To examine the potential of accelerated weathering of limestone as a CO₂ mitigation technique, we describe AWL thermodynamically as a four-step process, thus providing a model framework that allows us to calculate the efficiency of the different steps as well as the overall CO₂ sequestration potential. We then review the different reactor designs that have been proposed for the AWL process in recent years and evaluate their efficiency and potential in terms of CO₂ emission mitigation capacity.

Human activities are changing the coastal water environment, but the role of suspended sediments in oxygen loss is not well understood. We used a model to compare dissolved oxygen levels and related factors in the 1990s and 2010s in the Pearl River estuary. Reduced suspended sediments and increased pollution have expanded low-oxygen areas by 1.5 times. This highlights the fact that declining suspended sediments increase hypoxia in estuaries, especially with rising nutrients, which needs urgent attention.