Articles | Volume 19, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4209-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4209-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
08 Sep 2022
Research article |
| 08 Sep 2022
| 08 Sep 2022
Carbon dynamics at the river–estuarine transition: a comparison among tributaries of Chesapeake Bay
Paul A. Bukaveckas
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Center for Environmental Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
Related authors
Mindaugas Žilius, Rūta Barisevičiūtė, Stefano Bonaglia, Isabell Klawonn, Elise Lorre, Tobia Politi, Irma Vybernaite-Lubiene, Maren Voss, and Paul Bukaveckas
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3054, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3054, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzes the mechanisms driving nitrate retention and elimination within a large estuarine system. Simultaneous measurements of pelagic and benthic processes provide insight into how nitrates are transformed. Finally, our findings are consistent with the paradigm that eutrophication favors a shift from benthic to pelagic-dominated processes.
Mindaugas Žilius, Rūta Barisevičiūtė, Stefano Bonaglia, Isabell Klawonn, Elise Lorre, Tobia Politi, Irma Vybernaite-Lubiene, Maren Voss, and Paul Bukaveckas
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3054, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3054, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzes the mechanisms driving nitrate retention and elimination within a large estuarine system. Simultaneous measurements of pelagic and benthic processes provide insight into how nitrates are transformed. Finally, our findings are consistent with the paradigm that eutrophication favors a shift from benthic to pelagic-dominated processes.
Cited articles
Alin, S. R., de Fatima, F. L., Rasera, M., Salimon, C. I., Richey, J. E., Holtgrieve, G. W., Krusche, A. V., and Snidvongs, A.: Physical controls on carbon dioxide transfer velocity and flux in low-gradient river systems and implications for regional carbon budgets, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 116, G01009, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001398, 2011.
Amann, T., Weiss, A., and Hartmann, J.: Carbon dynamics in the freshwater part of the Elebe estuary, Germany: Implications of improving water quality, Eastuar. Coast. Shelf S., 107, 112–121, 2012.
Amann, T., Weiss, A., and Hartmann, J.: Inorganic carbon fluxes in the inner Elbe Estuary, Germany, Estuar. Coast., 38, 192–210, 2015.
Bianchi, T. S.: The role of terrestrially derived organic carbon in the coastal ocean: a changing paradigm and the priming effect, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 19473–19481, 2011.
Borges, A. V., Delille, B., Schiettecatte, L.-S., Gazeau, F., Abril, G., and Frankignoulle, M.: Gas transfer velocities of CO2 in three European estuaries (Randers Fjord, Scheldt, and Thames), Limnol. Oceanogr., 49, 1630–1641, 2004.
Brett, M. T., Kainz, M., Taipale, S., and Seshan, H.: Phytoplankton, not allochthonous carbon, sustains herbivorous zooplankton production, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106, 21197–21201, 2009.
Brodeur, J. R., Chen, B., Su, J., Xu, Y.-Y., Hussain, N., Scaboo, K. M., Zhang, Y., Testa, J. M., and Cai, W.-J.: Chesapeake Bay inorganic carbon: distribution and seasonal variability, Front. Mar. Sci., 6, 99, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00099, 2019.
Bukaveckas, P. A. and Isenberg, W. N.: Loading, transformation and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus in the tidal freshwater James River (Virginia), Estuar. Coast., 36, 1219–1236, 2013.
Bukaveckas, P. A. and Wood, J. D.: Nitrogen retention in a restored tidal stream (Kimages Creek, VA) assessed by mass balance and tracer approaches, J. Environ. Qual., 43, 1614–1623, 2014.
Bukaveckas, P. A., Barry, L. E., Beckwith, M. J., David, V., and Lederer, B.: Factors determining the location of the chlorophyll maximum and the fate of algal production within the tidal freshwater James River, Estuar. Coast., 34, 569–582, 2011.
Bukaveckas, P. A., Beck, M., Devore, D., and Lee, W. M.: Climate variability and its role in regulating C, N and P retention in the James River Estuary, Eastuar. Coast. Shelf S., 205, 161–173, 2018.
