Articles | Volume 23, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-8079-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-8079-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Technical note: a Recognition-assisted Camera for Automated Microscopy (RaCAM)
Martin Tetard
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
ESNZ, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
Ross Marchant
InFarm, Goondiwindi, Australia
Related authors
Luc Beaufort, Denis Dollfus, Yves Gally, Nicolas Barbarin, Martin Tetard, Baptiste Sucheras-Marx, Alexander Nistor, and Mathieu Biaut
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3901, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3901, 2026
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Microscopic marine algae produce much of the calcium carbonate that sinks to the deep ocean and plays an important role in the carbon cycle. We describe how thirty years of advances in automated microscopy and artificial intelligence have improved the analysis of these tiny fossils. Using the same samples studied decades ago, the new approach provides more detailed information, helping scientists better understand changes in marine ecosystems and the carbon cycle through time.
Vitalina Lokteva, Vahram Serobyan, Martin Tetard, Pierre Breuer, and Taniel Danelian
J. Micropalaeontol., 45, 405–413, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-405-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-405-2026, 2026
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This study develops a semi-automated workflow using artificial intelligence to detect and classify Devonian miospores in microscopic slides. Focusing on three biostratigraphically important species used for dating rocks and correlating distant localities, the method achieved high accuracy, reduced observer bias, and accelerated analysis. This workflow offers a scalable tool for research and potential industrial applications in fossil-based stratigraphy.
Babette A.A. Hoogakker, Catherine Davis, Yi Wang, Stephanie Kusch, Katrina Nilsson-Kerr, Dalton S. Hardisty, Allison Jacobel, Dharma Reyes Macaya, Nicolaas Glock, Sha Ni, Julio Sepúlveda, Abby Ren, Alexandra Auderset, Anya V. Hess, Katrin J. Meissner, Jorge Cardich, Robert Anderson, Christine Barras, Chandranath Basak, Harold J. Bradbury, Inda Brinkmann, Alexis Castillo, Madelyn Cook, Kassandra Costa, Constance Choquel, Paula Diz, Jonas Donnenfield, Felix J. Elling, Zeynep Erdem, Helena L. Filipsson, Sebastián Garrido, Julia Gottschalk, Anjaly Govindankutty Menon, Jeroen Groeneveld, Christian Hallmann, Ingrid Hendy, Rick Hennekam, Wanyi Lu, Jean Lynch-Stieglitz, Lélia Matos, Alfredo Martínez-García, Giulia Molina, Práxedes Muñoz, Simone Moretti, Jennifer Morford, Sophie Nuber, Svetlana Radionovskaya, Morgan Reed Raven, Christopher J. Somes, Anja S. Studer, Kazuyo Tachikawa, Raúl Tapia, Martin Tetard, Tyler Vollmer, Xingchen Wang, Shuzhuang Wu, Yan Zhang, Xin-Yuan Zheng, and Yuxin Zhou
Biogeosciences, 22, 863–957, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-863-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-863-2025, 2025
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Paleo-oxygen proxies can extend current records, constrain pre-anthropogenic baselines, provide datasets necessary to test climate models under different boundary conditions, and ultimately understand how ocean oxygenation responds on longer timescales. Here we summarize current proxies used for the reconstruction of Cenozoic seawater oxygen levels. This includes an overview of the proxy's history, how it works, resources required, limitations, and future recommendations.
Tobias Walla, Christine Barras, Emmanuelle Geslin, Camille Godbillot, Louis Lanoy, Ross Marchant, Delphine Dissard, and Thibault de Garidel-Thoron
J. Micropalaeontol., 45, 623–652, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-623-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-623-2026, 2026
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We developed an automated method that uses artificial intelligence to identify marine microscopic organisms called foraminifera, which serve as bioindicators of ocean health. By combining a low-cost imaging system with computer vision, our approach can quickly and accurately recognize both living and dead specimens. This makes environmental monitoring faster, more consistent, and more accessible for studying how coastal ecosystems respond to pollution and climate change.
Luc Beaufort, Denis Dollfus, Yves Gally, Nicolas Barbarin, Martin Tetard, Baptiste Sucheras-Marx, Alexander Nistor, and Mathieu Biaut
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3901, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3901, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Microscopic marine algae produce much of the calcium carbonate that sinks to the deep ocean and plays an important role in the carbon cycle. We describe how thirty years of advances in automated microscopy and artificial intelligence have improved the analysis of these tiny fossils. Using the same samples studied decades ago, the new approach provides more detailed information, helping scientists better understand changes in marine ecosystems and the carbon cycle through time.
Vitalina Lokteva, Vahram Serobyan, Martin Tetard, Pierre Breuer, and Taniel Danelian
J. Micropalaeontol., 45, 405–413, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-405-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-405-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study develops a semi-automated workflow using artificial intelligence to detect and classify Devonian miospores in microscopic slides. Focusing on three biostratigraphically important species used for dating rocks and correlating distant localities, the method achieved high accuracy, reduced observer bias, and accelerated analysis. This workflow offers a scalable tool for research and potential industrial applications in fossil-based stratigraphy.
Babette A.A. Hoogakker, Catherine Davis, Yi Wang, Stephanie Kusch, Katrina Nilsson-Kerr, Dalton S. Hardisty, Allison Jacobel, Dharma Reyes Macaya, Nicolaas Glock, Sha Ni, Julio Sepúlveda, Abby Ren, Alexandra Auderset, Anya V. Hess, Katrin J. Meissner, Jorge Cardich, Robert Anderson, Christine Barras, Chandranath Basak, Harold J. Bradbury, Inda Brinkmann, Alexis Castillo, Madelyn Cook, Kassandra Costa, Constance Choquel, Paula Diz, Jonas Donnenfield, Felix J. Elling, Zeynep Erdem, Helena L. Filipsson, Sebastián Garrido, Julia Gottschalk, Anjaly Govindankutty Menon, Jeroen Groeneveld, Christian Hallmann, Ingrid Hendy, Rick Hennekam, Wanyi Lu, Jean Lynch-Stieglitz, Lélia Matos, Alfredo Martínez-García, Giulia Molina, Práxedes Muñoz, Simone Moretti, Jennifer Morford, Sophie Nuber, Svetlana Radionovskaya, Morgan Reed Raven, Christopher J. Somes, Anja S. Studer, Kazuyo Tachikawa, Raúl Tapia, Martin Tetard, Tyler Vollmer, Xingchen Wang, Shuzhuang Wu, Yan Zhang, Xin-Yuan Zheng, and Yuxin Zhou
Biogeosciences, 22, 863–957, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-863-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-863-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Paleo-oxygen proxies can extend current records, constrain pre-anthropogenic baselines, provide datasets necessary to test climate models under different boundary conditions, and ultimately understand how ocean oxygenation responds on longer timescales. Here we summarize current proxies used for the reconstruction of Cenozoic seawater oxygen levels. This includes an overview of the proxy's history, how it works, resources required, limitations, and future recommendations.
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Short summary
We designed an AI-assisted, and affordable camera, that can be mounted on top of most microscopes (or used as a regular camera) and allows for an automated workflow including image capture, processing and identification of detected objects using artificial neural network to be performed. As this camera runs using a micro-computer and can be powered on a regular power bank, it is ideal to perform microscopy and computer tasks directly on field without the need for an expert to be deployed.
We designed an AI-assisted, and affordable camera, that can be mounted on top of most...
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