Articles | Volume 21, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4837-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4837-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Physicochemical perturbation increases nitrous oxide production from denitrification in soils and sediments
Nathaniel B. Weston
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Geography and the Environment, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
Cynthia Troy
Department of Geography and the Environment, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
Patrick J. Kearns
Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Marine Science Center, Nahant, MA 01908, USA
current address: Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
Jennifer L. Bowen
Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Marine Science Center, Nahant, MA 01908, USA
William Porubsky
Algenol Biofuels, Fort Myers, FL 33912, USA
Christelle Hyacinthe
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
Christof Meile
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
Philippe Van Cappellen
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
Samantha B. Joye
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
Related authors
No articles found.
Eunji Byun, Fereidoun Rezanezhad, Stephanie Slowinski, Christina Lam, Saraswati Saraswati, Stephanie Wright, William L. Quinton, Kara L. Webster, and Philippe Van Cappellen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1047, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1047, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We explored how nutrient enrichment (N and P) affects carbon gas (CO2 and CH4) productions from subarctic bog and fen soils. Adding N increased CO2 from bog, P did so for fen, but combined N and P reduced CO2 but enhanced CH4 in both. Soil microbes may have adapted to the natural differences in bog and fen conditions and complicated the changes in carbon gas productions. These insights can guide future research on the impacts of changing nutrient status in cold region soils and carbon emissions.
Kadir Bice, Tristen Myers, George Waldbusser, and Christof Meile
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-796, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-796, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the effect of addition of carbonate minerals on coastal sediments, We carried out laboratory experiments to quantify the dissolution kinetics and integrated these observations into a numerical model that describes biogeochemical cycling in surficial sediments. Using the model, we demonstrate the buffering effect of the mineral additions and its duration. We quantify the effect under different environmental conditions and assess the potential for increased atmospheric CO2 uptake.
Heewon Jung, Hyun-Seob Song, and Christof Meile
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 1683–1696, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1683-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1683-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Microbial activity responsible for many chemical transformations depends on environmental conditions. These can vary locally, e.g., between poorly connected pores in porous media. We present a modeling framework that resolves such small spatial scales explicitly, accounts for feedback between transport and biogeochemical conditions, and can integrate state-of-the-art representations of microbes in a computationally efficient way, making it broadly applicable in science and engineering use cases.
Hannah Adams, Jane Ye, Bhaleka D. Persaud, Stephanie Slowinski, Homa Kheyrollah Pour, and Philippe Van Cappellen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5139–5156, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5139-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5139-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Climate warming and land-use changes are altering the environmental factors that control the algal
productivityin lakes. To predict how environmental factors like nutrient concentrations, ice cover, and water temperature will continue to influence lake productivity in this changing climate, we created a dataset of chlorophyll-a concentrations (a compound found in algae), associated water quality parameters, and solar radiation that can be used to for a wide range of research questions.
Samuel T. Wilson, Alia N. Al-Haj, Annie Bourbonnais, Claudia Frey, Robinson W. Fulweiler, John D. Kessler, Hannah K. Marchant, Jana Milucka, Nicholas E. Ray, Parvadha Suntharalingam, Brett F. Thornton, Robert C. Upstill-Goddard, Thomas S. Weber, Damian L. Arévalo-Martínez, Hermann W. Bange, Heather M. Benway, Daniele Bianchi, Alberto V. Borges, Bonnie X. Chang, Patrick M. Crill, Daniela A. del Valle, Laura Farías, Samantha B. Joye, Annette Kock, Jabrane Labidi, Cara C. Manning, John W. Pohlman, Gregor Rehder, Katy J. Sparrow, Philippe D. Tortell, Tina Treude, David L. Valentine, Bess B. Ward, Simon Yang, and Leonid N. Yurganov
Biogeosciences, 17, 5809–5828, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5809-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5809-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The oceans are a net source of the major greenhouse gases; however there has been little coordination of oceanic methane and nitrous oxide measurements. The scientific community has recently embarked on a series of capacity-building exercises to improve the interoperability of dissolved methane and nitrous oxide measurements. This paper derives from a workshop which discussed the challenges and opportunities for oceanic methane and nitrous oxide research in the near future.
Chris T. Parsons, Fereidoun Rezanezhad, David W. O'Connell, and Philippe Van Cappellen
Biogeosciences, 14, 3585–3602, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3585-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3585-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Phosphorus (P) has accumulated in sediments due to past human activities. The re-release of this P to water contributes to the growth of harmful algal blooms. Our research improves our mechanistic understanding of how P is partitioned between different chemical forms and between sediment and water under dynamic conditions. We demonstrate that P trapped within iron minerals may be less mobile during anoxic conditions than previously thought due to reversible changes to P forms within sediment.
S. R. Shah, S. B. Joye, J. A. Brandes, and A. P. McNichol
Biogeosciences, 10, 3175–3183, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3175-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3175-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Biogeochemistry: Greenhouse Gases
Carbon degradation and mobilisation potentials of thawing permafrost peatlands in northern Norway inferred from laboratory incubations
Seasonal dynamics and regional distribution patterns of CO2 and CH4 in the north-eastern Baltic Sea
Interannual and seasonal variability of the air–sea CO2 exchange at Utö in the coastal region of the Baltic Sea
CO2 emissions of drained coastal peatlands in the Netherlands and potential emission reduction by water infiltration systems
Influence of wind strength and direction on diffusive methane fluxes and atmospheric methane concentrations above the North Sea
Using eddy covariance observations to determine the carbon sequestration characteristics of subalpine forests in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Dynamics of CO2 and CH4 fluxes in Red Sea mangrove soils
Isotopomer labeling and oxygen dependence of hybrid nitrous oxide production
The emission of CO from tropical rainforest soils
Drought disrupts atmospheric carbon uptake in a Mediterranean saline lake
Nitrous oxide (N2O) in Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania
Technical note: A low-cost, automatic soil-plant-atmosphere enclosure system to investigate CO2 and ET flux dynamics
Modelling CO2 and N2O emissions from soils in silvopastoral systems of the West African Sahelian band
A case study on topsoil removal and rewetting for paludiculture: effect on biogeochemistry and greenhouse gas emissions from Typha latifolia, Typha angustifolia, and Azolla filiculoides
Assessing improvements in global ocean pCO2 machine learning reconstructions with Southern Ocean autonomous sampling
Timescale dependence of airborne fraction and underlying climate–carbon-cycle feedbacks for weak perturbations in CMIP5 models
Technical note: Preventing CO2 overestimation from mercuric or copper(II) chloride preservation of dissolved greenhouse gases in freshwater samples
Exploring temporal and spatial variation of nitrous oxide flux using several years of peatland forest automatic chamber data
Diurnal versus spatial variability of greenhouse gas emissions from an anthropogenically modified lowland river in Germany
Regional assessment and uncertainty analysis of carbon and nitrogen balances at cropland scale using the ecosystem model LandscapeDNDC
Resolving heterogeneous fluxes from tundra halves the growing season carbon budget
Tidal influence on carbon dioxide and methane fluxes from tree stems and soils in mangrove forests
Lawns and meadows in urban green space – a comparison from perspectives of greenhouse gases, drought resilience and plant functional types
Large contribution of soil N2O emission to the global warming potential of a large-scale oil palm plantation despite changing from conventional to reduced management practices
Identifying landscape hot and cold spots of soil greenhouse gas fluxes by combining field measurements and remote sensing data
Explainable machine learning for modelling of net ecosystem exchange in boreal forest
Enhanced Southern Ocean CO2 outgassing as a result of stronger and poleward shifted southern hemispheric westerlies
Spatial and temporal variability of methane emissions and environmental conditions in a hyper-eutrophic fishpond
Optical and radar Earth observation data for upscaling methane emissions linked to permafrost degradation in sub-Arctic peatlands in northern Sweden
Herbivore–shrub interactions influence ecosystem respiration and biogenic volatile organic compound composition in the subarctic
Methane emissions due to reservoir flushing: a significant emission pathway?
Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes from mounds of African fungus-growing termites
Diel and seasonal methane dynamics in the shallow and turbulent Wadden Sea
Technical note: Skirt chamber – an open dynamic method for the rapid and minimally intrusive measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands
Seasonal variability of nitrous oxide concentrations and emissions in a temperate estuary
Reviews and syntheses: Recent advances in microwave remote sensing in support of terrestrial carbon cycle science in Arctic–boreal regions
Simulated methane emissions from Arctic ponds are highly sensitive to warming
Water-table-driven greenhouse gas emission estimates guide peatland restoration at national scale
Relationships between greenhouse gas production and landscape position during short-term permafrost thaw under anaerobic conditions in the Lena Delta
Carbon emissions and radiative forcings from tundra wildfires in the Yukon–Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska
Carbon monoxide (CO) cycling in the Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean
Post-flooding disturbance recovery promotes carbon capture in riparian zones
Meteorological responses of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of a subarctic landscape
Carbon emission and export from the Ket River, western Siberia
Evaluation of wetland CH4 in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model using satellite observations
Greenhouse gas fluxes in mangrove forest soil in an Amazon estuary
Temporal patterns and drivers of CO2 emission from dry sediments in a groyne field of a large river
Effects of water table level and nitrogen deposition on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in an alpine peatland
Highest methane concentrations in an Arctic river linked to local terrestrial inputs
Seasonal study of the small-scale variability in dissolved methane in the western Kiel Bight (Baltic Sea) during the European heatwave in 2018
Sigrid Trier Kjær, Sebastian Westermann, Nora Nedkvitne, and Peter Dörsch
Biogeosciences, 21, 4723–4737, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4723-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4723-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost peatlands are thawing due to climate change, releasing large quantities of carbon that degrades upon thawing and is released as CO2, CH4 or dissolved organic carbon (DOC). We incubated thawed Norwegian permafrost peat plateaus and thermokarst pond sediment found next to permafrost for up to 350 d to measure carbon loss. CO2 production was initially the highest, whereas CH4 production increased over time. The largest carbon loss was measured at the top of the peat plateau core as DOC.
Silvie Lainela, Erik Jacobs, Stella-Theresa Luik, Gregor Rehder, and Urmas Lips
Biogeosciences, 21, 4495–4519, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4495-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4495-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluate the variability of carbon dioxide and methane in the surface layer of the north-eastern basins of the Baltic Sea in 2018. We show that the shallower coastal areas have considerably higher spatial variability and seasonal amplitude of surface layer pCO2 and cCH4 than measured in the offshore areas of the Baltic Sea. Despite this high variability, caused mostly by coastal physical processes, the average annual air–sea CO2 fluxes differed only marginally between the sub-basins.
Martti Honkanen, Mika Aurela, Juha Hatakka, Lumi Haraguchi, Sami Kielosto, Timo Mäkelä, Jukka Seppälä, Simo-Matti Siiriä, Ken Stenbäck, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Pasi Ylöstalo, and Lauri Laakso
Biogeosciences, 21, 4341–4359, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4341-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4341-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The exchange of CO2 between the sea and the atmosphere was studied in the Archipelago Sea, Baltic Sea, in 2017–2021, using an eddy covariance technique. The sea acted as a net source of CO2 with an average yearly emission of 27.1 gC m-2 yr-1, indicating that the marine ecosystem respired carbon that originated elsewhere. The yearly CO2 emission varied between 18.2–39.2 gC m-2 yr-1, mostly due to the yearly variation of ecosystem carbon uptake.
Ralf C. H. Aben, Daniël van de Craats, Jim Boonman, Stijn H. Peeters, Bart Vriend, Coline C. F. Boonman, Ype van der Velde, Gilles Erkens, and Merit van den Berg
Biogeosciences, 21, 4099–4118, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4099-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4099-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Drained peatlands cause high CO2 emissions. We assessed the effectiveness of subsurface water infiltration systems (WISs) in reducing CO2 emissions related to increases in water table depth (WTD) on 12 sites for up to 4 years. Results show WISs markedly reduced emissions by 2.1 t CO2-C ha-1 yr-1. The relationship between the amount of carbon above the WTD and CO2 emission was stronger than the relationship between WTD and emission. Long-term monitoring is crucial for accurate emission estimates.
Ingeborg Bussmann, Eric P. Achterberg, Holger Brix, Nicolas Brüggemann, Götz Flöser, Claudia Schütze, and Philipp Fischer
Biogeosciences, 21, 3819–3838, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3819-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3819-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Methane (CH4) is an important greenhouse gas and contributes to climate warming. However, the input of CH4 from coastal areas to the atmosphere is not well defined. Dissolved and atmospheric CH4 was determined at high spatial resolution in or above the North Sea. The atmospheric CH4 concentration was mainly influenced by wind direction. With our detailed study on the spatial distribution of CH4 fluxes we were able to provide a detailed and more realistic estimation of coastal CH4 fluxes.
Niu Zhu, Jinniu Wang, Dongliang Luo, Xufeng Wang, Cheng Shen, and Ning Wu
Biogeosciences, 21, 3509–3522, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3509-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3509-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study delves into the vital role of subalpine forests in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau as carbon sinks in the context of climate change. Utilizing advanced eddy covariance systems, we uncover their significant carbon sequestration potential, observing distinct seasonal patterns influenced by temperature, humidity, and radiation. Notably, these forests exhibit robust carbon absorption, with potential implications for global carbon balance.
Jessica Ashley Valerie Breavington, Alexandra Steckbauer, Chuancheng Fu, Mongi Ennasri, and Carlos Manuel Duarte
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1831, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1831, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mangroves are known for storing large amounts of carbon in their soils, but this is lower in the Red Sea due to challenging growth conditions. We collected soil cores over multiple seasons to measure soil properties, and the greenhouse gasses (GHG) of carbon dioxide and methane. We found that GHG emissions are generally a small offset to carbon storage but punctuated by periods of very high GHG emission and this variability is linked to multiple environmental and soil properties.
Colette L. Kelly, Nicole M. Travis, Pascale Anabelle Baya, Claudia Frey, Xin Sun, Bess B. Ward, and Karen L. Casciotti
Biogeosciences, 21, 3215–3238, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3215-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3215-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas, accumulates in regions of the ocean that are low in dissolved oxygen. We used a novel combination of chemical tracers to determine how nitrous oxide is produced in one of these regions, the eastern tropical North Pacific Ocean. Our experiments showed that the two most important sources of nitrous oxide under low-oxygen conditions are denitrification, an anaerobic process, and a novel “hybrid” process performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea.
Hella van Asperen, Thorsten Warneke, Alessandro Carioca de Araújo, Bruce Forsberg, Sávio José Filgueiras Ferreira, Thomas Röckmann, Carina van der Veen, Sipko Bulthuis, Leonardo Ramos de Oliveira, Thiago de Lima Xavier, Jailson da Mata, Marta de Oliveira Sá, Paulo Ricardo Teixeira, Julie Andrews de França e Silva, Susan Trumbore, and Justus Notholt
Biogeosciences, 21, 3183–3199, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3183-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3183-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is regarded as an important indirect greenhouse gas. Soils can emit and take up CO, but, until now, uncertainty remains as to which process dominates in tropical rainforests. We present the first soil CO flux measurements from a tropical rainforest. Based on our observations, we report that tropical rainforest soils are a net source of CO. In addition, we show that valley streams and inundated areas are likely additional hot spots of CO in the ecosystem.
Ihab Alfadhel, Ignacio Peralta-Maraver, Isabel Reche, Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete, Sergio Aranda-Barranco, Eva Rodríguez-Velasco, Andrew S. Kowalski, and Penélope Serrano-Ortiz
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1562, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1562, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Inland saline lakes are crucial in the global carbon cycle, but increased droughts may alter their carbon exchange capacity. We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a Mediterranean saline lake using the Eddy Covariance method under dry and wet conditions. We found the lake acts as a carbon sink during wet periods but not during droughts. These results highlight the importance of saline lakes in carbon sequestration and their vulnerability to climate change-induced droughts.
