Articles | Volume 20, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3395-2023
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3395-2023
Research article
 | 
17 Aug 2023
Research article |  | 17 Aug 2023

Anthropogenic activities significantly increase annual greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from temperate headwater streams in Germany

Ricky Mwangada Mwanake, Gretchen Maria Gettel, Elizabeth Gachibu Wangari, Clarissa Glaser, Tobias Houska, Lutz Breuer, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, and Ralf Kiese

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Cited articles

Aho, K. S. and Raymond, P. A.: Differential response of greenhouse gas evasion to storms in forested and wetland streams, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 124, 649–662, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004750, 2019.  
Aho, K. S., Fair, J. H., Hosen, J. D., Kyzivat, E. D., Logozzo, L. A., Rocher-Ros, G., Weber, L. C., Yoon, B., and Raymond, P. A.: Distinct concentration-discharge dynamics in temperate streams and rivers: CO2 exhibits chemostasis while CH4 exhibits source limitation due to temperature control, Limnol. Oceanogr., 66, 3656–3668, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11906, 2021. 
Aho, K. S., Fair, J. H., Hosen, J. D., Kyzivat, E. D., Logozzo, L. A., Weber, L. C., Yoon, B., Zarnetske, J. P., and Raymond, P. A.: An intense precipitation event causes a temperate forested drainage network to shift from N2O source to sink, Limnol. Oceanogr., 67, S242–S257, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12006, 2022. 
Allen, G. H. and Pavelsky, T. M.: Global extent of rivers and streams, Science, 361, 585–588, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat0636, 2018. 
Attermeyer, K., Casas-Ruiz, J. P., Fuss, T., Pastor, A., Cauvy-Fraunié, S., Sheath, D., Nydahl, A. C., Doretto, A., Portela, A. P., Doyle, B. C., and Simov, N.: Carbon dioxide fluxes increase from day to night across European streams, Commun. Earth Environ., 2, 118, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00192-w, 2021. 
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Short summary
Despite occupying <1 %; of the globe, streams are significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this study, we determined anthropogenic effects on GHG emissions from streams. We found that anthropogenic-influenced streams had up to 20 times more annual GHG emissions than natural ones and were also responsible for seasonal peaks. Anthropogenic influences also altered declining GHG flux trends with stream size, with potential impacts on stream-size-based spatial upscaling techniques.
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