Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
Philippe Crombé
Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
Tom Maris
University of Antwerp, Ecosystem Management Research Group, Campus Drie Eiken, D.C.120, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
Sustainable Agroecosystems group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
Stijn Temmerman
University of Antwerp, Ecosystem Management Research Group, Campus Drie Eiken, D.C.120, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
Erik Smolders
Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Total article views: 2,932 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,813 with geography defined
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Total article views: 2,091 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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Total article views: 841 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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Surface waters in lowland regions have a poor surface water quality, mainly due to excess nutrients like phosphate. Therefore, we wanted to know the phosphate levels without humans, also called the pre-industrial background. Phosphate binds strongly to sediment particles, suspended in the river water. In this research we used sediments deposited by a river as an archive for surface water phosphate back to 1800 CE. Pre-industrial phosphate levels were estimated at one-third of the modern levels.
Surface waters in lowland regions have a poor surface water quality, mainly due to excess...
