Articles | Volume 23, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-3755-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-3755-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Ideas and perspectives
| 
08 Jun 2026
Ideas and perspectives |
| 08 Jun 2026
| 08 Jun 2026
Ideas and perspectives: Max MACS – constraining the potential global scale of Marine Anoxic Carbon Storage for CO2 removal
Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
Earth Science Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
Nitai Amiel
Rewind Earth LTD, Tel Aviv, Israel
Dror L. Angel
Rewind Earth LTD, Tel Aviv, Israel
Department of Maritime Civilizations, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
James P. Barry
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), Moss Landing, California, USA
Thomas M. Blattmann
Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Laura Boicenco
National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa” (NIMRD), Constanta, Romania
Antoine Crémière
Geo-Ocean, Univ. Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6538, 29280 Plouzané, France
Natalya Evans
Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Nora Gallarotti
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
Sebastian Haas
Puro.earth, Tammasaarenkatu 1, 00180 Helsinki, Finland
Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
MARUM, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Peter Krost
Coastal Research and Management, Kiel, Germany
Pranay Lal
Deep Carbon, C-4a Qutub Industrial Area, New Delhi 110016, India
David Lordkipanidze
Georgian National Museum, 0105 Tbilisi, Georgia
Georgian State University, 0105 Tbilisi, Georgia
Tiia Luostarinen
Puro.earth, Tammasaarenkatu 1, 00180 Helsinki, Finland
Aaron M. Martinez
Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
Allison J. Matzelle
Carboniferous Inc., Houston, Texas, USA
Selma Menabit
Romanian Natl. Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology – GeoEcoMar, Str. Dimitrie Onciul 23-25, Bucharest, Romania
Mihaela Muresan
Romanian Natl. Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology – GeoEcoMar, Str. Dimitrie Onciul 23-25, Bucharest, Romania
Andreas Neumann
Institute of Carbon Cycles, Helmholtz-Zentrum HEREON, Geesthacht, Germany
Jean-Daniel Paris
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C), The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, 2121, Cyprus
Christopher R. Pearce
National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK
Nick Reynard
Department of Earth Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
Daniel L. Sanchez
Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Mgmt., University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
Carbon Direct LLC, New York, New York, USA
Florence Schubotz
MARUM, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Violeta Slabakova
Institute of Oceanology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Varna, Bulgaria
Adrian Stanica
Romanian Natl. Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology – GeoEcoMar, Str. Dimitrie Onciul 23-25, Bucharest, Romania
Elena Stoica
National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa” (NIMRD), Constanta, Romania
Andrew K. Sweetman
Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, Scotland
Tina Treude
Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Yoana G. Voynova
Institute of Carbon Cycles, Helmholtz-Zentrum HEREON, Geesthacht, Germany
Nikolaos D. Zarokanellos
SOCIB- Balearic Islands Coastal Ocean Observing and Forecasting System, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Total article views: 6,125 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
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Latest update: 08 Jun 2026
Short summary
In addition to reducing emissions, vast quantities of CO2 will need to be removed from the atmosphere to meet climate goals. One strategy known as Marine Anoxic Carbon Storage (MACS) would bury plant carbon for thousands of years in parts in the ocean that lack oxygen, where carbon preservation can be highly efficient. We evaluate the environmental and other impacts of hypothetical large-scale MACS deployment from an interdisciplinary, international perspective and present a research roadmap.
In addition to reducing emissions, vast quantities of CO2 will need to be removed from the...
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