Biogeosciences
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Articles | Volume 23, issue 13
Articles | Volume 23, issue 13
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-4719-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-4719-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 23, issue 13
Research article
 | 
09 Jul 2026
Research article |  | 09 Jul 2026

A potential explanation for the anomalously low nitrate to phosphate ratio in the well-oxygenated East/Japan Sea

Hyo-Ryeon Kim, Jae-Hyun Lim, Hae-Kun Jung, Jeong-Min Shim, Ju-Hyoung Kim, Seo-Young Kim, and Il-Nam Kim

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Latest update: 15 Oct 2026
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Short summary
The well-oxygenated East/Japan Sea shows a low NO3⁻:PO43− ratio (12.6:1), below the Redfield ratio (16:1). External P inputs cannot explain this. Abundant N-reducing genes and bacteria indicate microbial N loss within oxygen-poor microzones in sinking particles. A dual feedback is proposed: surface N enrichment from atmospheric deposition and deep N loss from deoxygenation, forming a vertically stratified nutrient regime under future change.
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