Johnathan D. Maxey, Neil D. Hartstein, Hermann W. Bange, and Mortiz Müller
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1731, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1731, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The distribution of N2O in fjord-like estuaries is poorly described in the southern hemisphere. Our study describes N2O distribution and its drivers in one such system Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania. Water samples were collected seasonally from 2022/2023. Results show the system is a sink for atmospheric N2O when river flow is high; and the system emits N2O when the river flow is low. N2O generated in basins is intercepted by the surface water and exported to the ocean during high river flow.
Wael Al Hamwi, Maren Dubbert, Joerg Schaller, Matthias Lueck, Marten Schmidt, and Mathias Hoffmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1806, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1806, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present a fully automatic, low-cost soil-plant enclosure system to monitor CO2 and ET fluxes within greenhouse experiments. It operates in two modes: independent, using low-cost sensors, and dependent, connecting multiple chambers to a single gas analyzer via a low-cost multiplexer. This system offers precise and accurate measurements, cost and labor efficiency, and high temporal resolution, enabling comprehensive monitoring of plant-soil responses to various treatments and conditions.
Yélognissè Agbohessou, Claire Delon, Manuela Grippa, Eric Mougin, Daouda Ngom, Espoir Koudjo Gaglo, Ousmane Ndiaye, Paulo Salgado, and Olivier Roupsard
Biogeosciences, 21, 2811–2837, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2811-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2811-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions of greenhouse gases in the Sahel are not well represented because they are considered weak compared to the rest of the world. However, natural areas in the Sahel emit carbon dioxide and nitrous oxides, which need to be assessed because of extended surfaces. We propose an assessment of such emissions in Sahelian silvopastoral systems and of how they are influenced by environmental characteristics. These results are essential to inform climate change strategies in the region.
Merit van den Berg, Thomas M. Gremmen, Renske J. E. Vroom, Jacobus van Huissteden, Jim Boonman, Corine J. A. van Huissteden, Ype van der Velde, Alfons J. P. Smolders, and Bas P. van de Riet
Biogeosciences, 21, 2669–2690, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2669-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2669-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Drained peatlands emit 3 % of the global greenhouse gas emissions. Paludiculture is a way to reduce CO2 emissions while at the same time generating an income for landowners. The side effect is the potentially high methane emissions. We found very high methane emissions for broadleaf cattail compared with narrowleaf cattail and water fern. The rewetting was, however, effective to stop CO2 emissions for all species. The highest potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions had narrowleaf cattail.
Thea H. Heimdal, Galen A. McKinley, Adrienne J. Sutton, Amanda R. Fay, and Lucas Gloege
Biogeosciences, 21, 2159–2176, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2159-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-2159-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of ocean carbon are limited in time and space. Machine learning algorithms are therefore used to reconstruct ocean carbon where observations do not exist. Improving these reconstructions is important in order to accurately estimate how much carbon the ocean absorbs from the atmosphere. In this study, we find that a small addition of observations from the Southern Ocean, obtained by autonomous sampling platforms, could significantly improve the reconstructions.
Guilherme L. Torres Mendonça, Julia Pongratz, and Christian H. Reick
Biogeosciences, 21, 1923–1960, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1923-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1923-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We study the timescale dependence of airborne fraction and underlying feedbacks by a theory of the climate–carbon system. Using simulations we show the predictive power of this theory and find that (1) this fraction generally decreases for increasing timescales and (2) at all timescales the total feedback is negative and the model spread in a single feedback causes the spread in the airborne fraction. Our study indicates that those are properties of the system, independently of the scenario.
François Clayer, Jan Erik Thrane, Kuria Ndungu, Andrew King, Peter Dörsch, and Thomas Rohrlack
Biogeosciences, 21, 1903–1921, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1903-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1903-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Determination of dissolved greenhouse gas (GHG) in freshwater allows us to estimate GHG fluxes. Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) is used to preserve water samples prior to GHG analysis despite its environmental and health impacts and interferences with water chemistry in freshwater. Here, we tested the effects of HgCl2, two substitutes and storage time on GHG in water from two boreal lakes. Preservation with HgCl2 caused overestimation of CO2 concentration with consequences for GHG flux estimation.
Helena Rautakoski, Mika Korkiakoski, Jarmo Mäkelä, Markku Koskinen, Kari Minkkinen, Mika Aurela, Paavo Ojanen, and Annalea Lohila
Biogeosciences, 21, 1867–1886, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1867-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1867-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Current and future nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions are difficult to estimate due to their high variability in space and time. Several years of N2O fluxes from drained boreal peatland forest indicate high importance of summer precipitation, winter temperature, and snow conditions in controlling annual N2O emissions. The results indicate increasing year-to-year variation in N2O emissions in changing climate with more extreme seasonal weather conditions.
Matthias Koschorreck, Norbert Kamjunke, Uta Koedel, Michael Rode, Claudia Schuetze, and Ingeborg Bussmann
Biogeosciences, 21, 1613–1628, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1613-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1613-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from different sites at the river Elbe in Germany over 3 days to find out what is more important for quantification: small-scale spatial variability or diurnal temporal variability. We found that CO2 emissions were very different between day and night, while CH4 emissions were more different between sites. Dried out river sediments contributed to CO2 emissions, while the side areas of the river were important CH4 sources.
Odysseas Sifounakis, Edwin Haas, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, and Maria P. Papadopoulou
Biogeosciences, 21, 1563–1581, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1563-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1563-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We performed a full assessment of the carbon and nitrogen cycles of a cropland ecosystem. An uncertainty analysis and quantification of all carbon and nitrogen fluxes were deployed. The inventory simulations include greenhouse gas emissions of N2O, NH3 volatilization and NO3 leaching from arable land cultivation in Greece. The inventory also reports changes in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in arable soils.
Sarah M. Ludwig, Luke Schiferl, Jacqueline Hung, Susan M. Natali, and Roisin Commane
Biogeosciences, 21, 1301–1321, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1301-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1301-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Landscapes are often assumed to be homogeneous when using eddy covariance fluxes, which can lead to biases when calculating carbon budgets. In this study we report eddy covariance carbon fluxes from heterogeneous tundra. We used the footprints of each flux observation to unmix the fluxes coming from components of the landscape. We identified and quantified hot spots of carbon emissions in the landscape. Accurately scaling with landscape heterogeneity yielded half as much regional carbon uptake.
Zhao-Jun Yong, Wei‐Jen Lin, Chiao-Wen Lin, and Hsing-Juh Lin Lin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-533, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-533, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study is the first to simultaneously measure mangrove CH4 emissions from both stems and soils throughout tidal cycles. The stems served as both net CO2 and CH4 sources. Compared to those of the soils, the stems exhibited markedly lower CH4 emissions, but no difference in CO2 emissions. Sampling only during low tides might overestimate the stem CO2 and CH4 emissions on a diurnal scale. This study also highlights species distinctness (with pneumatophores) in the emissions.
Justine Trémeau, Beñat Olascoaga, Leif Backman, Esko Karvinen, Henriikka Vekuri, and Liisa Kulmala
Biogeosciences, 21, 949–972, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-949-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-949-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied urban lawns and meadows in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland. We found that meadows are more resistant to drought events but that they do not increase carbon sequestration compared with lawns. Moreover, the transformation from lawns to meadows did not demonstrate any negative climate effects in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. Even though social and economic aspects also steer urban development, these results can guide planning to consider carbon-smart options.
Guantao Chen, Edzo Veldkamp, Muhammad Damris, Bambang Irawan, Aiyen Tjoa, and Marife D. Corre
Biogeosciences, 21, 513–529, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-513-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-513-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We established an oil palm management experiment in a large-scale oil palm plantation in Jambi, Indonesia. We recorded oil palm fruit yield and measured soil CO2, N2O, and CH4 fluxes. After 4 years of treatment, compared with conventional fertilization with herbicide weeding, reduced fertilization with mechanical weeding did not reduce yield and soil greenhouse gas emissions, which highlights the legacy effects of over a decade of conventional management prior to the start of the experiment.
