Articles | Volume 22, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-4387-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-4387-2025
Research article
 | 
04 Sep 2025
Research article |  | 04 Sep 2025

A national-scale redox clustering for quantifying CO2 emissions from groundwater denitrification

Hyojin Kim, Julian Koch, Birgitte Hansen, and Rasmus Jakobsen

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Cited articles

Adhikari, K., Kheir, R. B., Greve, M. B., Bøcher, P. K., Malone, B. P., Minasny, B., McBratney, A. B., and Greve, M. H.: High-Resolution 3-D Mapping of Soil Texture in Denmark, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 77, 860–876, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2012.0275, 2013. 
Adhikari, K., Hartemink, A. E., Minasny, B., Bou Kheir, R., Greve, M. B., and Greve, M. H.: Digital Mapping of Soil Organic Carbon Contents and Stocks in Denmark, PLoS One, 9, e105519, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105519, 2014. 
Appelo, C. A. J. and Postma, D.: Geochemistry, Groundwater and Pollution, edited by: Appelo, C. A. J. and Postma, D., CRC Press, https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439833544, 2005. 
Ascott, M. J., Gooddy, D. C., Wang, L., Stuart, M. E., Lewis, M. A., Ward, R. S., and Binley, A. M.: Global patterns of nitrate storage in the vadose zone, Nat. Commun., 8, 1–6, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01321-w, 2017. 
Barak, P., Jobe, B. O., Krueger, A. R., Peterson, L. A., and Laird, D. A.: Effects of long-term soil acidification due to nitrogen fertilizer inputs in Wisconsin, Plant Soil, 197, 61–69, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004297607070, 1997. 
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Nitrate pollution from farming is a global problem. A natural process called denitrification helps remove nitrate but also releases CO2, which contributes to climate change. Our study shows that CO2 from this process in Danish groundwater may be a major overlooked source – similar to other known agricultural CO2 emissions. This highlights the need to update greenhouse gas reporting to better reflect farming’s full climate impact.

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