Articles | Volume 23, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-7911-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-7911-2026
Research article
 | 
06 Nov 2026
Research article |  | 06 Nov 2026

Tracking sulfate, magnesium and amorphous phases in cultured benthic foraminifera

Guillaume Paris, Caroline Thaler, Marc Dellinger, Jérôme Aléon, Smail Mostefaoui, Alice Aléon-Toppani, Claire Rollion-Bard, David Troadec, Guillaume Yangshu Wang, and Annachiara Bartolini

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Short summary
To understand sulfate incorporation in the calcitic tests of foraminifera, we grew specimens with labeled sulfur. We documented sulfur, magnesium and calcium distribution across the cell, together with the ultrastructure of the test. S and Mg often co-occur and are particularly concentrated in amorphous blocks within organic linings . Strong biological control of those three elements likely plays a role in amorphous calcium carbonate formation and its evolution to calcite.
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