Elizabeth Gachibu Wangari, Ricky Mwangada Mwanake, Tobias Houska, David Kraus, Gretchen Maria Gettel, Ralf Kiese, Lutz Breuer, and Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
Biogeosciences, 20, 5029–5067, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5029-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-5029-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Agricultural landscapes act as sinks or sources of the greenhouse gases (GHGs) CO2, CH4, or N2O. Various physicochemical and biological processes control the fluxes of these GHGs between ecosystems and the atmosphere. Therefore, fluxes depend on environmental conditions such as soil moisture, soil temperature, or soil parameters, which result in large spatial and temporal variations of GHG fluxes. Here, we describe an example of how this variation may be studied and analyzed.
Ekaterina Ezhova, Topi Laanti, Anna Lintunen, Pasi Kolari, Tuomo Nieminen, Ivan Mammarella, Keijo Heljanko, and Markku Kulmala
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2559, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2559, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
ML models are gaining popularity in biogeosciences. They are applied as gapfilling methods and used to upscale carbon fluxes to larger areas based on local measurements. In this study, we use Explainable ML methods to elucidate performance of machine learning models for carbon dioxide fluxes in boreal forest. We show that statistically equal models treat input variables differently. Explainable ML can help scientists to make informed solutions when applying ML models in their research.
Laurie C. Menviel, Paul Spence, Andrew E. Kiss, Matthew A. Chamberlain, Hakase Hayashida, Matthew H. England, and Darryn Waugh
Biogeosciences, 20, 4413–4431, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4413-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4413-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
As the ocean absorbs 25% of the anthropogenic emissions of carbon, it is important to understand the impact of climate change on the flux of carbon between the ocean and the atmosphere. Here, we use a very high-resolution ocean, sea-ice, carbon cycle model to show that the capability of the Southern Ocean to uptake CO2 has decreased over the last 40 years due to a strengthening and poleward shift of the southern hemispheric westerlies. This trend is expected to continue over the coming century.
Petr Znachor, Jiří Nedoma, Vojtech Kolar, and Anna Matoušů
Biogeosciences, 20, 4273–4288, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4273-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4273-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted intensive spatial sampling of the hypertrophic fishpond to better understand the spatial dynamics of methane fluxes and environmental heterogeneity in fishponds. The diffusive fluxes of methane accounted for only a minor fraction of the total fluxes and both varied pronouncedly within the pond and over the studied summer season. This could be explained only by the water depth. Wind substantially affected temperature, oxygen and chlorophyll a distribution in the pond.
Sofie Sjögersten, Martha Ledger, Matthias Siewert, Betsabé de la Barreda-Bautista, Andrew Sowter, David Gee, Giles Foody, and Doreen S. Boyd
Biogeosciences, 20, 4221–4239, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4221-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4221-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw in Arctic regions is increasing methane emissions, but quantification is difficult given the large and remote areas impacted. We show that UAV data together with satellite data can be used to extrapolate emissions across the wider landscape as well as detect areas at risk of higher emissions. A transition of currently degrading areas to fen type vegetation can increase emission by several orders of magnitude, highlighting the importance of quantifying areas at risk.
Cole G. Brachmann, Tage Vowles, Riikka Rinnan, Mats P. Björkman, Anna Ekberg, and Robert G. Björk
Biogeosciences, 20, 4069–4086, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4069-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4069-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Herbivores change plant communities through grazing, altering the amount of CO2 and plant-specific chemicals (termed VOCs) emitted. We tested this effect by excluding herbivores and studying the CO2 and VOC emissions. Herbivores reduced CO2 emissions from a meadow community and altered VOC composition; however, community type had the strongest effect on the amount of CO2 and VOCs released. Herbivores can mediate greenhouse gas emissions, but the effect is marginal and community dependent.
Ole Lessmann, Jorge Encinas Fernández, Karla Martínez-Cruz, and Frank Peeters
Biogeosciences, 20, 4057–4068, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4057-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4057-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Based on a large dataset of seasonally resolved methane (CH4) pore water concentrations in a reservoir's sediment, we assess the significance of CH4 emissions due to reservoir flushing. In the studied reservoir, CH4 emissions caused by one flushing operation can represent 7 %–14 % of the annual CH4 emissions and depend on the timing of the flushing operation. In reservoirs with high sediment loadings, regular flushing may substantially contribute to the overall CH4 emissions.
Matti Räsänen, Risto Vesala, Petri Rönnholm, Laura Arppe, Petra Manninen, Markus Jylhä, Jouko Rikkinen, Petri Pellikka, and Janne Rinne
Biogeosciences, 20, 4029–4042, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4029-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4029-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Fungus-growing termites recycle large parts of dead plant material in African savannas and are significant sources of greenhouse gases. We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes from their mounds and surrounding soils in open and closed habitats. The fluxes scale with mound volume. The results show that emissions from mounds of fungus-growing termites are more stable than those from other termites. The soil fluxes around the mound are affected by the termite colonies at up to 2 m distance from the mound.
Tim René de Groot, Anne Margriet Mol, Katherine Mesdag, Pierre Ramond, Rachel Ndhlovu, Julia Catherine Engelmann, Thomas Röckmann, and Helge Niemann
Biogeosciences, 20, 3857–3872, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3857-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3857-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates methane dynamics in the Wadden Sea. Our measurements revealed distinct variations triggered by seasonality and tidal forcing. The methane budget was higher in warmer seasons but surprisingly high in colder seasons. Methane dynamics were amplified during low tides, flushing the majority of methane into the North Sea or releasing it to the atmosphere. Methanotrophic activity was also elevated during low tide but mitigated only a small fraction of the methane efflux.
Frederic Thalasso, Brenda Riquelme, Andrés Gómez, Roy Mackenzie, Francisco Javier Aguirre, Jorge Hoyos-Santillan, Ricardo Rozzi, and Armando Sepulveda-Jauregui
Biogeosciences, 20, 3737–3749, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3737-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3737-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A robust skirt-chamber design to capture and quantify greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands is presented. Compared to standard methods, this design improves the spatial resolution of field studies in remote locations while minimizing intrusion.
Gesa Schulz, Tina Sanders, Yoana G. Voynova, Hermann W. Bange, and Kirstin Dähnke
Biogeosciences, 20, 3229–3247, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3229-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3229-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important greenhouse gas. However, N2O emissions from estuaries underlie significant uncertainties due to limited data availability and high spatiotemporal variability. We found the Elbe Estuary (Germany) to be a year-round source of N2O, with the highest emissions in winter along with high nitrogen loads. However, in spring and summer, N2O emissions did not decrease alongside lower nitrogen loads because organic matter fueled in situ N2O production along the estuary.
Alex Mavrovic, Oliver Sonnentag, Juha Lemmetyinen, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Christophe Kinnard, and Alexandre Roy
Biogeosciences, 20, 2941–2970, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2941-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2941-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This review supports the integration of microwave spaceborne information into carbon cycle science for Arctic–boreal regions. The microwave data record spans multiple decades with frequent global observations of soil moisture and temperature, surface freeze–thaw cycles, vegetation water storage, snowpack properties, and land cover. This record holds substantial unexploited potential to better understand carbon cycle processes.
Zoé Rehder, Thomas Kleinen, Lars Kutzbach, Victor Stepanenko, Moritz Langer, and Victor Brovkin
Biogeosciences, 20, 2837–2855, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2837-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2837-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We use a new model to investigate how methane emissions from Arctic ponds change with warming. We find that emissions increase substantially. Under annual temperatures 5 °C above present temperatures, pond methane emissions are more than 3 times higher than now. Most of this increase is caused by an increase in plant productivity as plants provide the substrate microbes used to produce methane. We conclude that vegetation changes need to be included in predictions of pond methane emissions.
Julian Koch, Lars Elsgaard, Mogens H. Greve, Steen Gyldenkærne, Cecilie Hermansen, Gregor Levin, Shubiao Wu, and Simon Stisen
Biogeosciences, 20, 2387–2403, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2387-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2387-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Utilizing peatlands for agriculture leads to large emissions of greenhouse gases worldwide. The emissions are triggered by lowering the water table, which is a necessary step in order to make peatlands arable. Many countries aim at reducing their emissions by restoring peatlands, which can be achieved by stopping agricultural activities and thereby raising the water table. We estimate a total emission of 2.6 Mt CO2-eq for organic-rich peatlands in Denmark and a potential reduction of 77 %.
