Biogeosciences
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Articles | Volume 16, issue 11
Articles | Volume 16, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2307-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2307-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 16, issue 11
Research article
 | 
05 Jun 2019
Research article |  | 05 Jun 2019

Gas exchange estimates in the Peruvian upwelling regime biased by multi-day near-surface stratification

Tim Fischer, Annette Kock, Damian L. Arévalo-Martínez, Marcus Dengler, Peter Brandt, and Hermann W. Bange

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Latest update: 02 Nov 2025
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Short summary
We investigated air–sea gas exchange in oceanic upwelling regions for the case of nitrous oxide off Peru. In this region, routine concentration measurements from ships at 5 m or 10 m depth prove to overestimate surface (bulk) concentration. Thus, standard estimates of gas exchange will show systematic error. This is due to very shallow stratified layers that inhibit exchange between surface water and waters below and can exist for several days. Maximum bias occurs in moderate wind conditions.
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