Geography and Environmental Science, School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Science (SAGES), University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
Leverhulme Centre for Wildfires, Environment and Society, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BW, UK
Geography and Environmental Science, School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Science (SAGES), University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
Leverhulme Centre for Wildfires, Environment and Society, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BW, UK
Marc Vander Linden
Institute for the Modelling of Socio-Environmental Transitions, Bournemouth University, Christchurch House, Talbot Campus, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK
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2,069
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2,684
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Total: 2,684
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Cumulative views and downloads
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Total article views: 1,465 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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1,136
258
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1,465
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PDF: 258
XML: 71
Total: 1,465
Supplement: 116
BibTeX: 375
EndNote: 54
Views and downloads (calculated since 24 Sep 2025)
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Total article views: 1,219 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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933
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1,219
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Total: 1,219
Supplement: 84
BibTeX: 46
EndNote: 67
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Cumulative views and downloads
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Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 2,684 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,684 with geography defined
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Total article views: 1,465 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,465 with geography defined
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Total article views: 1,219 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,217 with geography defined
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Changes in tree cover across Europe during the Holocene are reconstructed from fossil pollen data using a model developed with modern observations of tree cover and modern pollen assemblages. There is a rapid increase in tree cover after the last glacial period, with maximum cover during the mid-Holocene and a decline thereafter; the timing of the maximum and the speed of the increase and subsequent decrease vary regionally, likely reflecting differences in climate trajectories and human influence.
Changes in tree cover across Europe during the Holocene are reconstructed from fossil pollen...