Mélissa Laurent, Matthias Fuchs, Tanja Herbst, Alexandra Runge, Susanne Liebner, and Claire C. Treat
Biogeosciences, 20, 2049–2064, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2049-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2049-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we investigated the effect of different parameters (temperature, landscape position) on the production of greenhouse gases during a 1-year permafrost thaw experiment. For very similar carbon and nitrogen contents, our results show a strong heterogeneity in CH4 production, as well as in microbial abundance. According to our study, these differences are mainly due to the landscape position and the hydrological conditions established as a result of the topography.
Michael Moubarak, Seeta Sistla, Stefano Potter, Susan M. Natali, and Brendan M. Rogers
Biogeosciences, 20, 1537–1557, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1537-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1537-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Tundra wildfires are increasing in frequency and severity with climate change. We show using a combination of field measurements and computational modeling that tundra wildfires result in a positive feedback to climate change by emitting significant amounts of long-lived greenhouse gasses. With these effects, attention to tundra fires is necessary for mitigating climate change.
Hanna I. Campen, Damian L. Arévalo-Martínez, and Hermann W. Bange
Biogeosciences, 20, 1371–1379, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1371-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1371-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a climate-relevant trace gas emitted from the ocean. However, oceanic CO cycling is understudied. Results from incubation experiments conducted in the Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean) indicated that (i) pH did not affect CO cycling and (ii) enhanced CO production and consumption were positively correlated with coloured dissolved organic matter and nitrate concentrations. This suggests microbial CO uptake to be the driving factor for CO cycling in the Arctic Ocean.
Yihong Zhu, Ruihua Liu, Huai Zhang, Shaoda Liu, Zhengfeng Zhang, Fei-Hai Yu, and Timothy G. Gregoire
Biogeosciences, 20, 1357–1370, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1357-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1357-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With global warming, the risk of flooding is rising, but the response of the carbon cycle of aquatic and associated riparian systems
to flooding is still unclear. Based on the data collected in the Lijiang, we found that flooding would lead to significant carbon emissions of fluvial areas and riparian areas during flooding, but carbon capture may happen after flooding. In the riparian areas, the surviving vegetation, especially clonal plants, played a vital role in this transformation.
Lauri Heiskanen, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Henriikka Vekuri, Aleksi Räsänen, Tarmo Virtanen, Sari Juutinen, Annalea Lohila, Juha Mikola, and Mika Aurela
Biogeosciences, 20, 545–572, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-545-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-545-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured and modelled the CO2 and CH4 fluxes of the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of the subarctic landscape for 2 years. The landscape was an annual CO2 sink and a CH4 source. The forest had the largest contribution to the landscape-level CO2 sink and the peatland to the CH4 emissions. The lakes released 24 % of the annual net C uptake of the landscape back to the atmosphere. The C fluxes were affected most by the rainy peak growing season of 2017 and the drought event in July 2018.
Artem G. Lim, Ivan V. Krickov, Sergey N. Vorobyev, Mikhail A. Korets, Sergey Kopysov, Liudmila S. Shirokova, Jan Karlsson, and Oleg S. Pokrovsky
Biogeosciences, 19, 5859–5877, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5859-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5859-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In order to quantify C transport and emission and main environmental factors controlling the C cycle in Siberian rivers, we investigated the largest tributary of the Ob River, the Ket River basin, by measuring spatial and seasonal variations in carbon CO2 and CH4 concentrations and emissions together with hydrochemical analyses. The obtained results are useful for large-scale modeling of C emission and export fluxes from permafrost-free boreal rivers of an underrepresented region of the world.
Robert J. Parker, Chris Wilson, Edward Comyn-Platt, Garry Hayman, Toby R. Marthews, A. Anthony Bloom, Mark F. Lunt, Nicola Gedney, Simon J. Dadson, Joe McNorton, Neil Humpage, Hartmut Boesch, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Paul I. Palmer, and Dai Yamazaki
Biogeosciences, 19, 5779–5805, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane, one of the most important climate gases. The JULES land surface model simulates these emissions. We use satellite data to evaluate how well JULES reproduces the methane seasonal cycle over different tropical wetlands. It performs well for most regions; however, it struggles for some African wetlands influenced heavily by river flooding. We explain the reasons for these deficiencies and highlight how future development will improve these areas.
Saúl Edgardo Martínez Castellón, José Henrique Cattanio, José Francisco Berrêdo, Marcelo Rollnic, Maria de Lourdes Ruivo, and Carlos Noriega
Biogeosciences, 19, 5483–5497, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5483-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5483-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We seek to understand the influence of climatic seasonality and microtopography on CO2 and CH4 fluxes in an Amazonian mangrove. Topography and seasonality had a contrasting influence when comparing the two gas fluxes: CO2 fluxes were greater in high topography in the dry period, and CH4 fluxes were greater in the rainy season in low topography. Only CO2 fluxes were correlated with soil organic matter, the proportion of carbon and nitrogen, and redox potential.
Matthias Koschorreck, Klaus Holger Knorr, and Lelaina Teichert
Biogeosciences, 19, 5221–5236, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5221-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5221-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
At low water levels, parts of the bottom of rivers fall dry. These beaches or mudflats emit the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. We found that those emissions are caused by microbial reactions in the sediment and that they change with time. Emissions were influenced by many factors like temperature, water level, rain, plants, and light.
Wantong Zhang, Zhengyi Hu, Joachim Audet, Thomas A. Davidson, Enze Kang, Xiaoming Kang, Yong Li, Xiaodong Zhang, and Jinzhi Wang
Biogeosciences, 19, 5187–5197, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5187-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5187-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work focused on the CH4 and N2O emissions from alpine peatlands in response to the interactive effects of altered water table levels and increased nitrogen deposition. Across the 2-year mesocosm experiment, nitrogen deposition showed nonlinear effects on CH4 emissions and linear effects on N2O emissions, and these N effects were associated with the water table levels. Our results imply the future scenario of strengthened CH4 and N2O emissions from an alpine peatland.
Karel Castro-Morales, Anna Canning, Sophie Arzberger, Will A. Overholt, Kirsten Küsel, Olaf Kolle, Mathias Göckede, Nikita Zimov, and Arne Körtzinger
Biogeosciences, 19, 5059–5077, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5059-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5059-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Permafrost thaw releases methane that can be emitted into the atmosphere or transported by Arctic rivers. Methane measurements are lacking in large Arctic river regions. In the Kolyma River (northeast Siberia), we measured dissolved methane to map its distribution with great spatial detail. The river’s edge and river junctions had the highest methane concentrations compared to other river areas. Microbial communities in the river showed that the river’s methane likely is from the adjacent land.
Sonja Gindorf, Hermann W. Bange, Dennis Booge, and Annette Kock
Biogeosciences, 19, 4993–5006, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4993-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4993-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Methane is a climate-relevant greenhouse gas which is emitted to the atmosphere from coastal areas such as the Baltic Sea. We measured the methane concentration in the water column of the western Kiel Bight. Methane concentrations were higher in September than in June. We found no relationship between the 2018 European heatwave and methane concentrations. Our results show that the methane distribution in the water column is strongly affected by temporal and spatial variabilities.
Cited articles
Baggs, E. M., Smales, C. L., and Bateman, E. J.: Changing pH shifts the microbial sourceas well as the magnitude of N2O emission from soil, Biol. Fertil. Soil., 46, 793–805, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-010-0484-6, 2010.
Bahram, M., Espenberg, M., Pärn, J., Lehtovirta-Morley, L., Anslan, S., Kasak, K., Koljalg, U., Liira, J., Maddison, M., Moora, M., Niinemets, Ü., Öpik, M., Pärtel, M., Soosaar, K., Zobel, M., Hildebrand, F., Tedersoo, L., and Mander, Ü.: Structure and function of the soil microbiome underlying N2O emissions from global wetlands, Nat. Commun., 13, 1430, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29161-3, 2022.
