Articles | Volume 20, issue 15
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3203-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3203-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
04 Aug 2023
Research article |
| 04 Aug 2023
| 04 Aug 2023
Seasonal and interannual variability of the pelagic ecosystem and of the organic carbon budget in the Rhodes Gyre (eastern Mediterranean): influence of winter mixing
Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (LEGOS), Université de Toulouse, CNES/CNRS/IRD/UT3, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
National Center for Marine Sciences, National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L), Jounieh, Lebanon
Caroline Ulses
Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (LEGOS), Université de Toulouse, CNES/CNRS/IRD/UT3, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Claude Estournel
Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (LEGOS), Université de Toulouse, CNES/CNRS/IRD/UT3, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Milad Fakhri
National Center for Marine Sciences, National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L), Jounieh, Lebanon
Patrick Marsaleix
Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (LEGOS), Université de Toulouse, CNES/CNRS/IRD/UT3, 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Mireille Pujo-Pay
Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), CNRS, UMR 7621, Sorbonne Université, 1 Avenue Pierre Fabre, 66651 Banyuls-sur-mer, France
Marine Fourrier
Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 181 Chemin du
Lazaret, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
Laurent Coppola
Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 181 Chemin du
Lazaret, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
OSU STAMAR, UAR2017, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris CEDEX 05, France
Alexandre Mignot
Mercator Océan International, 8 Rue Hermès, 31520 Ramonville-Saint-Agne, Toulouse, France
Laurent Mortier
Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), UPMC Univ Paris 06 CNRS-IRD-MNHN, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
Pascal Conan
Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), CNRS, UMR 7621, Sorbonne Université, 1 Avenue Pierre Fabre, 66651 Banyuls-sur-mer, France
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- Description of two new Apseudopsis species (A. larnacensis sp. nov and A. salinus sp. nov.) (Tanaidacea: Crustacea) from the Mediterranean and a biogeographic overview of the genus A. Stępień et al. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18740
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- Urea provides an important nitrogen source for microbial populations in an ultraoligotrophic sea A. Blachinsky et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70408
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10 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Sea surface temperature trends in the Aegean sea (2008–2024): from spatiotemporal warming patterns to a Spatial heat vulnerability index T. Kuleli & Ş. Bayazıt https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-026-08026-8
- Description of two new Apseudopsis species (A. larnacensis sp. nov and A. salinus sp. nov.) (Tanaidacea: Crustacea) from the Mediterranean and a biogeographic overview of the genus A. Stępień et al. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18740
- Mesoscale variability of phosphorus stocks, hydrological and biological processes in the mixed layer in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea in autumn and during an unusually dense winter phytoplankton bloom F. Van Wambeke et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104348
- Long term predictions on the population dynamics of two contrasting demersal fishing resources in the western Mediterranean C. González-Andrés et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1587297
- Modeling Indian Ocean circulation to study marine debris dispersion: insights into high-resolution and wave forcing effects with Symphonie 3.6.6 L. Weiss et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-827-2026
- Anomalous 2022 deep-water formation and intense phytoplankton bloom in the Cretan area A. Teruzzi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-4-osr8-15-2024
- Dissolved oxygen budget in the Levantine Sea: a coupled physical-biogeochemical modelling approach J. Habib et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-2939-2026
- Episodic deep vertical mixing in the Rhodes gyre (Mediterranean Sea) triggers an exceptional mesozooplankton outburst I. Siokou et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103496
- Urea provides an important nitrogen source for microbial populations in an ultraoligotrophic sea A. Blachinsky et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70408
- Spatiotemporal Patterns and Physical Drivers of Satellite-derived Chlorophyll-a in the Aegean Sea A. Koutsaniti et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-026-01163-8
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 03 Jul 2026
Short summary
The Rhodes Gyre, eastern Mediterranean Sea, is the main Levantine Intermediate Water formation site. In this study, we use a 3D physical–biogeochemical model to investigate the seasonal and interannual variability of organic carbon dynamics in the gyre. Our results show its autotrophic nature and its high interannual variability, with enhanced primary production, downward exports, and onward exports to the surrounding regions during years marked by intense heat losses and deep mixed layers.
The Rhodes Gyre, eastern Mediterranean Sea, is the main Levantine Intermediate Water formation...
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