Articles | Volume 21, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-335-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-335-2024
Research article
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19 Jan 2024
Research article | Highlight paper |  | 19 Jan 2024

High-resolution spatial patterns and drivers of terrestrial ecosystem carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide fluxes in the tundra

Anna-Maria Virkkala, Pekka Niittynen, Julia Kemppinen, Maija E. Marushchak, Carolina Voigt, Geert Hensgens, Johanna Kerttula, Konsta Happonen, Vilna Tyystjärvi, Christina Biasi, Jenni Hultman, Janne Rinne, and Miska Luoto

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Cited articles

Baldocchi, D., Chu, H., and Reichstein, M.: Inter-annual variability of net and gross ecosystem carbon fluxes: A review, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 249, 520–533, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.05.015, 2018. 
Belshe, E. F., Schuur, E. A. G., and Bolker, B. M.: Tundra ecosystems observed to be CO2 sources due to differential amplification of the carbon cycle, Ecol. Lett., 16, 1307–1315, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12164, 2013. 
Berner, L. T., Jantz, P., Tape, K. D., and Goetz, S. J.: Tundra plant above-ground biomass and shrub dominance mapped across the North Slope of Alaska, Environ. Res. Lett., 13, 035002, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaaa9a, 2018. 
Bodesheim, P., Jung, M., Gans, F., Mahecha, M. D., and Reichstein, M.: Upscaled diurnal cycles of land–atmosphere fluxes: a new global half-hourly data product, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 1327–1365, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1327-2018, 2018. 
Bradley-Cook, J. I. and Virginia, R. A.: Landscape variation in soil carbon stocks and respiration in an Arctic tundra ecosystem, west Greenland, Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res., 50, S100024, https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2017.1420283, 2018. 
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Arctic greenhouse gas fluxes are key for climate feedback but the Arctic greenhouse gas balance is poorly constrained due to a limited understanding of the spatial variation in these fluxes. This study combines extensive chamber-based flux measurements and remote sensing data to develop a machine-learning model to predict greenhouse gas fluxes across a tundra landscape in Finland. The analysis revealed that the system was a net greenhouse gas sink and showed widespread CH4 uptake in upland vegetation types, almost surpassing the high wetland CH4 emissions at the landscape scale.
Short summary
Arctic greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes of CO2, CH4, and N2O are important for climate feedbacks. We combined extensive in situ measurements and remote sensing data to develop machine-learning models to predict GHG fluxes at a 2 m resolution across a tundra landscape. The analysis revealed that the system was a net GHG sink and showed widespread CH4 uptake in upland vegetation types, almost surpassing the high wetland CH4 emissions at the landscape scale.
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