Balderston, W. L., Sherr, B., and Payne, W. J.: Blockage by acetylene of nitrous-oxide reduction in Pseudomonas perfectomarinus, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 31, 504–508, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.31.4.504-508.1976, 1976.
Bao, Q. L., Ju, X. T., Gao, B., Qu, Z., Christie, P., and Lu, Y. H.: Response of nitrous oxide and corresponding bacteria to managements in an agricultural soil, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 76, 130–141, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2011.0152, 2012.
Barnard, R., Leadley, P. W., and Hungate, B. A.: Global change, nitrification, and denitrification: A review, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 19, GB1007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004gb002282, 2005.
Beaulieu, J. J., Tank, J. L., Hamilton, S. K., Wollheim, W. M., Hall, R. O., Mulholland, P. J., Peterson, B. J., Ashkenas, L. R., Cooper, L. W., Dahm, C. N., Dodds, W. K., Grimm, N. B., Johnson, S. L., McDowell, W. H., Poole, G. C., Valett, H. M., Arango, C. P., Bernot, M. J., Burgin, A. J., Crenshaw, C. L., Helton, A. M., Johnson, L. T., O'Brien, J. M., Potter, J. D., Sheibley, R. W., Sobota, D. J., and Thomas, S. M.: Nitrous oxide emission from denitrification in stream and river networks, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 214–219, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1011464108, 2011.
Bender, E. A., Case, T. J., and Gilpin, M. E.: Perturbation experiments in community ecology – theory and practice, Ecology, 65, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.2307/1939452, 1984.
Betlach, M. R. and Tiedje, J. M.: Kinetic explanation for accumulation of nitrite, nitric-oxide, and nitrous-oxide during bacterial denitrification, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 42, 1074–1084, 1981.
Billings, S. A. and Tiemann, L. K.: Warming-induced enhancement of soil N2O efflux linked to distinct response times of genes driving N2O production and consumption, Biogeochemistry, 119, 371–386, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-014-9973-2, 2014.
Bowen, J. L., Ward, B. B., Morrison, H. G., Hobbie, J. E., Valiela, I., Deegan, L. A., and Sogin, M. L.: Microbial community composition in sediments resists perturbation by nutrient enrichment, Isme J., 5, 1540–1548, https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.22, 2011.
Braker, G., Fesefeldt, A., and Witzel, K. P.: Development of PCR primer systems for amplification of nitrite reductase genes (nirK and nirS) to detect denitrifying bacteria in environmental samples, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 64, 3769–3775, 1998.
Brown, J. R., Blankinship, J. C., Niboyet, A., van Groenigen, K. J., Dijkstra, P., Le Roux, X., Leadley, P. W., and Hungate, B. A.: Effects of multiple global change treatments on soil N2O fluxes, Biogeochemistry, 109, 85–100, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-011-9655-2, 2012.
Burgin, A. J. and Groffman, P. M.: Soil O2 controls denitrification rates and N2O yield in a riparian wetland, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 117, G01010, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jg001799, 2012.
Butterbach-Bahl, K., Baggs, E. M., Dannenmann, M., Kiese, R., and Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S.: Nitrous oxide emissions from soils: how well do we understand the processes and their controls?, Philos. T. R. Soc. B, 368, 20130122, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0122, 2013.
Cavigelli, M. A. and Robertson, G. P.: Role of denitrifier diversity in rates of nitrous oxide consumption in a terrestrial ecosystem, Soil Biol. Biochem., 33, 297–310, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0038-0717(00)00141-3, 2001.
Chen, Z., Yang, S. Q., Zhang, A. P., Jing, X., Song, W. M., Mi, Z. R., Zhang, Q. W., Wang, W. Y., and Yang, Z. L.: Nitrous oxide emissions following seasonal freeze-thaw events from arable soils in Northeast China, J. Integr. Agr., 17, 231–246, https://doi.org/10.1016/s2095-3119(17)61738-6, 2018.
Conrad, R.: Soil microorganisms as controllers of atmospheric trace gases (H2, CO, CH4, OCS, N2O, and NO), Microbiol. Rev., 60, 609–640, https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.60.4.609-640.1996, 1996.
Davidson, E. A., Swank, W. T., and Perry, T. O.: Distinguishing between nitrification and denitrification as sources of gaseous nitrogen production in soil, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 52, 1280–1286, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.52.6.1280-1286.1986, 1986.
Denman, K. L., Brasseur, G., Chidthaisong, A., Ciais, P., Cox, P. M., Dickinson, R. E., Hauglustaine, D., Heinze, C., Holland, E., Jacob, D., Lohmann, U., Ramachandran, S., da Silva Dias, P. L., Wofsy, S. C., and Zhang, X.: Couplings between changes in the climate system and biogeochemistry, in: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 499–507, 2007.
Elder, J. W. and Lal, R.: Tillage effects on gaseous emissions from an intensively farmed organic soil in North Central Ohio, Soil Till. Res., 98, 45–55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2007.10.003, 2008.
Firestone, M. K., Firestone, R. B., and Tiedje, J. M.: Nitrous oxide from soil denitrification: Factors controlling its biological production, Science, 208, 749–751, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.208.4445.749, 1980.
Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Betts, R., Fahey, D. W., Haywood, J., Lean, J., Lowe, D. C., and Myhre, G.: Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forcing, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the 4th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2007.
Froelich, P. N., Klinkhammer, G. P., Bender, M. L., Luedtke, N. A., Heath, G. R., Cullen, D., Dauphin, P., Hammond, D., Hartman, B., and Maynard, V.: Early oxidation of organic-matter in pelagic sediments of the eastern Equatorial Atlantic – suboxic diagenesis, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 43, 1075–1090, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(79)90095-4, 1979.
Galloway, J. N., Dentener, F. J., Capone, D. G., Boyer, E. W., Howarth, R. W., Seitzinger, S. P., Asner, G. P., Cleveland, C. C., Green, P. A., Holland, E. A., Karl, D. M., Michaels, A. F., Porter, J. H., Townsend, A. R., and Vorosmarty, C. J.: Nitrogen cycles: Past, present, and future, Biogeochemistry, 70, 153–226, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-0370-0, 2004.
Gerringa, L. J. A., Hummel, H., and Moerdijk-Poortvliet, T. C. W.: Relations between free copper and salinity, dissolved and particulate organic carbon in the Oosterschelde and Westerschelde, Netherlands, J. Sea Res., 40, 193–203, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1385-1101(98)00021-5, 1998.
Giblin, A. E., Weston, N. B., Banta, G. T., Tucker, J., and Hopkinson, C. S.: The effects of salinity on nitrogen losses from an oligohaline estuarine sediment, Estuar. Coast., 33, 1054–1068, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9280-7, 2010.
Goodroad, L. L. and Keeney, D. R.: Nitrous oxide emissions from soils during thawing, Can. J. Soil Sci., 64, 187–194, https://doi.org/10.4141/cjss84-020, 1984.
Grabb, K. C., Buchwald, C., Hansel, C. M., and Wankel, S. D.: A dual nitrite isotopic investigation of chemodenitrification by mineral-associated Fe(II) and its production of nitrous oxide, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 196, 388–402, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.10.026, 2017.
Graf, D. R. H., Jones, C. M., and Hallin, S.: Intergenomic comparisons highlight modularity of the denitrification pathway and underpin the importance of community structure for N2O emissions, Plos One, 9, e114118, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114118, 2014.
Griffiths, B. S. and Philippot, L.: Insights into the resistance and resilience of the soil microbial community, Fems Microbiol. Rev., 37, 112–129, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2012.00343.x, 2013.
Groffman, P. M., Holland, E., Myrold, D. D., Robertson, G. P., and Zou, X.: Denitrification, in: Standard Soil Methods for Long Term Ecological Research, edited by: Robertson, G. P., Bledsoe, C. S., Coleman, D. C., and Sollins, P., Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 272–288, 1999.
Groffman, P. M., Altabet, M. A., Bohlke, J. K., Butterbach-Bahl, K., David, M. B., Firestone, M. K., Giblin, A. E., Kana, T. M., Nielsen, L. P., and Voytek, M. A.: Methods for measuring denitrification: Diverse approaches to a difficult problem, Ecol. Appl., 16, 2091–2122, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[2091:mfmdda]2.0.co;2, 2006.
