Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
Philippe Crombé
Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
Tom Maris
University of Antwerp, Ecosystem Management Research Group, Campus Drie Eiken, D.C.120, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
Sustainable Agroecosystems group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
Stijn Temmerman
University of Antwerp, Ecosystem Management Research Group, Campus Drie Eiken, D.C.120, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
Erik Smolders
Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
Viewed
Total article views: 2,459 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
1,714
668
77
2,459
140
87
101
HTML: 1,714
PDF: 668
XML: 77
Total: 2,459
Supplement: 140
BibTeX: 87
EndNote: 101
Views and downloads (calculated since 20 Apr 2021)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 20 Apr 2021)
Total article views: 1,678 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
1,256
364
58
1,678
65
78
92
HTML: 1,256
PDF: 364
XML: 58
Total: 1,678
Supplement: 65
BibTeX: 78
EndNote: 92
Views and downloads (calculated since 09 Feb 2022)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 09 Feb 2022)
Total article views: 781 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
458
304
19
781
75
9
9
HTML: 458
PDF: 304
XML: 19
Total: 781
Supplement: 75
BibTeX: 9
EndNote: 9
Views and downloads (calculated since 20 Apr 2021)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 20 Apr 2021)
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 2,459 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,351 with geography defined
and 108 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,678 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,593 with geography defined
and 85 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 781 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 758 with geography defined
and 23 with unknown origin.
Surface waters in lowland regions have a poor surface water quality, mainly due to excess nutrients like phosphate. Therefore, we wanted to know the phosphate levels without humans, also called the pre-industrial background. Phosphate binds strongly to sediment particles, suspended in the river water. In this research we used sediments deposited by a river as an archive for surface water phosphate back to 1800 CE. Pre-industrial phosphate levels were estimated at one-third of the modern levels.
Surface waters in lowland regions have a poor surface water quality, mainly due to excess...
