We evaluated soil crust communities 12–16 years after four wildfires in Idaho, USA, compared with adjacent unburned plots. We found that richness and abundance were lower in burned plots and that the cover of soil crusts was more strongly affected by wildfire at sites with well-developed soil crusts. Furthermore, we found that three large functional groups of lichens and mosses were associated with unburned sites and that fire severity was not related to post-fire soil crust communities.