Groffman, P. M., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Fulweiler, R. W., Gold, A. J., Morse, J. L., Stander, E. K., Tague, C., Tonitto, C., and Vidon, P.: Challenges to incorporating spatially and temporally explicit phenomena (hotspots and hot moments) in denitrification models, Biogeochemistry, 93, 49–77, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9277-5, 2009.
Harrison-Kirk, T., Beare, M. H., Meenken, E. D., and Condron, L. M.: Soil organic matter and texture affect responses to dry/wet cycles: Effects on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions, Soil Biol. Biochem., 57, 43–55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.10.008, 2013.
Hedlund, B. P., McDonald, A. I., Lam, J., Dodsworth, J. A., Brown, J. R., and Hungate, B. A.: Potential role of Thermus thermophilus and T. oshimai in high rates of nitrous oxide (N2O) production in ∼ 80 °C hot springs in the US Great Basin, Geobiology, 9, 471–480, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4669.2011.00295.x, 2011.
Henault, C., Grossel, A., Mary, B., Roussel, M., and Leonard, J.: Nitrous oxide emission by agricultural soils: A review of spatial and temporal variability for mitigation, Pedosphere, 22, 426–433, 2012.
Henry, S., Bru, D., Stres, B., Hallet, S., and Philippot, L.: Quantitative detection of the nosZ gene, encoding nitrous oxide reductase, and comparison of the abundances of 16S rRNA, narG, nirK, and nosZ genes in soils, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 72, 5181–5189, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00231-06, 2006.
Hou, H. J., Peng, S. Z., Xu, J. Z., Yang, S. H., and Mao, Z.: Seasonal variations of CH4 and N2O emissions in response to water management of paddy fields located in Southeast China, Chemosphere, 89, 884–892, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.04.066, 2012.
Hu, H. W., Chen, D., and He, J. Z.: Microbial regulation of terrestrial nitrous oxide formation: Understanding the biological pathways for prediction of emission rates, Fems Microbiol. Rev., 39, 729–749, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fuv021, 2015.
Huang, X. D., Grace, P., Mengersen, K., and Weier, K.: Spatio-temporal variation in soil derived nitrous oxide emissions under sugarcane, Sci. Total Environ., 409, 4572–4578, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.07.044, 2011.
Hynes, R. K. and Knowles, R.: Inhibition by acetylene of ammonia oxidation in Nitrosomonas-europaea, Fems Microbiol. Lett., 4, 319–321, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1978.tb02889.x, 1978.
Kearns, P. J., Angell, J. H., Feinman, S. G., and Bowen, J. L.: Long-term nutrient addition differentially alters community composition and diversity of genes that control nitrous oxide flux from salt marsh sediments, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 154, 39–47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.12.014, 2015.
Kearns, P. J., Angell, J. H., Howard, E. M., Deegan, L. A., Stanley, R. H. R., and Bowen, J. L.: Nutrient enrichment induces dormancy and decreases diversity of active bacteria in salt marsh sediments, Nat. Commun., 7, 12881, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12881, 2016.
Knowles, R.: Denitrification, Microbiol. Rev., 46, 43–70, 1982.
Larsen, K. S., Andresen, L. C., Beier, C., Jonasson, S., Albert, K. R., Ambus, P., Arndal, M. F., Carter, M. S., Christensen, S., Holmstrup, M., Ibrom, A., Kongstad, J., van der Linden, L., Maraldo, K., Michelsen, A., Mikkelsen, T. N., Pilegaard, K., Prieme, A., Ro-Poulsen, H., Schmidt, I. K., Selsted, M. B., and Stevnbak, K.: Reduced N cycling in response to elevated CO2, warming, and drought in a Danish heathland: Synthesizing results of the CLIMAITE project after two years of treatments, Glob. Change Biol., 17, 1884–1899, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02351.x, 2011.
Li, Y., Fu, X. Q., Liu, X. L., Shen, J. L., Luo, Q., Xiao, R. L., Li, Y. Y., Tong, C. L., and Wu, J. S.: Spatial variability and distribution of N2O emissions from a tea field during the dry season in subtropical central China, Geoderma, 193, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.10.008, 2013.
Liu, B. B., Morkved, P. T., Frostegard, A., and Bakken, L. R.: Denitrification gene pools, transcription and kinetics of NO, N2O and N2 production as affected by soil pH, Fems Microbiol. Ecol., 72, 407–417, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00856.x, 2010.
Liu, B. B., Frostegård, Å., and Bakken, L. R.: Impaired reduction of N2O to N2 in acid soils is due to a posttranscriptional interference with the expression of nosZ, Mbio, 5, 3, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01383-14, 2014.
Liu, B. B., Zhang, X., Bakken, L. R., Snipen, L., and Frostegård, Å.: Rapid succession of actively transcribing denitrifier populations in agricultural soil during an anoxic spell, Front. Microbiol., 9, 3208, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.03208, 2019.
Maeda, K., Spor, A., Edel-Hermann, V., Heraud, C., Breuil, M. C., Bizouard, F., Toyoda, S., Yoshida, N., Steinberg, C., and Philippot, L.: N2O production, a widespread trait in fungi, Sci. Rep., 5, 9697, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09697, 2015.
Magalhaes, C., Costa, J., Teixeira, C., and Bordalo, A. A.: Impact of trace metals on denitrification in estuarine sediments of the Douro River estuary, Portugal, Mar. Chem., 107, 332–341, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2007.02.005, 2007.
Magalhaes, C. M., Machado, A., Matos, P., and Bordalo, A. A.: Impact of copper on the diversity, abundance and transcription of nitrite and nitrous oxide reductase genes in an urban European estuary, Fems Microbiol. Ecol., 77, 274–284, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01107.x, 2011.
Mathieu, O., Hénault, C., Lévêque, J., Baujard, E., Milloux, M. J., and Andreux, F.: Quantifying the contribution of nitrification and denitrification to the nitrous oxide flux using 15N tracers, Environ. Pollut., 144, 933–940, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.02.005, 2006.
McClain, M. E., Boyer, E. W., Dent, C. L., Gergel, S. E., Grimm, N. B., Groffman, P. M., Hart, S. C., Harvey, J. W., Johnston, C. A., Mayorga, E., McDowell, W. H., and Pinay, G.: Biogeochemical hot spots and hot moments at the interface of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, Ecosystems, 6, 301–312, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-003-0161-9, 2003.
Mettel, C., Kim, Y., Shrestha, P. M., and Liesack, W.: Extraction of mRNA from Soil, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 76, 5995–6000, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.03047-09, 2010.
Nielsen, L. P.: Denitrification in sediment determined from nitrogen isotope pairing, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 86, 357–362, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb04828.x 1992.
Nixon, S. W.: Eutrophication and the macroscope, Hydrobiologia, 629, 5–19, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-9759-z, 2009.
Payne, W. J.: Reduction of nitrogenous oxides by microorganisms, Bacteriol. Rev., 37, 409–452, https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.37.4.409-452.1973, 1973.
Philippot, L., Andert, J., Jones, C. M., Bru, D., and Hallin, S.: Importance of denitrifiers lacking the genes encoding the nitrous oxide reductase for N2O emissions from soil, Glob. Change Biol., 17, 1497–1504, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02334.x, 2011.
Philippot, L., Cregut, M., Chèneby, D., Bressan, M., Dequiet, S., Martin-Laurent, F., Ranjard, L., and Lemanceau, P.: Effect of primary mild stresses on resilience and resistance of the nitrate reducer community to a subsequent severe stress, Fems Microbiol. Lett., 285, 51–57, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01210.x, 2008.
Porubsky, W. P., Weston, N. B., and Joye, S. B.: Benthic metabolism and the fate of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in intertidal sediments, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 83, 392–402, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2009.04.012, 2009.
Raut, N., Dorsch, P., Sitaula, B. K., and Bakken, L. R.: Soil acidification by intensified crop production in South Asia results in higher N2O (N2+N2O) product ratios of denitrification, Soil Biol. Biochem., 55, 104–112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.06.011, 2012.
