Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Ecosystem Science Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA

Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Ecosystem Science Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA

US Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI 53706, USA

Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Ecosystem Science Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA

Department of Environmental and Resource Sciences, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA

Department of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA

Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1–23, Wakaba-cho, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan

Horace Mann Bronx Campus, Bronx NY 10471, USA

Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965-6565, USA

Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585, USA