Bukaveckas, P. A., Katarzyte, M., Schlegel, A., Spuriene, R., Egerton, T. A., and Vaiciute, D.: Composition and settling properties of suspended particulate matter in estuaries of the Chesapeake Bay and Baltic Sea regions, J. Soils Sediment., 19, 2580–2593, 2019.
Bukaveckas, P. A., Tassone, S., Lee, W. M., and Franklin, R. B.: The influence of storm events on metabolism and water quality of riverine and estuarine segments of the James, Mattaponi and Pamunkey Rivers, Estuar. Coast., 43, 1585–1602, 2020.
Butman, D., Stackpoole, S., Stets, E. G., McDonald, C. P., Clow, D. W., and Striegl, R. G.: Aquatic carbon cycling in the conterminous United States and implications for terrestrial carbon accounting, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 58–63, 2016.
Caffrey, J. M.: Production, respiration and net ecosystem metabolism in U.S. estuaries, Environ. Monitor. Assess., 81, 207–219, 2003.
Caffrey, J. M.: Factors controlling net ecosystem metabolism in U.S. estuaries, Estuaries, 27, 90–101, 2004.
Cai, W.-J. and Wang, Y.: The chemistry, fluxes and sources of carbon dioxide in the estuarine waters of the Satilla and Altamaha Rivers, Georgia, Limnol. Oceanogr., 43, 657–668, 1998.
Cole, J. J., Prairie, Y. T., Caraco, N. F., McDowell, W. H., Tranvik, L. J., Striegl, R. G., Duarte, C. M., Kortelainen, P., Downing, J. A., Middelburg, J. J., and Melack, J. M.: Plumbing the global carbon cycle: integrating inland waters into the terrestrial carbon budget, Ecosystems, 10, 171–184, 2007.
Crawford, J. T., Butman, D., Loken, L.C., Stadler, P., Kuhn, C., and Striegl, R. G.: Spatial variability of CO2 concentrations and biogeochemistry in the Lower Columbia River, Inland Waters, 7, 417–427, 2017.
Creed, I. F., McKnight, D. M., Pellerin, B. A., Green, M. B., Bergamaschi, B. A., Aiken, G. R., Burns, D. A., Findlay, S. E. G., Shanley, J. B., Striegl, R. G., Aulenbach, B. T., Clow, D. W., Laudon, H., McGlynn, B. L., McGuire, K. J., Smith, R. A., and Stackpoole, S. M.: The river as a chemostat: fresh perspectives on dissolved organic matter flowing down the river continuum, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 72, 1272–1285, 2015.
Cresson, P., Travers-Trolet, M., Rouquette, M., Timmerman, C.-A., Giraldo, C., Lefebvre, S., and Ernande, B.: Underestimation of chemical contamination in marine fish muscle tissue can be reduced by considering variable wet:dry weight ratios, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 123, 279–285, 2017.
Crosswell, J. R., Anderson, I. C., Stanhope, J. W., Van Dam, B., Brush, M. J., Ensign, S. H., Piehler, M. F., McKee, B., Bost, M., and Paerl, H. W.: Carbon budget of a shallow lagoonal estuary: transformations and source-sink dynamics along the river-estuary-ocean continuum, Limnol. Oceangr., 62, 29–45, 2017.
del Giorgio, P. A. and Pace, M. L.: Relative independence of organic carbon transport and processing in a large temperate river: The Hudson River as both pipe and reactor, Limnol. Oceangr., 53, 185–197, 2008.
Fabrizio, M. C., Tuckey, T. D., Latour, R. J., White, G. C., and Norris, A. J.: Tidal habitats support large numbers of invasive blue catfish in a Chesapeake Bay sub-estuary, Estuar. Coast., 41, 827–840, 2018.
Garman, G., Viverette, C., Watts, B., and Macko, S.: Predator-prey Interactions among Fish-eating Birds and selected Fishery Resources in the Chesapeake Bay: Temporal and Spatial Trends and Implications for Fishery Assessment and Management, William and Mary Center for Conservation Biology Technical Report #349, https://scholarworks.wm.edu/ccb_reports/349 (last access: 20 July 2021), 2010.
Gellis, A. C. Hupp, C. R., Pavich, M. J., Landwehr, J. M., Banks, W. S. L., Hubbard, B. E., Langland, M. J., Ritchie, J. C., and Reuter, J. M.: Sources, transport, and storage of sediment in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report, 2008–5186, 2009.
Greenlee, R. S. and Lim, C. N.: Searching for equilibrium: population parameters and variable recruitment in introduced blue catfish populations in four Virginia tidal river systems, Am. Fish. Soc. Symp., 77, 349–367, 2011.
Hanson, P. C., Pace, M. L., Carpenter, S. R., Cole, J. J., and Stanley, E. H.: Integrating landscape carbon cycling: research needs for resolving organic carbon budgets of lakes, Ecosystems, 18, 363–375, 2015.
Hasler, C. T., Butman, D., Jeffrey, J. D., and Suski, C. D.: Freshwater biota and rising pCO2?, Ecol. Lett., 19, 98–108, 2016.
Henderson, R. and Bukaveckas, P. A.: Factors governing light attenuation in upper segments of the James and York Estuaries and their influence on primary producers, Estuar. Coast., 45, 470–484, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-021-00983-6, 2021.
Hilling, C. D., Bunch, A. J., Emmel, J. A., Schmitt, J. D., and Orth, D. J.: Growth and mortality of invasive flathead catfish in the tidal James River, Virginia, J. Fish Wildlife Manage., 10, 641–652, 2019.
Hoellein, T. J., Bruesewitz, D. A., and Richardson, D. C.: Revisiting Odum (1956): a synthesis of aquatic ecosystem metabolism, Limnol. Oceangr., 58, 2089–2100, 2013.
Hoffman, J. C., Bronk, D. A., and Olney, J. E.: Organic matter sources supporting lower food web production in the tidal freshwater portion of the York River estuary, Estuar. Coast., 31, 898–911, 2008.
Hotchkiss, E. R., Sadro, S., and Hanson, P. C.: Toward a more integrative perspective on carbon metabolism across lentic and lotic inland waters, Limnol. Oceangr. Lett., 3, 57–63, 2018.
Hoitink, A. J. F. and Jay, D. A.: Tidal river dynamics: implications for deltas, Rev. Geophys., 54, 240–272, 2016.
Holgerson, M. A. and Raymond, P. A.: Large contribution to inland water CO2 and CH4 emissions from very small ponds, Nat. Geosci., 9, 222–226, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2654, 2016.
Hosen, J. D., Aho, K. S., Fair, J. H., Kyzivat, E. D., Matt, S., Morrison, J., Stubbins, A., Weber, L. C., Yoon, B., and Raymond, P. A.: Source switching maintains dissolved organic matter chemostasis across discharge levels in a large temperate river network, Ecosystems, 24, 227–247, 2021.
Hupp, C. R., Pierce, A. R., and Noe, G. B.: Floodplain geomorphic processes and environmental impacts of human alteration along Coastal Plain rivers, USA, Wetlands, 29, 413–429, 2009.
Jansson, M., Karlsson, J., and Jonsson, A.: Carbon dioxide super-saturation promotes primary production in lakes, Ecol. Lett., 15, 527–532, 2012.
Joesoef, A., Kirchman, D. L., Sommerfield, C. K., and Cai, W.-J.: Seasonal variability of the inorganic carbon system in a large coastal plain estuary, Biogeosciences, 14, 4949–4963, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4949-2017, 2017.
Jones, A. E., Hodges, B. R., McClelland, J. W., Hardison, A. K., and Moffett, K. B.: Residence-time-based classification of surface water systems, Water Resour. Res., 53, 5567–5584, 2017.
Jones, A. E., Hardison, A. K., Hodges, B. R., McClelland, J. W., and Moffett, K. B.: Defining a riverine tidal freshwater zone and its spatiotemporal dynamics, Water Resour. Res., 56, e2019WRR026619, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR026619, 2020.
Lake, S. J., Brush, M. J., Anderson, I. C., and Kator, H. I.: Internal versus external drivers of periodic hypoxia in a coastal plain tributary estuary: the York River, Virginia, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 492, 21–39, 2013.
Low-Decarie, E., Bell, G., and Fussman, G. F.: CO2 alters community composition and response to nutrient enrichment of freshwater phytoplankton, Oecologia, 177, 875–883, 2015.
Meybeck, M.: Global analyses of river systems: from Earth system controls to Anthropocene syndromes, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. B, 358, 1935–1955, 2003.
Middelburg, J. J. and Herman, P. M. J.: Organic matter processing in tidal estuaries, Mar. Chem., 106, 127–147, 2007.
Moran, M. A., Sheldon, W. M., and Sheldon, J. E.: Biodegradation of riverine dissolved organic carbon in five estuaries of the southeastern United States, Estuaries, 22, 55–64, 1999.
Morton, R. and Henderson, B. L.: Estimation of non-linear trends in water quality: an improved approach using generalized additive models, Water Resour. Res., 44, W07420, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006191, 2008.
Murphy, R. R., Perry, E., Harcum, J., and Keisman, J.: A Generalized Additive Model approach to evaluating water quality: Chesapeake Bay case study, Environ. Modell. Softw., 118, 1–13, 2019.
Muylaert, K., Tackx, M., and Vyverman, W.: Phytoplankton growth rates in the tidal freshwater reaches of the Schelde estuary (Belgium) estimated using a simple light-limited primary production model, Hydrobiologia, 540, 127–140, 2005.
Noe, G. B. and Hupp, C. R.: Retention of riverine sediment and nutrient loads by Coastal Plain floodplains, Ecosystems, 12, 728–746, 2009.
Orth, D. J., Jiao, Y., Schmidt, J. D., Hilling, C. D., Emmel, J. A., and Fabrizio, M. C.: Dynamics and Role of Non-native Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus in Virginia's Tidal Waters, Final Report submitted to Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.35917.54246, 2017.
Patrick, C. J., Yeager, L., Armitage, A. R., Carvallo, F., Congdon, V. M., Dunton, K. H., Fisher, M., Hardison, A. K., Hogan, J. D., Hosen, J., Hu, X., Reese, B. K., Kinard, S., Kominoski, J. S., Lin, X., Liu, Z., Montagna, P. A., Pennings, S. C., Walker, L., Weaver, C. A., and Wetz, M.: A system level analysis of coastal ecosystem responses to hurricane impacts, Estuar. Coast., 43, 943–959, 2020.
Qin, Q. and Shen, J.: The contribution of local and transport processes to phytoplankton biomass variability over different time scales in the Upper James River, Virginia, Eastuar. Coast. Shelf S., 196, 123–133, 2017.
Raymond, P. A., Bauer, J. E., and Cole, J. J.: Atmospheric CO2 evasion, dissolved inorganic carbon production, and net heterotrophy in the York River estuary, Limnol. Oceangr., 45, 1707–1717, 2000.
Raymond, P. A., Caraco, N. F., and Cole, J. J.: Carbon dioxide concentration and atmospheric flux in the Hudson River, Estuaries, 20, 381–390, 1997.
Raymond, P. A. and Cole, J. J.: Gas exchange in rivers and estuaries: Choosing a gas transfer velocity, Estuaries, 24, 312–317, 2001.
Raymond, P. A., Hartmann, J., Lauerwald, R., Sobek, S., McDonald, C. P., Hoover, M., Butman, D., Striegl, R. G., Mayorga, E., Humborg, C., Kortelainen, P., Durr, H., Meybeck, M., Ciais, P., and Guth, P.: Global carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters, Nature, 503, 355–359, 2017.
Raymond, P. A. and Bauer, J. E.: Bacterial consumption of DOC during transport through a temperate estuary, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 22, 1–12, 2000.
Raymond, P. A. and Hopkinson, C. S.: Ecosystem modulation of dissolved carbon age in a temperate marsh-dominated estuary, Ecosystems, 6, 694–705, 2003.
Reiman, J. H. and Xu, Y. J.: Diel variability of pCO2 and CO2 outgassing from the lower Mississippi River: implications for riverine CO2 outgassing estimation, Water, 11, 43, https://doi.org/10.3390/w11010043, 2019.
Richey, J. E., Melack, J. M., Aufdenkampe, A., Ballester, V. M., and Hess, L. L.: Outgassing from Amazonian rivers and wetlands as a large tropical source of atmospheric CO2, Nature, 416, 617–620, 2002.
Ruegg, J., Conn, C. C., Anderson, E. P., Battin, T. J., Bernhardt, E. S., Canadell, M. B., Bonjour, S. M., Hosen, J. D., Marzolf, N. S., and Yackulic, C. B.: Thinking like a consumer: linking aquatic basal metabolism and consumer dynamics, Limnol. Oceangr. Lett., 6, 1–17, 2021.
Schmitt, J. D., Peoples, B. K., Castello, L., and Orth, D. J.: Feeding ecology of generalist consumers: a case study of invasive blue catfish Ictalurus furcatus in Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, USA, Environ. Biol. Fish., 102, 443–465, 2019.
Smock, L. A., Wright, A. B., and Benke, A. C.: Atlantic coast rivers of the southeastern United States, edited by: Benke, A. C. and Cushing, C., Cushing Rivers of North America, Elsevier Academic Press, 73–122, 2005.
Stedmon, C. A., Markager, S., Sondergaard, M., Vang, T., Laubel, A., Borch N. H., and Windelin, A.: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) export to a temperate estuary: Seasonal variations and implications of land use, Estuar. Coast., 29, 388–400, 2006.
Steen, A. D., Quigley L. M., and Buchan, A.: Evidence for the priming effect in a planktonic estuarine microbial community, Front. Mar. Sci., 3, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00006, 2015.
Tassone, S. and Bukaveckas, P. A.: Seasonal, interannual and longitudinal patterns in estuarine metabolism derived from diel oxygen data using multiple computational approaches, Estuar. Coast., 42, 1032–1051, 2019.
Thorp, J. H. and Bowes, R. E.: Carbon sources in riverine food webs: new evidence from amino acid isotope techniques, Ecosystems, 20, 1029–1041, 2017.
Tranvik, L. J., Downing, J. A., Cotner, J. B., Loiselle, S. A., Striegl, R. G., Ballatore, T. J., Dillon, P., Finlay, K., Fortino, K., Knoll, L. B., Kortelainen, P. L., Kutser, T., Larsen, S., Laurion, I., Leech, D. M., McCallister, S. L., McKnight, D. M., Melack, J. M., Overholt, E., Porter, J. A., Prairie, Y., Renwick, W. H., Roland, F., Sherman, B. S., Schindler, D. W., Sobek, S., Tremblay, A., Vanni, M. J., Verschoor, A. M., von Wachenfeldt, E., and Weyhenmeyer, G. A.: Lakes and reservoirs as regulators of carbon cycling and climate, Limnol. Oceangr., 54, 2298–2314, 2009.
Tranvik, L. J., Cole, J. J., and Prairie, Y. T.: The study of carbon in inland waters – from isolated ecosystems to players in the global carbon cycle, Limnol. Oceangr. Lett., 3, 41–48, 2018.
Tzortziou, M., Neale, P. J., Osburn, C. L., Megonigal, J. P., Maie, N., and Jaffe, R.: Tidal marshes as a source of optically and chemically distinctive colored dissolved organic matter in the Chesapeake Bay, Limnol. Oceangr., 53, 148–159, 2008.
Van Dam, B. R., Crosswell, J. R., and Paerl, H. W.: Flood-driven CO2 emissions from adjacent North Carolina estuaries during Hurricane Joaquin (2015), Mar. Chem., 207, 1–12, 2018.
Vincent, W. F., Dodson, J. J., Bertrand, N., and Frenette, J.-J.: Photosynthetic and bacterial production gradients in a larval fish nursery: The St. Lawrence River transition zone, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 139, 227–238, 1996.
Volta, C., Laruelle, G. G., and Regnier, P.: Regional carbon and CO2 budgets of North Sea tidal estuaries, Eastuar. Coast. Shelf S., 176, 76–90, 2016.
Vorosmarty, C. J., Meybeck, M., Fekete, B. M., Sharma, K. P., Green, P., and Syvitski, J. P. M.: Anthropogenic sediment retention: major global impact from registered river impoundments, Glob. Planet. Change, 39, 169–190, 2013.