Ravishankara, A. R., Daniel, J. S., and Portmann, R. W.: Nitrous oxide (N2O): The dominant ozone-depleting substance emitted in the 21st Century, Science, 326, 123–125, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1176985, 2009.
Robinson, T. C., Latta, D. E., Notini, L., Schilling, K. E., and Scherer, M. M.: Abiotic reduction of nitrite by Fe(II): a comparison of rates and N2O production, Environ. Sci., 23, 1531–1541, 2021.
Roco, C. A., Bergaust, L. L., Bakken, L. R., Yavitt, J. B., and Shapleigh, J. P.: Modularity of nitrogen-oxide reducing soil bacteria: Linking phenotype to genotype, Environ. Microbiol., 19, 2507–2519, https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13250, 2017.
Rosamond, M. S., Thuss, S. J., and Schiff, S. L.: Dependence of riverine nitrous oxide emissions on dissolved oxygen levels, Nat. Geosci., 5, 715–718, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1556, 2012.
Ruyters, S., Mertens, J., T'Seyen, I., Springael, D., and Smolders, E.: Dynamics of the nitrous oxide reducing community during adaptation to Zn stress in soil, Soil Biol. Biochem., 42, 1581–1587, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.05.036, 2010.
Sanford, R. A., Wagner, D. D., Wu, Q. Z., Chee-Sanford, J. C., Thomas, S. H., Cruz-Garcia, C., Rodriguez, G., Massol-Deya, A., Krishnani, K. K., Ritalahti, K. M., Nissen, S., Konstantinidis, K. T., and Loffler, F. E.: Unexpected nondenitrifier nitrous oxide reductase gene diversity and abundance in soils, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 109, 19709–19714, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1211238109, 2012.
Seitzinger, S. P.: Denitrification in fresh-water and coastal marine ecosystems – ecological and geochemical significance, Limnol. Oceanogr., 33, 702–724, 1988.
Steudler, P. A., Melillo, J. M., Bowden, R. D., Castro, M. S., and Lugo, A. E.: The effects of natural and human disturbances on soil nitrogen dynamics and trace gas fluxes in a Puerto Rican wet forest, Biotropica, 23, 356–363, https://doi.org/10.2307/2388252, 1991.
Teh, Y. A., Silver, W. L., Sonnentag, O., Detto, M., Kelly, M., and Baldocchi, D. D.: Large greenhouse gas emissions from a temperate peatland pasture, Ecosystems, 14, 311–325, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9411-4, 2011.
Teixeira, C., Magalhaes, C., Joye, S. B., and Bordalo, A. A.: The role of salinity in shaping dissolved inorganic nitrogen and N2O dynamics in estuarine sediment-water interface, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 66, 225–229, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.11.004, 2013.
Tian, H. Q., Xu, R. T., Canadell, J. G., Thompson, R. L., Winiwarter, W., Suntharalingam, P., Davidson, E. A., Ciais, P., Jackson, R. B., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Prather, M. J., Regnier, P., Pan, N. Q., Pan, S. F., Peters, G. P., Shi, H., Tubiello, F. N., Zaehle, S., Zhou, F., Arneth, A., Battaglia, G., Berthet, S., Bopp, L., Bouwman, A. F., Buitenhuis, E. T., Chang, J. F., Chipperfield, M. P., Dangal, S. R. S., Dlugokencky, E., Elkins, J. W., Eyre, B. D., Fu, B. J., Hall, B., Ito, A., Joos, F., Krummel, P. B., Landolfi, A., Laruelle, G. G., Lauerwald, R., Li, W., Lienert, S., Maavara, T., MacLeod, M., Millet, D. B., Olin, S., Patra, P. K., Prinn, R. G., Raymond, P. A., Ruiz, D. J., van der Werf, G. R., Vuichard, N., Wang, J. J., Weiss, R. F., Wells, K. C., Wilson, C., Yang, J., and Yao, Y. Z.: A comprehensive quantification of global nitrous oxide sources and sinks, Nature, 586, 248–256, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2780-0, 2020.
van Damme, S., Struyf, E., Maris, T., Ysebaert, T., Dehairs, F., Tackx, M., Heip, C., and Meire, P.: Spatial and temporal patterns of water quality along the estuarine salinity gradient of the Scheldt estuary (Belgium and The Netherlands): Results of an integrated monitoring approach, Hydrobiologia, 540, 29–45, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-004-7102-2, 2005.
van den Heuvel, R. N., Bakker, S. E., Jetten, M. S. M., and Hefting, M. M.: Decreased N2O reduction by low soil pH causes high N2O emissions in a riparian ecosystem, Geobiology, 9, 294–300, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4669.2011.00276.x, 2011.
Vilain, G., Garnier, J., Decuq, C., and Lugnot, M.: Nitrous oxide production from soil experiments: denitrification prevails over nitrification, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst., 98, 169–186, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-014-9604-2, 2014.
Vitousek, P. M. and Howarth, R. W.: Nitrogen limitation on land and in the sea – how can it occur, Biogeochemistry, 13, 87–115, 1991.
Wang, H., Yan, Z. F., Ju, X. T., Song, X. T., Zhang, J. B., Li, S. L., and Xia, Z. B.: Quantifying nitrous oxide production rates from nitrification and denitrification under various moisture conditions in agricultural soils: Laboratory study and literature synthesis, Front. Microbiol., 13, 1110151, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1110151, 2023.
Wang, L. F., Cai, Z. C., Yang, L. F., and Meng, L.: Effects of disturbance and glucose addition on nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from a paddy soil, Soil Till. Res., 82, 185–194, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2004.06.001, 2005.
Weitzman, J. N., Groffman, P. M., Adler, P. R., Dell, C. J., Johnson, F. E., Lerch, R. N., and Strickland, T. C.: Drivers of hot spots and hot moments of denitrification in agricultural systems, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 126, e2020JG006234, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jg006234, 2021.
Weslien, P., Klemedtsson, A. K., Borjesson, G., and Klemedtsson, L.: Strong pH influence on N2O and CH4 fluxes from forested organic soils, Europ. J. Soil Sci., 60, 311–320, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2009.01123.x, 2009.
Weston, N.: Laboratory measurements of nitrous oxide production rates in agricultural soils from Lancaster, PA, estuarine sediments from the Scheldt Estuary Belgium/Netherlands, and estuarine soils from the Delaware River NJ under gradients of physicochemical perturbation ver 1, Environmental Data Initiative [data set], https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/49650b321b5c977b5e8baa92d991254b, 2024.
Wuebbles, D. J.: Nitrous oxide: No laughing matter, Science, 326, 56–57, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1179571, 2009.
Xu, J. Z., Wei, Q., Yang, S. H., Gao, X. L., and Lv, Y. P.: Influence of watering methods on the short-term pulse emissions of nitrous oxide from disturbed horticultural soil, Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 46, 2688–2706, https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2015.1089269, 2015.
Yang, Z., Deng, Y., Zhong, L., Xiao, R., and Su, X. X.: Responses of soil bacterial and fungal denitrification and associated N2O emissions to organochloride pesticide, Sci. Total Environ., 905, 167321, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167321, 2023.
Yoon, S., Nissen, S., Park, D., Sanford, R. A., and Löffler, F. E.: Nitrous oxide reduction kinetics distinguish bacteria harboring Clade I Nosz from those harboring Clade II NosZ, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 82, 3793–3800, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00409-16, 2016.
Yoshinari, T. and Knowles, R.: Acetylene inhibition of nitrous oxide reduction by denitrifying bacteria, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 69, 705–710, https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(76)90932-3, 1976.
Short summary
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse and ozone-depleting gas produced largely from microbial nitrogen cycling processes, and human activities have resulted in increases in atmospheric N2O. We investigate the role of physical and chemical disturbances to soils and sediments in N2O production. We demonstrate that physicochemical perturbation increases N2O production, microbial community adapts over time, and initial perturbation appears to confer resilience to subsequent disturbance.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse and ozone-depleting gas produced largely from...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint