Articles | Volume 19, issue 15
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3595-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3595-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Quantifying biological carbon pump pathways with a data-constrained mechanistic model ensemble approach
Michael R. Stukel
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State
University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State
University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
Moira Décima
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San
Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
Michael R. Landry
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San
Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Cited
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Distinct sources of uncertainty in simulations of the ocean biological carbon pump at different depths B. Wang & K. Fennel https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01561-x
- The ecology of carbon sequestration in coastal upwelling ecosystems M. Stukel et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biag021
- Zooplankton diel vertical migration enhances carbon export via distinct mechanisms in a warming North Pacific C. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70124
- Environmental forcing reshapes copepod functional diversity in the Northwest Atlantic N. McGinty et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbag065
- Export of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) compared to the particulate and active fluxes near South Georgia, Southern Ocean E. Lovecchio et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2023.105338
- SeapoPym v0.1: implementation of the SEAPODYM low and mid trophic levels in Python with a flexible optimization framework J. Lehodey et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-8349-2026
- Carbon sequestration by multiple biological pump pathways in a coastal upwelling biome M. Stukel et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37771-8
- A focus on different types of organic matter particles and their significance in the open ocean carbon cycle C. Baumas & M. Bizic https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2024.103233
- Ocean biological carbon pump: The evolution and prospects G. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2026.103450
- Elemental accumulation in three mesopelagic fishes from the strait of Messina (Central Mediterranean Sea) D. Di Paola et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.120220
- Roles of microzooplankton in the biological carbon pump A. Calbet https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2026.103700
- Effects of migrating mesopelagic fishes on the biological carbon pump D. Aksnes et al. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14373
- The Indonesian seas as a potential regional exception to global ocean darkening: Indications of long-term euphotic zone depth (Zeu) deepening associated with suspended particulate matter and surface shortwave radiation Q. Sari et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2026.105067
- The ZooScan and the ZooCAM zooplankton imaging systems are intercomparable: A benchmark on the Bay of Biscay zooplankton N. Grandremy et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10577
- More realistic plankton simulation models will improve projections of ocean ecosystem responses to global change K. Flynn et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02788-3
- Sinking particle export within and beneath the euphotic zone in the eastern Indian Ocean M. Stukel et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2026.105590
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Distinct sources of uncertainty in simulations of the ocean biological carbon pump at different depths B. Wang & K. Fennel https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01561-x
- The ecology of carbon sequestration in coastal upwelling ecosystems M. Stukel et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biag021
- Zooplankton diel vertical migration enhances carbon export via distinct mechanisms in a warming North Pacific C. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.70124
- Environmental forcing reshapes copepod functional diversity in the Northwest Atlantic N. McGinty et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbag065
- Export of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) compared to the particulate and active fluxes near South Georgia, Southern Ocean E. Lovecchio et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2023.105338
- SeapoPym v0.1: implementation of the SEAPODYM low and mid trophic levels in Python with a flexible optimization framework J. Lehodey et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-8349-2026
- Carbon sequestration by multiple biological pump pathways in a coastal upwelling biome M. Stukel et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37771-8
- A focus on different types of organic matter particles and their significance in the open ocean carbon cycle C. Baumas & M. Bizic https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2024.103233
- Ocean biological carbon pump: The evolution and prospects G. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2026.103450
- Elemental accumulation in three mesopelagic fishes from the strait of Messina (Central Mediterranean Sea) D. Di Paola et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.120220
- Roles of microzooplankton in the biological carbon pump A. Calbet https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2026.103700
- Effects of migrating mesopelagic fishes on the biological carbon pump D. Aksnes et al. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14373
- The Indonesian seas as a potential regional exception to global ocean darkening: Indications of long-term euphotic zone depth (Zeu) deepening associated with suspended particulate matter and surface shortwave radiation Q. Sari et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2026.105067
- The ZooScan and the ZooCAM zooplankton imaging systems are intercomparable: A benchmark on the Bay of Biscay zooplankton N. Grandremy et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10577
- More realistic plankton simulation models will improve projections of ocean ecosystem responses to global change K. Flynn et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02788-3
- Sinking particle export within and beneath the euphotic zone in the eastern Indian Ocean M. Stukel et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2026.105590
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 18 Sep 2026
Short summary
The biological carbon pump (BCP) transports carbon into the deep ocean, leading to long-term marine carbon sequestration. It is driven by many physical, chemical, and ecological processes. We developed a model of the BCP constrained using data from 11 cruises in 4 different ocean regions. Our results show that sinking particles and vertical mixing are more important than transport mediated by vertically migrating zooplankton. They also highlight the uncertainty in current estimates of the BCP.
The biological carbon pump (BCP) transports carbon into the deep ocean, leading to long-term...
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