Voss, M., Asmala, E., Bartl, I., Carstensen, J., Conley, D. J., Dippner, J. W., Humborg, C., Lukkari, K., Petkuviene, J., Reader, H., Stedmon, C., Vybernaite-Lubiene, I., Wannicke, N., and Zilius, M.: Origin and fate of dissolved organic matter in four shallow Baltic Sea estuaries, Biogeochemistry, 154, 385–403, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-020-00703-5, 2020.
Ward, N. D., Bianchi, T. S., Sawakuchi, H. O., Gagne-Maynard, W., Cunha, A. C., Brito, D. C., Neu, V., Valerio, A. D., da Silva, R., Krusche, A. V., Richey, J. E., and Keil, R. G.: The reactivity of plant-derived organic matter and the potential importance of priming effects in the lower Amazon River, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 121, 1522–1539, 2016.
Ward, N. D., Bianchi, T. S., Medeiros, P. M., Seidel, M., Richey, J. E., Keil, R. G., and Sawakuchi, H. O.: Where carbon goes when water flows: carbon cycling across the aquatic continuum, Front. Mar. Sci., 4, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00007, 2017.
Wiegner, T. N., Seitzinger, S. P., Gilbert, P. M., and Bronk, D. A.: Bioavailability of dissolved organic nitrogen and carbon from nine rivers in the eastern United States, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 43, 277–287, 2006.
Wiik, E., Haig, H. A., Hayes, N. M., Finlay, K., Simpson, G. L., Vogt, R. J. and Leavitt, P. R.: Generalized additive models of climatic and metabolic controls of subannual variation in pCO2 in productive hardwater lakes, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 123, 1940–1959, 2021.
Wood, S.: Generalized Additive Models: an Introduction with R, 1 Edn., Chapman and Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 2006.
Wood, J. D. and Bukaveckas, P. A.: Increasing severity of phytoplankton nutrient limitation following reductions in point source inputs to the tidal freshwater segment of the James River Estuary, Estuar. Coast., 37, 1188–1201, 2014.
Wood, J. D., Elliott, D., Garman, G. C., Hopler, D., Lee, W. M., McIninch, S., Porter, A. J., and Bukaveckas, P. A.: Autochthony, allochthony and the role of consumers in influencing the sensitivity of aquatic systems to nutrient enrichment, Food Webs, 7, 1–12, 2016.
Wymore, A. S., Fazekas, H. M., and McDowell, W. H.: Quantifying the frequency of synchronous carbon and nitrogen export to the river network, Biogeochemistry, 152, 1–12, 2021.
Xu, X., Wei, H. C., Barker, G., Holt, K., Julian, S., Light, T., Melton, S., Salamanca, A., Moffett, K. B., McClelland, J. W., and Hardison, A. K.: Tidal freshwater zones as hotspots for biogeochemical cycling: sediment organic matter decomposition in the lower reaches of two South Texas rivers, Estuar. Coast., 44, 722–733, 2021.
Yang, G. and Moyer, D. L.: Estimation of non-linear water quality trends in high-frequency monitoring data, Sci. Total Environ., 715, 136686, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136686, 2020.
Young, M., Hoew, E., O'Rear, T., Berridge, K., and Moyle, P.: Food web fuel differs across habitats and seasons of a tidal freshwater estuary, Estuar. Coast., 44, 286–301, 2021.
Zarnetske, J. P., Bouda, M., Abbott, B. W., Saiers, J., and Raymond, P. A.: Generality of hydrologic transport limitation of watershed organic carbon flux across ecoregions of the United States, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 11702–11711, 2018.
Short summary
Inland waters play an important role in the global carbon cycle by storing, transforming and transporting carbon from land to sea. Comparatively little is known about carbon dynamics at the river–estuarine transition. A study of tributaries of Chesapeake Bay showed that biological processes exerted a strong effect on carbon transformations. Peak carbon retention occurred during periods of elevated river discharge and was associated with trapping of particulate matter.
Inland waters play an important role in the global carbon cycle by storing, transforming and...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint