Articles | Volume 22, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-5557-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-5557-2025
Reviews and syntheses
 | 
15 Oct 2025
Reviews and syntheses |  | 15 Oct 2025

Reviews and syntheses: Potential and limitations of oceanic carbon dioxide storage via reactor-based accelerated weathering of limestone

Tom Huysmans, Filip J. R. Meysman, and Sebastiaan J. van de Velde

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Cited articles

Bach, L. T.: The additionality problem of ocean alkalinity enhancement, Biogeosciences, 21, 261–277, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-261-2024, 2024. 
Berner, R. A. and Berner, R. A.: The Phanerozoic Carbon Cycle: CO2 and O2, Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York, 158 pp., ISBN 9780197562215, https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195173338.001.0001, 2004. 
Berner, R. A. and Morse, J. W.: Dissolution kinetics of calcium carbonate in sea water; IV, Theory of calcite dissolution, American Journal of Science, 274, 108–134, 1974. 
Berner, R. A., Lasaga, A. C., and Garrels, R. M.: The Carbonate-Silicate Geochemical Cycle and Its Effect on Atmospheric Carbon-Dioxide over the Past 100 Million Years, Am. J. Sci., 283, 641–683, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.283.7.641, 1983. 
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To examine the potential of accelerated weathering of limestone as a CO2 mitigation technique, we describe AWL thermodynamically as a four-step process, thus providing a model framework that allows us to calculate the efficiency of the different steps as well as the overall CO2 sequestration potential. We then review the different reactor designs that have been proposed for the AWL process in recent years and evaluate their efficiency and potential in terms of CO2 emission mitigation capacity.
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