cell Genomics Facility, Science for Life Laboratory, P.O. Box 596, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
Stephanie Turner
Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, Stuvaregatan 4, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden
Magnus Ståhle
Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, Stuvaregatan 4, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden
Maliheh Mehrshad
Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7050, 75005 Uppsala, Sweden
Prune Leroy
Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7050, 75005 Uppsala, Sweden
Moritz Buck
Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7050, 75005 Uppsala, Sweden
Pilar López-Hernández
Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7050, 75005 Uppsala, Sweden
Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
Jens Kallmeyer
Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Ricardo Amils
Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Calle Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Stefan Bertilsson
Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7050, 75005 Uppsala, Sweden
Mark Dopson
Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, Stuvaregatan 4, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden
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In pegmatites from Ukraine Precambrian fossils between 1.5 Ga and 1.76 Ga were preserved in cavities connected to the surface in a geyser system. The fossilization process is silicification of the outermost rim of the fossils, stabilizing the remaining part of the organisms. The variety of organisms points to an ecosystem of several microorganisms which was active in the continental environment, and igneous rocks such as the pegmatites seem to be an ideal habitat for the deep biosphere.
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Short summary
Rock cores down to 2250 m depth, groundwater-bearing fractures, and drilling fluid were sampled for DNA to characterize the subsurface microbial community. In general, microbial biomass was extremely low despite the employment of detection methods widespread in low-biomass environments. The described contamination control measures could support future sampling efforts, and our findings emphasize the use of sequencing extraction controls.
Rock cores down to 2250 m depth, groundwater-bearing fractures, and drilling fluid were sampled...
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